味咸，性寒，有毒。入心、肾二经。恶沙参、蜚蠊。去肋，酥炙。
补肾退骨蒸，养心增智慧。固大肠而止泻痢，除崩漏而截 疟。小儿囟门不合， 疮腐
臭难
闻。治软弱之四肢，愈赤白之带下。
龟禀北方之气，故有补阴之功，若入丸散须研极细，恐着人肠胃，变为瘕也。（煎成胶
良）龟
鹿皆永年，龟首藏向腹，能通任脉，取下甲以补肾补血，皆阴也。鹿鼻反向尾，能通督脉，
取上角以补火补气，皆阳也。
肾虚而无热者不用。
味咸，性寒，无毒。入肝经。恶矾。酒浸一宿，炙黄。
解骨间蒸热，消心腹症瘕。妇人漏下五色，小儿胁下坚疼。
鳖色青，主治皆肝证。龟色黑，主治皆肾证。同归补阴，实有分别。龟甲以自败者为佳。
鳖
甲以不经汤煮者为佳。肝无热者忌之。鳖肉凉血补阴，亦治疟痢，唯冷而难消，脾虚者，大
忌。
味辛、性寒，无毒。入肺、胃二经。恶莽草、巴豆。畏铁。
营卫伤于风寒，青龙收佐使之勋。相付囚于火热，白虎定为君之剂。头疼齿痛肌肤热，
入胃
而搜逐。消渴阳狂逆气起，入肺以驱除。口干舌焦，可得效也。中暑自汗、又何患焉。
气味俱薄，体重而沉，少壮火热之人，功如反掌；老弱虚寒之人，祸不旋踵。极能寒胃、
使
人肠滑不能食，非有大热者，切勿轻投。
熟石膏∶ 熟，研极细末。外用可生皮，治疮口不敛。与少量赤石脂为伍，酌加冰片，
掺之
有良效。
味咸，性寒，有毒。入心、肾二经（药物归经指药物对机体某部分的选择性作用，此处指作用于心脏和肾脏经络）。畏恶沙参、蜚蠊（一种昆虫，即蟑螂）。去除肋部杂质，用酥油炙烤后使用。
补肾气以退除骨蒸潮热（阴虚发热，感觉热自骨髓深处向外透发），滋养心神以增加智慧。固摄大肠以止住泻痢，消除崩漏（非经期大量阴道出血）并截断疟疾。治疗小儿囟门不合（婴儿头顶骨缝未闭合），疮疡腐烂且气味臭不可闻。治愈四肢软弱无力，痊愈赤白带下（阴道分泌物色红或白）。
龟禀受北方水气，因此具有补益阴精的功效，如果制作成丸剂或散剂必须研磨得极细，恐怕附着在人的肠胃中，形成瘕积（腹内结块）。煎制成胶状则效果良好。龟和鹿都是长寿动物，龟头缩向腹部，能通达任脉（奇经八脉之一，主一身之阴），取下甲片用来补肾补血，都属于阴类。鹿鼻反向尾部，能通达督脉（奇经八脉之一，主一身之阳），取下角用来补火补气，都属于阳类。
肾虚但没有热象的人不使用。
味咸，性寒，无毒。入肝经。畏恶矾石。用酒浸泡一夜，炙烤至黄色。
解除骨骼间的蒸热，消除心腹部的症瘕积聚（腹内结块，固定不移为症，聚散无常为瘕）。治疗妇人五色带下漏血，小儿胁下坚硬疼痛。
鳖颜色青，主治的都是肝病证候。龟颜色黑，主治的都是肾病证候。两者都归于补阴，但实际上有区别。龟甲以自然死亡腐烂后的为佳。鳖甲以未经过汤煮处理的为佳。肝脏没有热象的人忌用。鳖肉能凉血补阴，也治疗疟疾和痢疾，但性质冷且难以消化，脾虚的人非常忌讳。
味辛、性寒，无毒。入肺、胃二经。畏恶莽草、巴豆。畏惧铁器。
营卫之气被风寒所伤，青龙汤（解表剂，用于风寒表实证）作为辅助佐使的药物发挥功效。相火（病理性的火热）被困于火热之中，白虎汤（清热剂，用于阳明气分热盛）定为君药的主方。头痛、牙痛、肌肤发热，进入胃部而搜逐邪热。消渴（糖尿病类症状）、阳气狂乱、逆气上起，进入肺部以驱除病邪。口干舌焦，可以得到疗效。中暑导致自汗，又有什么可担忧的呢？
石膏气味俱薄，质地重而沉，对于年轻力壮、体内有实火的人，药效如反掌般容易见效；对于年老体弱、虚寒体质的人，灾祸随即而至。极能寒凉胃气，使人肠滑不能进食，如果不是有大热证，千万不要轻易投用。
熟石膏：经过煅烧成熟，研磨成极细粉末。外用可以生肌长皮，治疗疮口不愈合。与少量赤石脂配合，酌情加入冰片，撒敷有良好的疗效。
Salty, cold in nature, toxic. Enters the Heart and Kidney meridians. Averse to Adenophorae Radix (Shashen) and Blatta orientalis (Feilian). Remove the ribs, fry with butter.
