（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶生江南川谷荫地，苗如萱草，其根似天门冬。凡用抽去心。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】润五脏，止消渴，除烦去热，明目，功如麦门冬
（《纲目》）
【释名】根名碎骨子。
时珍曰∶竹叶象形。碎骨言其下胎也。
【集解】时珍曰∶处处原野有之。春生苗，高数寸，细茎绿叶，俨如竹米落地所生细竹
之茎叶。其根一窠数十须，须上结子，与麦门冬一样，但坚硬尔，随时采之。八九月抽茎，
结小长穗。俚人采其根苗，捣汁和米作酒曲，甚芳烈。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】叶∶去烦热，利小便，清心。根∶能堕胎催生
（跖音只。宋《嘉 》补）
【释名】鸡舌草（《拾遗》）、碧竹子（同上）
淡竹叶（同上）、耳环草（同上）、
藏器曰∶鸭跖生江东、淮南平地。叶如竹，高一二尺，花深碧，好为色，有角如鸟嘴。
时珍曰∶竹叶菜处处平地有之。三四月出苗，紫茎竹叶，嫩时可食。四、五月开花，如
蛾形，两叶如翅，碧色可爱。结角尖曲如鸟喙，实在角中，大如小豆。豆中有细子，灰黑而
皱，状如蚕屎。巧匠采其花，取汁作画色及彩羊皮灯，青碧如黛也。
苗
【气味】苦，大寒，无毒。
【主治】寒热瘴疟，痰饮疔肿，肉症涩滞，小儿丹毒，发热狂痫，大腹痞满，身面气肿，
热痢，蛇犬咬、痈疽等毒（藏器）。和赤小豆煮食，下水气湿痹，利小便（大明）。消喉痹（时
珍）。
【附方】新四。
小便不通∶竹鸡草一两，车前草一两，捣汁入蜜少许，空心服之。（《集简方》）
下痢赤白∶蓝姑草（即淡竹叶菜），煎汤日服之。（《活幼全书》）
喉痹肿痛∶鸭跖草汁点之。（《袖珍方》）
五痔肿痛∶耳环草（一名碧蝉儿花）， 软纳患处，即效。（危亦林《得效方》）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】陈藏器说：生长在江南河流山谷的阴湿之地，苗叶像萱草，根部像天门冬。使用时需抽去中心部分。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
【主治】滋润五脏，止渴，消除烦热，明目，功效如同麦门冬（Ophiopogonis Radix）。
（出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】根名为碎骨子。
李时珍说：名字因叶片形状像竹叶而得名。“碎骨”是指其具有下胎（堕胎）的作用。
【集解】李时珍说：各地原野都有生长。春天生出苗，高数寸，茎细叶绿，完全像竹米落地后生出的细竹的茎叶。它的根一个丛簇有几十条须根，须根上结籽，与麦门冬一样，只是质地坚硬罢了，随时可以采集。八九月抽茎，结小长穗。民间人采集其根和苗，捣汁混合米制作酒曲，味道非常芳香猛烈。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。
【主治】叶：去除烦热，通利小便，清心。根：能堕胎、催生。
（“跖”音同“只”。宋代《嘉祐本草》补入）
【释名】鸡舌草（出自《本草拾遗》）、碧竹子（同上）、淡竹叶（同上）、耳环草（同上）。
陈藏器说：鸭跖草生长在江东、淮南的平地。叶子像竹叶，高一二尺，花色深碧，颜色很好，有角像鸟嘴。
李时珍说：竹叶菜在各地平地都有生长。三四月出苗，紫茎绿叶，嫩时可食用。四、五月开花，形状像蛾，两片花瓣像翅膀，碧色可爱。结出的角尖曲像鸟喙，种子实在角中，大小如小豆。豆中有细小的种子，灰黑色且皱缩，形状像蚕屎。巧匠采集它的花，取汁液作为绘画颜料及彩色羊皮灯的染料，青碧得像黛色一样。
苗
【气味】味苦，大寒，无毒。
【主治】寒热瘴疟，痰饮疔肿，肉症涩滞，小儿丹毒，发热狂痫，大腹痞满，身面气肿，热痢，蛇犬咬伤、痈疽等毒（陈藏器）。与赤小豆一起煮食，可下水气湿痹，通利小便（苏颂）。消除喉痹（李时珍）。
【附方】新收录四方。
小便不通：竹鸡草一两，车前草一两，捣汁加入少许蜂蜜，空腹服用。（出自《集简方》）
下痢赤白：蓝姑草（即淡竹叶菜），煎汤每日服用。（出自《活幼全书》）
喉痹肿痛：用鸭跖草汁点涂患处。（出自《袖珍方》）
五痔肿痛：耳环草（一名碧蝉儿花），软化后纳入患处，立即见效。（危亦林《得效方》）
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: It grows in the shady places of rivers and valleys in Jiangnan. The seedlings resemble those of *Hemerocallis citrina* (Daylily), and its root resembles *Asparagi Radix* (Tianmendong). When used, the core should be removed.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Moistens the five zang organs, relieves thirst, eliminates vexation and heat, brightens the eyes; its efficacy is similar to that of *Ophiopogonis Radix* (Maidong).
