重，补肾
辛咸。色黑属水，能引肺金之气入肾。补肾益精，除烦祛热，通耳明目（耳为肾窍，肾
水足，则目明）。治羸弱周痹，骨节酸痛（肾主骨），惊痫（重镇怯）肿核（咸软坚），误吞
针铁（末服），止金疮血（《十剂》曰∶重可去怯，磁石、铁粉之属是也。《经疏》云∶石药
皆有毒，独磁石冲和，无悍猛之气。又能补肾益精，然体重渍酒优于丸散。时珍曰∶一士病
目渐生翳，珍以羌活胜湿汤加减，而以磁朱丸佐之，两月而愈。盖磁石入肾，镇养真阴，使
神水不外移；朱砂入心，镇养心血，使邪火不上侵；佐以神曲，消化滞气，温养脾胃生发之
气，乃道家黄婆媒合婴 之理。方见孙真人《千金方》，但云明目，而未发出用药微义也。
黄婆，脾也； 女，心也；婴儿，肾也）。色黑，能吸铁者真。火 醋淬，碾末，水飞，或
醋煮三日夜用。柴胡为使。杀铁消金。恶牡丹。
重，泻痰
甘威有毒，体重沉坠。色青入肝，制以硝石，能平肝下气，为治惊利痰之圣药（吐痰在
水上，以石末掺之，痰即随下。王隐君有礞石滚痰丸，能治百病。礞石、焰硝各二两， 研
，水飞净一两，大黄酒蒸八两，黄芩酒洗八两，沉香五钱，为末，水丸，量虚实服。时珍曰
∶风木太过，来制脾土，气不运化，积滞生痰，壅寒上、中二焦，变生诸证。礞石重坠，硝
性疏快，使痰积通利，诸证自除）。气弱脾虚者禁用。坚细青黑，中有白星点。硝石、礞石
等分，打碎拌匀，入坩锅 至硝尽、石色如金为度。如无金星者不入药。研末水飞，去硝毒
用。
磁石：味重，能补肾。味辛、咸。颜色黑属水，能引导肺金之气进入肾中。具有补肾益精、消除烦热、通耳明目的功效（耳朵是肾的窍道，肾水充足，则视力明亮）。治疗身体瘦弱及周身痹痛、骨节酸痛（肾主骨）、惊痫（重镇以定惊怯）、肿核（咸味能软坚散结），误吞针铁（将药末服用）可止血，治疗金属创伤出血（《十剂》说：重性药物可以去除怯惧，磁石、铁粉这类药物就是如此。《经疏》说：石类药物都有毒性，唯独磁石性质冲和，没有猛烈之气。又能补肾益精，但体重者用酒浸泡优于制成丸散。李时珍说：有一位士人眼睛逐渐生翳，我用羌活胜湿汤加减，并配合磁朱丸辅助治疗，两个月后痊愈。这是因为磁石入肾，镇养真阴，使神水不向外流失；朱砂入心，镇养心血，使邪火不上侵；佐以神曲，消化滞气，温养脾胃生发之气，这是道家黄婆媒合婴儿的道理。方剂见于孙真人《千金方》，只说能明目，而没有揭示用药的精微含义。黄婆指脾；姹女指心；婴儿指肾）。颜色黑，能吸引铁器的为真品。用火煅醋淬，碾成粉末，用水飞法处理，或者用醋煮三昼夜后使用。柴胡作为引经药。能杀铁消金。畏牡丹。
礞石：味重，能泻痰。味甘、咸，有毒，质地沉重下沉。颜色青入肝，经过硝石炮制，能平肝降气，是治疗惊风利痰的圣药（吐痰时在水面上撒石末，痰就会随之沉下。王隐君有礞石滚痰丸，能治疗百病。配方：礞石、焰硝各二两，研磨后水飞净取一两，大黄酒蒸八两，黄芩酒洗八两，沉香五钱，研成粉末，用水泛丸，根据虚实情况服用。李时珍说：风气木气太过，克制脾土，气机不运化，积滞生痰，壅塞上、中二焦，变生各种证候。礞石重坠，硝石性疏快，使痰积通利，各种证候自然消除）。气弱脾虚者禁用。质地坚硬细致，颜色青黑，中有白色星点。将硝石、礞石等分，打碎拌匀，放入坩锅中煅烧至硝尽、石头颜色如金为止。如果没有金星的不入药。研成粉末水飞，去掉硝毒后使用。
Magnetitum (Cishi): Heavy in nature, tonifies the Kidney. Acrid and salty. Its black color corresponds to Water, capable of guiding the Qi of Lung Metal into the Kidney. It tonifies the Kidney and benefits essence, eliminates vexation and heat, unblocks the ears and brightens the eyes (the ear is the orifice of the Kidney; when Kidney Water is sufficient, vision is clear). It treats emaciation and generalized Bi syndrome, pain in bones and joints (the Kidney governs bones), fright and epilepsy (heavy substances settle fright), and swollen nodules (salty flavor softens hardness). For accidentally swallowed needles or iron, take as powder; it stops bleeding from metal wounds (The Ten Categories states: "Heavy substances can dispel fear," referring to Magnetitum and Ferrum Pulveratum. The Commentary on the Classic states: "Stone drugs are all toxic, but Magnetitum is mild and harmonious, lacking fierce energy." It also tonifies the Kidney and benefits essence; however, for heavy substances, wine infusion is superior to pills and powders. Li Shizhen said: "A scholar suffered from gradually developing eye nebula. I used modified Qianghuo Shengshi Tang, assisted by Cizhu Wan, and he recovered in two months. This