（《本经》上品）
【释名】旋 （苏恭）、筋根（《本经》）、续筋根（《图经》）、鼓子花（《图经》）、豚肠
草（《图经》
恭曰∶旋花即平泽旋 也。其根似筋，故一名筋根。
炳曰∶旋 ，当作 旋，音福旋，用根入药。别有旋复，音璇伏，用花入药。今云旋 ，
误矣。
颂曰∶《别录》言其根主续筋，故南人呼为续筋根。一名豚肠草，象形也。
宗 曰∶世俗谓之鼓子花，言其花形肖也。
时珍曰∶其花不作瓣状，如军中所吹鼓子，故有旋花、鼓子之名。一种千叶者，色似粉
红牡丹，俗呼为缠枝牡丹。
【集解】《别录》曰∶旋花生豫州平泽。五月采，阴干。
保升曰∶此旋 花也。所在川泽皆有。蔓生，叶似薯蓣而狭长，花红白色。根无毛节，
蒸煮堪啖，味甘美，名筋根。二月、八月采根，日干。
宗 曰∶今河北、汴西、关陕田野中甚多，最难锄艾，治之又生。四、五月开花。其根
寸截，置土灌溉，涉旬苗生。韩保升说是
时珍曰∶旋花田野塍堑皆生，逐节延蔓。叶如波菜叶而小。至秋开花，如白牵牛花，粉
红色，亦有千叶者。其根白色，大如筋。不结子。
颂曰∶黔南施州出一种旋花，粗茎大叶无花，不作蔓，恐别是一物也。
【正误】《本经》曰∶花，一名金沸。
弘景曰∶旋花东人呼为山姜，南人呼为美草。根似杜若，亦似高良姜。腹中冷痛，煮服
甚效。作丸散服，辟谷止饥。近有人从江南还，用此术与人断谷，皆得半年百日不饥不瘦。
但志浅嗜深，不能久服尔。其叶似姜，花赤色，味辛美，子状如豆蔻，此旋花即其花也。今
山东甚多。又注旋复花曰∶别有旋 根，出河南，来北国亦有，形似芎 ，惟合旋 膏用之，
余无所入。
恭曰∶旋花乃旋 花也，陶说乃山姜尔。山姜味辛，都非此类。又因旋复花名金沸，遂
作此花别名，皆误矣。又云∶从北国来者根似芎 ，芎 与高良姜全无仿佛，亦误也。
【气味】花∶甘。根∶辛，温，无毒。
时珍曰∶花、根、茎、叶并甘滑微苦，能制雄黄。
【主治】去面 黑色，媚好益气。根
续筋骨，合金疮。捣汁服，主丹毒、小儿毒热（藏器）。补劳损，益精气（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶凡藤蔓之属，象人之筋，所以多治筋病。旋花根细如筋可啖，故《本
经》言其久服不饥。时珍自京师还，见北土车夫每载之，云暮归煎汤饮，可补损伤。则益气
续筋之说，尤可征矣。
【附方】旧一，新一。
被斫断筋∶旋 根捣汁，沥疮中，仍以滓敷之，日三易。半月即断筋便续。此方出苏景
中家
獠奴，用效。（王焘《外台秘要》）
秘精益髓∶太乙金锁丹∶用五色龙骨五两，复盆子五两，莲花蕊四两（未开者，阴干），
鼓子
花三两（五月五日采之），鸡头子仁一百颗。并为末。以金樱子二百枚，去毛，木
水
七升，煎浓汁一升，去渣。和药，杵二千下，丸梧子大。每空心温盐酒下三十丸。服之至百
日，永不泄。如要泄，以冷水调车前末半合服之。忌葵菜。（萨谦斋《瑞竹堂方》）
（《神农本草经》列为上品）
【释名】旋花（苏恭称为“旋”，《神农本草经》称为“筋根”，《本草图经》称为“续筋根”、“鼓子花”、“豚肠草”）。
苏恭说：旋花就是平泽旋花。它的根部形状像筋，所以有一个名字叫筋根。
唐炳说：旋花，应当写作“旋”，读音为fú xuán，使用根部入药。另有旋复花，读音为xuán fú，使用花朵入药。现在写作“旋”，是错误的。
苏颂说：《名医别录》说它的根部主治接续断筋，所以南方人称呼它为续筋根。另一个名字叫豚肠草，是取象于其形状。
寇宗奭说：世俗称之为鼓子花，是说它的花朵形状像鼓子。