(From *Bencao Gangmu* [Compendium of Materia Medica])
[Names] The root is called Suigu Zi (Bone-Crushing Seed).
Li Shizhen said: The name derives from the leaf shape resembling bamboo leaves. "Suigu" refers to its ability to induce abortion (expel the fetus).
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: It grows in fields and wilderness everywhere. Seedlings emerge in spring, several inches high, with slender stems and green leaves, exactly like the stems and leaves of fine bamboo sprouting from fallen bamboo seeds. One clump has dozens of fibrous roots; on these roots form seeds, identical to *Ophiopogonis Radix*, but harder. It can be harvested at any time. In the eighth and ninth lunar months, it sends up flower stalks bearing small, elongated spikes. Villagers harvest its roots and seedlings, crush them to extract juice, mix it with rice to make yeast for wine, which is very fragrant and potent.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Leaves: Eliminate vexation and heat, promote urination, clear the Heart. Roots: Can induce abortion and facilitate delivery.
("Zhi" pronounced as "zhi". Added in the Song Dynasty's *Jiayou Bencao*).
[Names] Jishe Cao (Chicken Tongue Grass) (*Bencao Shiyi*), Bizhu Zi (Green Bamboo) (ibid.), Danzhuye (Light Bamboo Leaf) (ibid.), Erhuan Cao (Earring Grass) (ibid.).
Chen Zangqi said: *Commelina communis* grows in flatlands in Jiangdong and Huainan. The leaves resemble bamboo, one or two chi high, flowers are deep blue-green, a pleasing color, with pods like bird beaks.
Li Shizhen said: Zhuyecai grows in flatlands everywhere. Seedlings appear in the third and fourth lunar months, with purple stems and bamboo-like leaves, edible when tender. Flowers bloom in the fourth and fifth lunar months, shaped like moths, with two petals like wings, lovely in their azure hue. The pods are pointed and curved like bird beaks, containing seeds inside, about the size of small beans. Inside the bean are tiny seeds, gray-black and wrinkled, resembling silkworm feces. Skilled craftsmen harvest its flowers, extract the juice for use as painting pigment and dye for colored sheepskin lanterns, producing a blue-green color like dark eyebrow powder.
Seedlings
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, greatly cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Chills and fever from miasma malaria, phlegm-fluids, carbuncles and sores, stagnation due to flesh disorders, erysipelas in children, fever with mania and epilepsy, abdominal distension and fullness, edema of the body and face, dysentery with heat, snake and dog bites, toxicity from carbuncles and sores (Chen Zangqi). Boiled and eaten with *Adzuki Beans*, it drains water retention and damp-bi, promoting urination (Su Song). Relieves throat obstruction (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Four new prescriptions.
Obstruction of urination: Take 1 liang of *Commelina communis* (Zhujicai) and 1 liang of *Plantaginis Herba* (Cheqiancao), crush to extract juice, add a little honey, and take on an empty stomach. (*Jijian Fang*)
Dysentery with red and white discharge: Decoct Langucacao (i.e., *Commelina communis* seedlings) and drink daily. (*Huoyou Quanshu*)
Throat obstruction with swelling and pain: Apply juice of *Commelina communis* locally. (*Xiuzhen Fang*)
Swelling and pain of the five types of hemorrhoids: Soften Erhuancao (also known as Bicane'erhua), insert into the affected area, and effect will be immediate. (Wei Yilin, *Defang Fang*)