Tonifies the Kidney to alleviate steaming bone sensation (a sensation of heat emanating from the bones, typical of Yin deficiency), nourishes the Heart to enhance wisdom. Secures the Large Intestine to stop diarrhea and dysentery, eliminates metrorrhagia (abnormal uterine bleeding) and interrupts malaria. Treats infants with unclosed fontanelles, and foul-smelling rotting sores. Cures weakness of the four limbs, heals leukorrhea mixed with blood (red and white vaginal discharge).
The turtle inherits the Qi of the North, thus possessing the function of tonifying Yin. If used in pills or powders, it must be ground extremely fine, lest it adhere to the intestines and stomach and form a mass (Jia). When decocted into gelatin, it is excellent. Both turtles and deer are long-lived; the turtle's head retracts towards the abdomen, connecting with the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel); its shell is taken to tonify Kidney and nourish Blood, both being Yin. The deer's nose faces backward toward the tail, connecting with the Du Mai (Governing Vessel); its horns are taken to tonify Fire and Qi, both being Yang.
Not used for Kidney deficiency without heat signs.
Salty, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver meridian. Averse to Alum. Soak in wine overnight, fry until yellow.
Relieves steaming heat between the bones, dissipates masses and accumulations (Zheng Jia) in the heart and abdomen. Treats women with five-colored leukorrhea and dripping blood, and children with hardness and pain under the hypochondrium.
The softshell turtle is green, its main indications are all Liver syndromes. The turtle is black, its main indications are all Kidney syndromes. Both return to tonifying Yin, yet there is a real distinction. Turtle shell is best when naturally decayed. Softshell turtle shell is best when not boiled in water. Contraindicated for those with no heat in the Liver. Softshell turtle meat cools blood and tonifies Yin, also treating malaria and dysentery, but it is cold and hard to digest; strongly contraindicated for those with Spleen deficiency.
Acrid, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Stomach meridians. Averse to Aconitum coreanum (Mangcao) and Ricini Fructus (Badou). Fears iron.
When Ying and Wei (Defensive and Nutritive Qi) are injured by Wind-Cold, Qinglong Tang (Blue Dragon Decoction) serves as the assistant and guide. When Ministerial Fire is trapped by Heat, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is established as the sovereign formula. Headache, toothache, and skin heat: enters the Stomach to search out and expel. Polydipsia, manic Yang, and rising rebellious Qi: enters the Lung to drive them out. Dry mouth and scorched tongue: efficacy can be obtained. Summerheat with spontaneous sweating: what worry is there?
Its aroma and flavor are thin, its weight is heavy and sinking. For young, strong individuals with excess fire, its effect is like turning over a hand; for the old, weak, and deficient-cold constitution, disaster follows immediately. It severely chills the Stomach, causing loose bowels and inability to eat. Unless there is extreme heat, do not administer lightly.
Calcined Gypsum: Calcined, ground into an extremely fine powder. Externally applied, it promotes flesh regeneration and treats non-healing ulcers. Combined with a small amount of Red Halloysite (Chishizhi) and appropriate amounts of Borneol (Bingpian), sprinkling it yields good results.