李时珍说：它的花朵不形成花瓣状，就像军队中吹奏的鼓子，所以有旋花、鼓子的名字。其中一种重瓣的品种，颜色像粉红色的牡丹，俗称为缠枝牡丹。
【集解】《名医别录》说：旋花生长在豫州的平原沼泽地带。五月采集，阴干。
韩保升说：这就是旋花。各地川泽都有生长。蔓生，叶子像薯蓣但更狭长，花朵红白色。根部没有毛和节，蒸煮后可以食用，味道甘甜美味，名叫筋根。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。
寇宗奭说：现在河北、汴西、关陕的田野中非常多，最难锄除，治理后又会长出来。四月、五月开花。将根部切成寸段，放置在土壤中灌溉，过十天幼苗就会生出。韩保升说的就是这个。
李时珍说：旋花在田野田埂沟壑中都生长，沿着节蔓延。叶子像菠菜叶但较小。到了秋天开花，像白色的牵牛花，粉红色，也有重瓣的。根部白色，粗细像筋。不结种子。
苏颂说：黔南施州出产一种旋花，茎粗叶大但没有花，不蔓生，恐怕是另一种植物。
【正误】《神农本草经》说：花，另一个名字叫金沸。
陶弘景说：东方人称呼旋花为山姜，南方人称呼为美草。根部像杜若，也像高良姜。腹部冷痛，煮服非常有效。制成丸散服用，可以辟谷止饥。最近有人从江南回来，用这种草药让人断谷，都达到了半年百日不饿不瘦的效果。只是人们志向浅薄而嗜好深重，不能长期服用罢了。它的叶子像姜，花朵赤色，味道辛辣美味，果实形状像豆蔻，这种旋花就是它的花。现在山东很多。又在注解说旋复花时说：另有旋花根，出产于河南，北方国家也有，形状像川芎，只配合制作旋花膏使用，其他方剂不用。
苏恭说：旋花就是旋花，陶弘景所说的其实是山姜。山姜味道辛辣，完全不是这一类。又因为旋复花名字叫金沸，于是把它当作这种花的别名，都是错误的。又说：从北方国家来的根部像川芎，川芎和高良姜完全没有相似之处，也是错误的。
【气味】花：甘味。根：辛味，温性，无毒。
李时珍说：花、根、茎、叶都是甘滑微苦，能制约雄黄。
【主治】去除面部黑斑，使容貌美好，益气。根部接续筋骨，治疗金疮。捣汁服用，主治丹毒、小儿热毒（藏器说）。补益劳损，增益精气（李时珍说）。
【发明】李时珍说：凡是藤蔓类的植物，形状像人的筋，所以大多治疗筋病。旋花根细如筋可以食用，所以《神农本草经》说长期服用可以不饥饿。李时珍从京城回来，看到北方车夫经常携带它，说傍晚回家煎汤饮用，可以补益损伤。那么益气续筋的说法，尤其可以得到验证了。
【附方】旧方一个，新方一个。
被砍断的筋：将旋花根捣汁，滴入伤口中，仍将药渣敷在上面，每天更换三次。半个月断筋就能接续。此方出自苏景中的家僮獠奴，使用有效。（王焘《外台秘要》）
秘精益髓：太乙金锁丹：使用五色龙骨五两，覆盆子五两，莲花蕊四两（未开放的，阴干），鼓子花三两（五月五日采集），鸡头仁一百颗。研为末。用金樱子二百枚，去毛，用水七升，煎成浓汁一升，去渣。混合药物，杵捣两千下，做成梧桐子大小的丸药。每次空腹用温盐酒送下三十丸。服用至百日，永不泄精。如果要泄精，用冷水调服半合车前子末即可。忌食葵菜。（萨谦斋《瑞竹堂方》）
(Shangpin, High Grade, in *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Names] Xuanhua (Su Gong calls it "Xuan"; *Shennong Bencao Jing* calls it "Jingen"; *Bencao Tujing* calls it "Xu Jin Gen", "Guzi Hua", "Tunchang Cao").
