涩，燥湿，坠痰
酸咸而寒，性涩而收。燥湿追涎，化痰坠浊，解毒生津，除风杀虫，止血定痛，通大、
小便，蚀恶肉，生好肉，除痼热在骨髓（髓为热所劫则空，故骨痿而齿浮）。治惊痫黄胆，
血痛喉痹，齿痛风眼，鼻中息肉，崩带脱肛，阴蚀阴挺（阴肉挺出，肝经之火），疔肿痈疽，
瘰疥癣，虎、犬、蛇、虫咬伤（时珍曰∶能吐风，热痰涎，取其酸苦涌泄也；治诸血痛、
阴挺、脱肛、疮疡，取其酸涩而收也；治风眼、痰饮、泄痢、崩滞，取其收而燥湿也；治喉
痹、痈蛊、蛇伤，取其解毒也）。多服损心、肺，伤骨（寇宗 曰∶劫水故也。书纸上，水
不能濡，故知其性劫水也。李迅曰∶凡发背，当服蜡矾丸以护膜，防毒瓦斯内攻。矾一两，黄
蜡七钱，溶化和丸。每服十丸，渐加至二十丸，日服百丸则有力。此药护膜托里、解毒化脓
功甚大。以白矾、芽茶捣末冷水服，解一切毒）。取洁白光莹者， 用。又法以火 地，酒
水于上、取矾布地，以盘复之。四面灰拥一日夜，矾飞盘上，扫收之，为矾精。未尽者更如
前法。再以陈苦酒（醋也）化之，名矾华。七日可用，百日弥佳。甘草为使。畏麻黄。恶牡
蛎（生用解毒， 用生肌）。
一名石胆
宣，吐风痰，涩，敛咳逆
酸涩辛寒。入少阳胆经。性敛而能上行，涌吐风、热痰诞，发散风木相火。治喉痹（醋
调咽，吐痰诞立效）咳逆，痉痫崩淋。能杀虫，治牙虫、疮毒、阴蚀。产铜坑中，乃铜之精
液（故能入肝、胆治风木）。磨铁作铜色者真，形似空青鸭嘴色为上（市人多以醋揉青矾伪
之）。畏桂、芫花、辛夷、白薇。
涩味，具有燥湿、坠痰的功效。
味道酸咸且性寒，性质涩而具有收敛作用。能燥湿止涎，化痰降浊，解毒生津，祛风杀虫，止血定痛，通利大、小便，腐蚀恶肉，促进好肉生长，清除骨髓中的顽固热邪（髓被热邪劫夺则空虚，因此导致骨痿和牙齿浮动）。治疗惊痫、黄疸、血痛、喉痹、齿痛、风眼、鼻中息肉、崩漏带下、脱肛、阴蚀、阴挺（阴部肌肉挺出，属肝经之火）、疔肿痈疽、瘰疬疥癣，以及虎、犬、蛇、虫咬伤（李时珍说：能吐出风、热痰涎，取其酸苦涌泄的作用；治疗各种血证疼痛、阴挺、脱肛、疮疡，取其酸涩收敛的作用；治疗风眼、痰饮、泄痢、崩漏滞涩，取其收敛燥湿的作用；治疗喉痹、痈蛊、蛇伤，取其解毒的作用）。多服用会损伤心、肺，伤害骨骼（寇宗奭说：因为劫夺津液。写在纸上，水不能浸湿，所以知道它的性质是劫夺津液。李迅说：凡是发背疮，应当服用蜡矾丸以保护膜，防止毒瓦斯内攻。白矾一两，黄蜡七钱，熔化混合制成丸药。每次服用十丸，逐渐增加到二十丸，每天服用一百丸则效力强。此药保护膜、托里解毒、化脓的功效很大。用白矾、芽茶捣成粉末，冷水送服，可解一切毒）。选用洁白光莹的，使用。另一种方法是用火加热地面，在上方洒酒和水，让矾布在地面上，用盘子盖住它。四周用灰围拥一天一夜，矾升华到盘子上，扫取收集，称为矾精。未升华完的再按前法处理。再用陈年苦酒（醋）溶解它，称为矾华。七天后可用，一百天更佳。甘草作为引经药。畏麻黄。厌恶牡蛎（生用解毒，煅用生肌）。
又名石胆
宣散，吐风痰，涩，收敛咳逆
味道酸涩辛凉。入少阳胆经。性质收敛但能上行，涌吐风、热痰涎，发散风木相火。治疗喉痹（醋调匀咽下，吐出痰涎立即见效）、咳逆、痉痫、崩淋。能杀虫，治疗牙虫、疮毒、阴蚀。产于铜矿坑中，是铜的精液（所以能入肝、胆治疗风木之病）。磨铁呈铜色者为真品，形状像空青、鸭嘴色为上品（市人多用醋揉搓青矾来伪造）。畏桂枝、芫花、辛夷、白薇。
Astringent, dries dampness, descends phlegm.
