一名土三七、乳香草。越人曰奶草。初生苗叶,面青背紫,叶似羊角菜多歧,秋开小黄
花如
菊,垂丝可爱。
根似芋魁,人家多种之。
按∶纲目有见肿消,云其叶似桑,治痈肿狗咬,当别是一种。采
药录∶见肿消,生溪涧中,叶有三角,枝梗皆青,根亦青色,形如菖蒲。根性凉,治诸疮毒
,行周身活血,追风散气,此又一种。名同物异。
草宝云∶治跌打损伤,消肿散瘀要药。百草镜云∶治乳痈肿毒,金疮止血,杖丹棒疮,
喉癣
双蛾,咳嗽,急慢惊风。延绿堂方∶土三七春夏用叶,秋冬用根,捣汁一钟,用水酒浆和匀
灌入,自效。
杨瘌毛入肉作痛。秘方集验∶土三七,亦名金不换,用其叶捣烂立涂,即止。
紫背天葵根也。百草镜云∶二月发苗,叶如三角酸,向阴者紫背为佳,其根如鼠屎,外
黑内
白,三月开花细白,结角亦细,四月枯。按∶东壁纲目菟葵下注云∶即紫背天葵。于主治只
言其苗,不及其根之用,今为补之。(出金华诸暨深山石罅间者,根大而佳。春生夏枯,秋
冬罕有。)
性凉清热,治痈疽肿毒,疔疮 ,跌扑疯犬伤,七种疝气,痔疮劳伤(百草镜)。
傅药∶医宗汇编∶用紫背天葵子,每岁用一粒,用鲫鱼捣烂,敷之立消。
瘰 ∶救生苦海∶用千年老鼠屎捣碎,同好酒入瓶煮一炷香,隔三日,随意饮醉,盖被
取汗
,数次自效。
黄宾江传天葵丸,专治瘰 。紫背天葵一两五钱、海藻、海带、昆布、贝母、桔梗、各
一两
。海螵蛸五钱、共为细末,酒糊丸,如梧桐子大,每服七十丸,食后温酒下,此方用桔梗开
提诸气,贝母消毒化痰,海藻昆布以软坚核,治瘰 之圣药也。
诸疝初起∶经验集∶凡疝初起,必发寒热疼痛,欲成囊痈者,用荔枝核十四枚,小茴香
二钱
酒二坛,频服即愈。
见肿消,又名土三七、乳香草。浙江人称之为奶草。它初生时的苗叶,正面呈青色,背面呈紫色,叶片形状像羊角菜且分枝较多,秋季开出黄色小花,形态如同菊花,垂下的花丝十分可爱。根部类似芋头块茎,许多人家都种植它。
考证:《本草纲目》中记载的“见肿消”,说它的叶子像桑叶,能治疗痈肿和狗咬伤,这应当是另一种植物。《采药录》记载:“见肿消”生长在溪涧之中,叶子呈三角形,枝条和梗都是青色的,根也是青色,形状像菖蒲。其根部性质凉,能治疗各种疮毒,通行周身活血,追风散气,这是又一种不同的植物。名称相同但实物不同。
《草宝》记载:它是治疗跌打损伤、消肿散瘀的重要药物。《百草镜》记载:能治疗乳痈(乳腺炎)肿毒、金创(金属利器造成的伤口)止血、杖刑或棒击造成的疮伤、喉癣、双蛾(扁桃体肿大)、咳嗽、急慢惊风。《延绿堂方》记载:土三七在春夏季节用叶子,秋冬季节用根,捣取汁液一杯,用水、酒、浆混合均匀后灌服,自然见效。
杨瘌毛(一种寄生虫或皮肤症状)侵入肉中引起疼痛。《秘方集验》记载:土三七,又名金不换,用其叶子捣烂立即涂抹,疼痛即可停止。
紫背天葵指的是它的根。《百草镜》记载:二月发出苗芽,叶子像三角酸模,朝向阴面的叶子背面呈紫色为佳品,其根像老鼠屎一样,外面黑色里面白色,三月开出细小的白花,结的角也很细,四月枯萎。考证:李时珍《本草纲目》在“菟葵”下注释说:“就是紫背天葵。”但对于主治功效只提到了苗的作用,没有提到根的功效,现在为此补充。(产自浙江金华诸暨深山石缝间的,根大且品质好。春天生长夏天枯萎,秋冬很少见到。)
性质凉,能清热,治疗痈疽肿毒、疔疮、跌扑损伤及疯狗咬伤、七种疝气、痔疮劳伤(出自《百草镜》)。
外用敷药方法:《医宗汇编》记载:使用紫背天葵子,每年只用一粒,与鲫鱼一起捣烂,敷在患处,立刻消散。
瘰疬(颈部淋巴结结核):《救生苦海》记载:使用千年老鼠屎捣碎,同好酒放入瓶中煮一炷香的时间,每隔三天,随意饮用至醉,盖上被子发汗,数次后自然见效。
黄宾江传授的天葵丸,专门治疗瘰疬。配方为:紫背天葵一两五钱、海藻、海带、昆布、贝母、桔梗,各一两。海螵蛸五钱,共研为细末,用酒糊制成丸药,大小如梧桐子,每次服用七十丸,饭后用温酒送下。此方中用桔梗开提诸气,贝母消毒化痰,海藻、昆布用来软化坚硬的核结,是治疗瘰疬的圣药。
各种疝气初起:《经验集》记载:凡是疝气初起,必定出现寒热交替和疼痛,想要形成囊痈的情况,使用荔枝核十四枚,小茴香二钱,酒两坛,频繁服用即可痊愈。
Jianzhongxiao (See-Swelling-Down Herb), also known as Tu Sanqi (Earth Seven-Treasure) and Ruxiangcao (Milk Fragrant Herb). People in Zhejiang call it Naicao (Milk Grass). When first sprouting, the seedlings and leaves are green on the surface and purple on the back. The leaves resemble those of *Brassica chinensis* var. *parachinensis* (Yangjiaocai) with many branches. In autumn, it opens small yellow flowers resembling chrysanthemums, with hanging filaments that are lovely to behold. The root resembles a taro corm, and many households cultivate it.
