汪连仕云∶草生海岛，其性最行气，味甚猛烈，色绿如翠，能入气分血分，消积气，散
郁血
，续筋骨，土人以煎膏疗病，治内外一切症。其汁即阿魏，近日方士于后营打枝巷叶家园取
树脂伪充射利，又有以秦皮代充者，真者亦稀见矣。
（六十五种 附十六种）
土贝
今名象贝。去心炒。百草镜云∶浙贝出象山，俗呼象贝母。皮糙味苦，独颗无瓣，顶圆
心斜
，入药选圆白而小者佳。叶喑斋云∶宁波象山所出贝母，亦分两瓣，味苦而不甜，其顶平
而
不尖，不能如川贝之象荷花蕊也。土人于象贝中拣出一二与川贝形似者，以水浸去苦味，晒
干，充川贝卖，但川贝与象贝性各不同；象贝苦寒，解毒利痰，开宣肺气。凡肺家挟风火有
痰者宜此。川贝味甘而补肺，不若用象贝治风火痰嗽为佳。若虚寒咳嗽，以川贝为宜。
张景岳云∶味大苦，性寒，阴也，降也，乃手太阴少阳足阳明厥阴之药。大治肺痈肺痿
咳喘
，吐血衄血，最降痰气，善开郁结，止疼痛，消胀满，清肝火，明耳目，除时气烦热，黄胆
淋闭，便血溺血，解热毒，杀诸虫，及疗喉痹瘰 ，乳痈发背，一切痈疡肿毒，湿热恶疮痔
漏，金疮出血，火疮疼痛，为末可敷。煎汤可服。性味俱浓，较之川贝母清降之功，不啻数
倍。反乌头，又解上焦肺胃之火。
张石顽本经逢原云∶贝母浙产者，治疝瘕喉痹乳痈，金疮风痉，一切痈疡，同苦参当归。
治
妊娠小便难，同青黛治人面恶疮。同连翘治项上结核。皆取其开郁散结化痰解毒之功也。
吹喉散∶经验广集∶治咽喉十八症俱效。大黑枣每个去核，装入五倍子一个去虫研，象
贝一
个去心研，用泥裹煨存性，共研极细末，加薄荷叶末少许，冰片少许，贮瓷瓶内，临用吹患
处，任其呕出痰涎数次，即愈。
对口∶杨春涯验方∶象贝母研末敷之，神效。
汪连仕说：这种草生长在海岛上，它的行气作用最强，味道非常猛烈，颜色绿如翡翠，能进入气分和血分，消除积滞之气，疏散郁结之血，接续筋骨。当地人用它煎制膏药来治疗疾病，可以治愈内外各种病症。它的汁液就是阿魏，最近有些方士在后营打枝巷叶家园采集树脂伪充以谋取利益，又有用秦皮代替充数的，真正的药材也已经很少见到了。
（共六十五种，附十六种）
土贝
现在的名字叫象贝。去掉心部后炒制。《百草镜》说：浙贝产自象山，俗称象贝母。外皮粗糙，味道苦，只有一颗没有瓣，顶部圆而心部斜。入药时选择圆润、白色且小的为佳。叶喑斋说：宁波象山出产的贝母，也分为两瓣，味道苦而不甜，顶部平而不尖，不能像川贝那样像荷花蕊的形状。当地人在象贝中挑选出一两个与川贝形状相似的，用水浸泡去除苦味，晒干后冒充川贝出售。但是川贝和象贝的药性各不相同；象贝味苦性寒，能解毒利痰，开宣肺气。凡是肺脏夹杂风火且有痰的患者适宜使用此药。川贝味甘并能补肺，不如用象贝治疗风火引起的痰嗽效果好。如果是虚寒咳嗽，则使用川贝为宜。
张景岳说：味道极苦，性寒，属阴，具有下降的作用，是手太阴肺经、少阳胆经、足阳明胃经和厥阴肝经的药物。主要治疗肺痈、肺痿、咳喘、吐血、衄血，最能降泄痰气，善于开通郁结，止疼痛，消除胀满，清肝火，使耳目清明，除去时行热病引起的烦热，黄疸、淋证、小便闭塞、便血、尿血，解热毒，杀灭各种寄生虫，以及治疗喉痹、瘰疬、乳痈、发背，一切痈疡肿毒，湿热恶疮、痔漏，金创出血，火烫伤疼痛，研成末可以外敷，煎汤可以内服。药性和气味都很浓厚，比起川贝母的清热降泄功效，不止强数倍。反作用于乌头，又能解除上焦肺胃之火。
张石顽在《本经逢原》中说：浙江产的贝母，治疗疝气、瘕块、喉痹、乳痈，金创引起的风痉，一切痈疡，可与苦参、当归同用。治疗妊娠期间小便困难，可与青黛同用治疗人面恶疮。与连翘同用治疗颈部结核。都是利用它开郁散结、化痰解毒的功效。
吹喉散：出自《经验广集》，治疗咽喉十八种病症都有效。取大黑枣每个去核，装入一个去虫的五倍子研细，一个去心的象贝研细，用泥包裹煨至存性，共同研磨成极细的粉末，加入少许薄荷叶末和少许冰片，储存在瓷瓶中，使用时吹患处，任其呕吐出痰涎数次，即可痊愈。
对口疮：杨春涯验方：将象贝母研成末外敷，效果神奇。
Wang Lianshi stated: This herb grows on islands; its qi-moving property is the strongest, its taste is extremely pungent and intense, its color is green like jade. It can enter both the Qi and Blood levels, eliminate stagnant Qi, dissipate constrained Blood, and knit bones and sinews. Locals decoct it into a plaster to treat diseases, curing all internal and external conditions. Its juice is Asafoetida (Wei). Recently, some quacks have collected resin from Ye Jiayuan in Houying Dazhixiang to pass off as this herb for profit, and others use Cortex Fraxini (Qinpi) as a substitute. The genuine article is now rarely seen.