Sour and salty in taste, cold in nature, astringent and contracting in property. Dries dampness and arrests salivation, transforms phlegm and descends turbidity, resolves toxicity and generates fluids, dispels wind and kills parasites, stops bleeding and relieves pain, unblocks the large and small intestines, cauterizes foul flesh, promotes growth of healthy flesh, clears stubborn heat from the bone marrow (when marrow is depleted by heat, it becomes empty, leading to bone萎 [bone atrophy/flaccidity] and floating teeth). Treats fright epilepsy, jaundice, blood pain, throat obstruction, tooth pain, wind-eye, nasal polyps, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, rectal prolapse, yin erosion, vaginal prolapse (vaginal tissue protruding, due to fire in the Liver channel), carbuncles and sores, scrofula, scabies, tinea, and bites from tigers, dogs, snakes, and insects (Shizhen said: It can induce vomiting of wind-heat phlegm and saliva, utilizing its sour-bitter purgative action; treats various blood pains, vaginal prolapse, rectal prolapse, and sores, utilizing its sour-astringent contracting action; treats wind-eye, phlegm-fluids, diarrhea-dysentery, and metrorrhagia with stagnation, utilizing its contracting and drying-dampness action; treats throat obstruction, carbuncle-gu, and snakebites, utilizing its detoxifying action). Overconsumption damages the Heart and Lungs, harms the bones (Zongshi said: Because it depletes water/fluids. Written on paper, water cannot moisten it, thus knowing its nature depletes water/fluids. Xun said: For any back carbuncle, one should take La Fan Wan [Beeswax-Alum Pill] to protect the membrane, preventing toxic qi from attacking inward. Alum 1 liang, beeswax 7 qian, melted and mixed into pills. Take 10 pills per dose, gradually increasing to 20 pills, taking 100 pills daily enhances efficacy. This medicine greatly protects the membrane, supports the interior, resolves toxicity, and transforms pus. Crushing Bai Fan [Alum] and Ya Cha [Bud Tea] into powder and taking with cold water resolves all toxins]. Select those that are white, bright, and lustrous for use. Another method: heat the ground with fire, pour wine and water above, let the alum spread on the ground, cover it with a plate. Surround with ash for a day and night, the alum sublimes onto the plate, sweep and collect it, called Fan Jing [Alum Essence]. The residue is processed again as before. Then dissolve it with Chen Ku Jiu [aged vinegar], called Fan Hua [Alum Flower]. Usable after seven days, better after one hundred days. Gan Cao [Licorice Root] acts as an envoy. Incompatible with Ma Huang [Ephedra Stem]. Detested by Mu Li [Oyster Shell] (raw used to resolve toxicity, calcined used to promote flesh growth).
Also known as Shi Dan [Stone Gall].
Dispersing, induces vomiting of wind-phlegm, astringent, contracts rebellious cough.
Sour, astringent, acrid, and cold in nature. Enters the Shaoyang Gallbladder Channel. Property is contracting yet capable of ascending, induces vomiting of wind-heat phlegm and saliva, disperses Wind-Wood and Ministerial Fire. Treats throat obstruction (mixed with vinegar and swallowed, vomiting phlegm-saliva yields immediate effect), rebellious cough, spasmodic epilepsy, metrorrhagia and strangury. Kills parasites, treats dental worms, sore toxins, yin erosion. Produced in copper pits, it is the essence of copper (thus enters Liver and Gallbladder to treat Wind-Wood disorders). Those that turn iron copper-colored upon grinding are genuine; shapes resembling Kong Qing [Azurite] or duck-bill color are superior (Merchants often fake it by rubbing Qing Fan [Green Alum] with vinegar). Incompatible with Gui Zhi [Cinnamon Twig], Yuan Hua [Genkwa Flower], Xin Yi [Magnolia Flower], Bai Wei [Cynanchum Atratum Root].