甘，平，无毒。手足厥阴药也。生用性滑，行血消瘀，通经脉而利小便，祛心腹膀胱寒
热诸
邪，疗打扑损伤疮疖诸肿。炒黑性涩，止一切吐衄崩带，便血痢血。煎止泄精。
处处有之，以泰州者为良。初生嫩叶出水时红白色。至夏抽茎于丛叶中，花抱茎端如槌，
俗
名蒲棒是也，蒲棒即花中蕊屑也。
心腹血气痛，同灵脂末服。（验方第一。）
舌胀满口，为末掺之。又同干姜末掺之。（第二。）
重舌生疮，以末敷之。（第三。）
衄血，同青黛新水下。（第四。）
吐血唾血，二两，每凉水下三钱。（第五。）
吐血不已，为末，生地汤下。（第六。）
小便血。同上。（第七。）
金疮出血，常服之。（第八。）
胎动欲产，井华水下。脉散者，急加参。（第九。）
胞衣不下。同上。（第十。）
产后血瘀，水煎三两。（十一。）
儿枕血瘕米汤下。（十二。）
产后烦闷，东流水下。（十三。）
坠伤扑损内瘀，酒下。（十四。）
阴处湿痒，为末敷之，四度良。（十五。）
耳出脓，掺之。（十六。）
耳中出血，炒黑掺之。（十七。）
口耳大血，急以帛缚两乳，同阿胶、生地煎服。（十八。）
即水中小浮萍，非大苹也。
辛，酸，无毒。入手太阴经。除肤热而解表，消瘾疹而祛风，下水气而利小便，止瘙痒
而解
消渴，麻痹瘫痪之疾，打扑吐血之 。
处处池泽水中有之。春生，或云杨柳花所化。一叶经宿即生数叶，叶下有微须，即其根
也。
一种背面皆绿者。一种面青背紫赤若血者，谓之紫背浮萍，入药为良。七月采之，取贮筛中
，筛下坐大盆水，即易干也。
甘，平，无毒。手足厥阴药也。生用性滑，行血消瘀，通经脉而利小便，祛心腹膀胱寒热诸邪，疗打扑损伤疮疖诸肿。炒黑性涩，止一切吐衄崩带，便血痢血。煎止泄精。
处处有之，以泰州者为良。初生嫩叶出水时红白色。至夏抽茎于丛叶中，花抱茎端如槌，俗名蒲棒是也，蒲棒即花中蕊屑也。
心腹血气痛，同灵脂末服。（验方第一。）
舌胀满口，为末掺之。又同干姜末掺之。（第二。）
重舌生疮，以末敷之。（第三。）
衄血，同青黛新水下。（第四。）
吐血唾血，二两，每凉水下三钱。（第五。）
吐血不已，为末，生地汤下。（第六。）
小便血。同上。（第七。）
金疮出血，常服之。（第八。）
胎动欲产，井华水下。脉散者，急加参。（第九。）
胞衣不下。同上。（第十。）
产后血瘀，水煎三两。（十一。）
儿枕血瘕米汤下。（十二。）
产后烦闷，东流水下。（十三。）
坠伤扑损内瘀，酒下。（十四。）
阴处湿痒，为末敷之，四度良。（十五。）
耳出脓，掺之。（十六。）
耳中出血，炒黑掺之。（十七。）
口耳大血，急以帛缚两乳，同阿胶、生地煎服。（十八。）
即水中小浮萍，非大苹也。
辛，酸，无毒。入手太阴经。除肤热而解表，消瘾疹而祛风，下水气而利小便，止瘙痒而解消渴，麻痹瘫痪之疾，打扑吐血之 。
处处池泽水中有之。春生，或云杨柳花所化。一叶经宿即生数叶，叶下有微须，即其根也。
一种背面皆绿者。一种面青背紫赤若血者，谓之紫背浮萍，入药为良。七月采之，取贮筛中，筛下坐大盆水，即易干也。
Sweet, neutral, non-toxic. It is a herb for the Foot-Shaoyin and Hand-Jueyin meridians. When used raw, its nature is slippery; it promotes blood circulation, resolves stasis, unblocks the meridians, facilitates urination, expels cold and heat pathogens in the heart, abdomen, and bladder, and treats injuries from falls and blows, as well as swelling from sores and boils. When stir-fried until blackened, its nature becomes astringent; it stops all types of vomiting, epistaxis, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, hematochezia, and dysenteric blood. Decoction stops seminal emission.
It grows everywhere, but those from Taizhou are considered superior. When the tender leaves first emerge from the water, they are red and white. In summer, stems shoot up among the dense leaves, with flowers clustered at the stem tips like clubs; this is commonly known as "Pubang" (cattail flower spike), which refers to the pollen/dust within the flowers.
For pain due to blood and qi stagnation in the heart and abdomen, take together with powder of Datongcao (Lingzhi). (Verified Formula 1.)
For tongue swelling filling the mouth, apply as powder. Alternatively, mix with powder of Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and apply. (Formula 2.)
For double tongue with sores, apply powder topically. (Formula 3.)
For epistaxis, take with Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) and fresh boiled water. (Formula 4.)
For hematemesis and spitting blood, take two liang, three qian each time with cool boiled water. (Formula 5.)
If hematemesis persists, take as powder with Shengdi Tang (Rehmannia Root Decoction). (Formula 6.)
For hematuria. Same as above. (Formula 7.)
For bleeding from metal wounds, take regularly. (Formula 8.)
For fetal restlessness threatening premature labor, take with Jinghua Water (first-drawn well water). If the pulse is scattered, urgently add Renshen (Ginseng). (Formula 9.)
For retention of the placenta. Same as above. (Formula 10.)
For postpartum blood stasis, decoct three liang in water. (Formula 11.)
For Erzhen Xuejia (postpartum abdominal mass due to blood stasis), take with rice soup. (Formula 12.)
For postpartional irritability and oppression, take with flowing stream water. (Formula 13.)
For internal stasis from falls and blunt trauma, take with wine. (Formula 14.)
For dampness and itching in the genital area, apply as powder; four applications yield good results. (Formula 15.)
For otorrhea (pus discharge from ear), sprinkle powder into the ear. (Formula 16.)
For bleeding from the ear, use stir-fried blackened powder and sprinkle. (Formula 17.)
For severe bleeding from mouth and ears, urgently bind both breasts with cloth, and decoct together with Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) and Shengdi (Rehmannia Root) for oral administration. (Formula 18.)
This refers to the small duckweed found in water, not the large Spirodela.
Pungent, sour, non-toxic. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian. It clears skin heat and releases the exterior, eliminates urticaria and dispels wind, drains fluid retention and facilitates urination, stops itching and relieves thirst associated with Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst syndrome), and treats paralysis and palsy, as well as injuries from falls and blows causing hematemesis.
It grows in ponds and marshes everywhere. It sprouts in spring; some say it transforms from willow catkins. One leaf overnight multiplies into several leaves; fine roots grow beneath the leaves, which constitute its root system.
One variety has green surfaces on both sides. Another variety has a green upper surface and a purple-red lower surface resembling blood; this is called Zibei Fuping (Purple-backed Duckweed), which is superior for medicinal use. Harvest in July, place in a sieve, set the sieve over a large basin of water, and it dries easily.