(Sixty-five species included, with sixteen supplementary species)
Tu Bei (Fritillaria Thunbergii Bulb)
Currently known as Xiang Bei. Remove the heart and stir-fry. *Baicao Jing* states: Zhe Bei originates from Xiangshan, commonly called Xiang Bei Mu. The skin is rough, the taste is bitter, it consists of a single bulb without scales, the top is round, and the center is slanted. For medicinal use, select those that are round, white, and small. Ye Yinzhai stated: The Fritillaria produced in Xiangshan, Ningbo, also divides into two scales, tastes bitter but not sweet, has a flat and non-pointed top, and does not resemble the stamen of a lotus flower like Chuan Bei. Locals pick out one or two bulbs from Xiang Bei that resemble Chuan Bei, soak them in water to remove the bitterness, dry them, and sell them as Chuan Bei. However, Chuan Bei and Xiang Bei have different properties; Xiang Bei is bitter and cold, detoxifies, benefits phlegm resolution, and opens/disperses Lung Qi. It is suitable for cases where the Lung is complicated by Wind-Heat with Phlegm. Chuan Bei is sweet and tonifies the Lung; it is not as good as using Xiang Bei to treat coughs due to Wind-Heat and Phlegm. For deficiency-cold coughs, Chuan Bei is appropriate.
Zhang Jingyue stated: It is extremely bitter and cold, Yin in nature, descending. It acts on the Hand Taiyin (Lung), Shaoyang (Gallbladder), Foot Yangming (Stomach), and Jueyin (Liver) meridians. It primarily treats Lung abscess, Lung flaccidity, coughing and wheezing, hematemesis, and epistaxis. It best descends Phlegm-Qi, excellently opens constraints and dissipates nodules, stops pain, eliminates distension and fullness, clears Liver Fire, brightens the eyes and ears, removes irritability and fever from seasonal pathogens, jaundice, stranguria, urinary obstruction, hematochezia, and hematuria. It resolves heat toxins, kills various parasites, and treats throat obstruction, scrofula, mastitis, back carbuncles, all sores and ulcers, damp-heat malignant sores, hemorrhoids and fistulas, traumatic bleeding, burn pain. When ground into powder, it can be applied externally; when decocted in water, it can be taken internally. Its nature and flavor are both strong. Compared to the clearing and descending efficacy of Chuan Bei Mu, it is several times stronger. It is incompatible with Aconitum (Wutou) and can resolve Fire in the Upper Jiao (Lung and Stomach).
Zhang Shiwan in *Benjing Fengyuan* stated: Zhejiang-produced Beimu treats hernia, masses, throat obstruction, mastitis, traumatic wind-spasm, and all sores/ulcers; it can be used together with Sophora Root (Kushen) and Angelica Sinensis (Danggui). To treat difficult urination during pregnancy, it can be used together with Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai) to treat malignant facial sores. Used together with Forsythia (Lianqiao) to treat cervical lymphadenopathy. All these utilize its ability to open constraints, dissipate nodules, resolve phlegm, and detoxify.
Chui Hou San (Throat Blowing Powder): From *Jingyan Guangji*, effective for eighteen types of throat disorders. Take large black dates, remove the pits, insert one gum arabic (Wubeizi) free of insects, grind finely. Take one Tu Bei (Xiang Bei), remove the heart, grind finely. Wrap in mud and roast until carbonized (preserving properties). Grind all together into an extremely fine powder. Add a small amount of Mint Leaf (Bohe Ye) powder and a small amount of Borneol (Bingpian). Store in a porcelain bottle. When needed, blow onto the affected area. Allow the patient to vomit out phlegm and saliva several times, and it will heal.
Duikou Sore (Opposite-to-umbilicus Carbuncle): Verified prescription by Yang Chunya: Grind Xiang Bei Mu into powder and apply externally. Miraculous effect.