is because Magnetitum enters the Kidney, stabilizing and nourishing True Yin, preventing Shen Water from leaking outward; Cinnabaris (Zhusha) enters the Heart, stabilizing and nourishing Heart Blood, preventing pathogenic fire from invading upward; assisted by Shenqu to digest stagnant Qi and warm/nourish the generating Qi of the Spleen and Stomach, this follows the Daoist principle of Huangpo acting as a matchmaker between Ying'er. The formula appears in Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang*, which only mentions brightening the eyes without revealing the subtle meaning of the medication. Huangpo refers to the Spleen; Chavnü refers to the Heart; Ying'er refers to the Kidney"). Those that are black and attract iron are authentic. Calcine with fire and quench in vinegar, grind into powder, process by water levigation, or boil in vinegar for three days and nights. Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) serves as a guiding herb. It kills iron and dissolves gold. Adverses Peony Root (Mudanpi).
Qingshi (Lingstone): Heavy in nature, purges phlegm. Sweet and salty, toxic, heavy and sinking. Its green color enters the Liver. Processed with Niter (Xiaoshi), it pacifies the Liver and directs Qi downward, serving as a supreme drug for treating fright and promoting phlegm discharge (when expectorating phlegm, sprinkling stone powder on the water surface causes the phlegm to sink immediately. Wang Yinjun created Mengshi Guntan Wan, capable of treating hundred diseases. Formula: Mengshi and Yanxiao each 2 liang, ground and water-leaved to obtain 1 liang pure powder; Dahuang steamed in wine 8 liang; Huangqin washed in wine 8 liang; Chenxiang 5 qian. Grind into powder, make water pills, administer according to deficiency or excess. Li Shizhen said: "Excessive Wind-Wood overacts upon Spleen-Earth, causing Qi stagnation and failure of transformation, leading to accumulation and phlegm formation, obstructing the Upper and Middle Jiao, and generating various syndromes. Mengshi is heavy and sinking; Xiaoshi is dispersing and rapid, allowing phlegm accumulations to be unblocked and cleared, thereby eliminating various syndromes"). Contraindicated in cases of Qi deficiency and Spleen deficiency. Hard, fine, green-black with white star-like spots inside. Mix equal parts of Xiaoshi and Qingshi, crush and blend evenly, place in a crucible and calcine until the niter is exhausted and the stone turns golden. Stones without golden stars are not used medicinally. Grind into powder, process by water levigation to remove niter toxicity before use.