According to research: *Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica) records "Jianzhongxiao," stating its leaves resemble mulberry leaves and it treats carbuncles, swellings, and dog bites; this must be a different species. *Caiyao Lu* (Record of Herb Collection) states: "Jianzhongxiao" grows in streams and ravines, has triangular leaves, green stems and stalks, and green roots shaped like *Acorus tatarinowii* (Changpu). Its root is cool in nature, treats various sores and toxins, promotes blood circulation throughout the body, expels wind and disperses qi. This is yet another distinct species. Same name, different substance.
*Cao Bao* (Grass Treasure) records: It is an essential herb for treating traumatic injuries from falls and blows, reducing swelling, and dissipating blood stasis. *Baicao Jing* (Mirror of Hundred Herbs) records: It treats ru Yong (breast abscess) and swellings/toxins, stops bleeding from metal wounds (Jin Chuang), treats sores from beating with sticks or clubs, throat xuan (throat lichen), Shuang E (double tonsillar hypertrophy), cough, acute and chronic convulsive diseases (Ji Man Jing Feng). *Yanlutang Fang* (Prescriptions from Yanlu Hall) records: For Tu Sanqi, use leaves in spring and summer, and roots in autumn and winter. Crush and extract one cup of juice, mix evenly with water, wine, and fermented grain liquid, then administer orally; it will naturally prove effective.
When Yang Lamao (a type of parasitic skin condition or larva) enters the flesh causing pain: *Mifang Jiyuan* (Collection of Secret Formulas and Proven Experiences) records: Tu Sanqi, also named Jin Buhuan (Gold Does Not Exchange), use its leaves crushed and applied immediately to stop pain.
Zibeitiankui refers to the root of *Ottelia acuminata*. *Baicao Jing* records: Sprouts appear in the second lunar month; leaves resemble *Rumex acetosella* (Triangular Sorrel); those shaded with purple backs are considered best. The root resembles rat droppings, black outside and white inside. It blooms with fine white flowers in the third lunar month, forms fine pods, and withers in the fourth lunar month. According to research: Li Shizhen's annotation under "Tu Kui" in *Bencao Gangmu* states: "It is Zibeitiankui." However, regarding therapeutic indications, only the use of the seedlings is mentioned, omitting the use of the root. This is now supplemented. (Those produced in the crevices of deep mountains in Zhuji, Jinhua, have large roots and are of superior quality. They grow in spring and wither in summer; rarely seen in autumn and winter.)
Nature is cool, clears heat, treats yong ju (carbuncles and sores), swellings and toxins, ding chuang (carbuncle-like lesions), traumatic injuries from falls, and mad dog bites; treats seven types of hernia (Qi Zhong Shen Qi), hemorrhoids, and劳伤 (consumptive injury/strain) (*Baicao Jing*).
External application method: *Yizong Huibian* (Compilation of Medical Classics) records: Use one seed of Zibeitiankui per year, crush together with crucian carp, apply externally, and it will dissipate immediately.
Luo Li (Scrofula/Cervical Tuberculosis): *Jiusheng Kuhai* (Sea of Bitterness Saving Lives) records: Crush "Thousand-Year Rat Droppings" (Millennium Mouse Droppings), place in a bottle with good wine, boil for the time it takes to burn one incense stick. Every three days, drink until intoxicated at will, cover with blankets to induce sweating; after several times, it will naturally prove effective.
The Tiankui Wan (Heavenly Dew Pill) passed down by Huang Binjiang specializes in treating Luo Li. Formula: Zibeitiankui 1.5 qian, Haizao (Sargassum), Haidai (Kelp), Kunbu (Ecklonia), Beimu (Fritillaria), Jiegeng (Platycodon), each 1 liang. Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlebone) 0.5 liang. All are ground into fine powder, mixed with wine paste to form pills the size of Chinese honeylocust seeds. Take 70 pills per dose, washed down with warm wine after meals. In this formula, Jiegeng lifts and opens all qi, Beimu eliminates toxicity and transforms phlegm, Haizao and Kunbu soften hard nodules. It is a sacred medicine for treating Luo Li.
Initial stage of various hernias: *Jingyan Ji* (Collection of Experienced Prescriptions) records: Whenever a hernia first arises, it must present with alternating cold and fever, pain, and threatens to become a nong yong (scrotal abscess). Use 13 lychee seeds (Lizhi He), Xiao Huixiang (Fennel) 2 qian, and 2 tan of wine. Frequent consumption leads to recovery.