Su Gong said: Xuanhua is Pingze Xuanhua. Its root resembles sinews, hence the name Jingen.
Bing said: Xuanhua should be written as "Xuan" (pronounced *fuxuan*), using the root for medicine. There is also Xuanfu flower (pronounced *xuanfu*), using the flower for medicine. Writing it as "Xuan" now is incorrect.
Song said: *Bielu* states its root treats the continuation of broken sinews, so southerners call it Xu Jin Gen. Another name is Tunchang Cao, named after its shape.
Zong said: The common people call it Guzihua, referring to its flower shape resembling a drum.
Shizhen said: Its flowers do not form petal shapes, but resemble the drums blown by the military, hence the names Xuanhua and Guzihua. A variety with double petals has a color similar to pink peonies, commonly called Chanzhi Mudan.
[Collection and Explanation] *Bielu* says: Xuanhua grows in the plains and marshes of Yuzhou. Collected in May, dried in the shade.
Baosheng said: This is Xuanhua. It grows in rivers and marshes everywhere. It is creeping, leaves resemble Dioscorea but are narrower and longer, flowers are red and white. The root has no hairs or nodes, can be steamed or boiled for eating, tastes sweet and delicious, named Jingen. Roots collected in February and August, sun-dried.
Zong said: Now it is very abundant in fields in Hebei, west of Bian, and Guan-Shaanxi. It is hardest to weed, and regenerates after treatment. Flowers bloom in April and May. Cut roots into inch-long segments, place in soil and irrigate; seedlings emerge after ten days. Baosheng's description refers to this.
Shizhen said: Xuanhua grows in fields, ridges, and ditches, creeping along the nodes. Leaves are like spinach leaves but smaller. Blooms in autumn, like white Ipomoea nil, pinkish-red, some with double petals. Roots are white, thick like sinews. Does not produce seeds.
Song said: In Shizhou, southern Guizhou, there grows a type of Xuanhua with thick stems, large leaves, no flowers, and non-creeping habit; it is likely a different species.
[Correction of Errors] *Shennong Bencao Jing* says: The flower, another name is Jinfei.
Hongjing said: Easterners call Xuanhua Shanjiang, southerners call it Meicao. The root resembles Radix Zingiberis Officinalis Preparata (Du Ruo) and also resembles Radix Alpiniae Officinarum (Gaoliangjiang). For cold pain in the abdomen, boiling and taking it is very effective. Made into pills and powders, it prevents grain consumption and stops hunger. Recently, someone returned from Jiangnan and used this herb for others to stop eating grain; all achieved half a year to one hundred days without hunger or emaciation. However, people have shallow aspirations and deep desires, unable to take it for long. Its leaves resemble ginger, flowers are crimson, taste pungent and delicious, fruits resemble cardamom. This Xuanhua is indeed its flower. It is now very common in Shandong. Also, in the note on Xuanfu flower: There is another Xuan root, produced in Henan, also found in northern countries, resembling Ligusticum chuanxiong (Xiongnu), only used in making Xuan paste, not entering other formulas.
Gong said: Xuanhua is Xuanhua; Tao Hongjing's description is actually Shanjiang. Shanjiang tastes pungent, completely unlike this category. Furthermore, because Xuanfu flower is named Jinfei, they made this an alias for this flower, which is all wrong. Also saying that those coming from northern countries have roots resembling Xiongnu; Xiongnu and Gaoliangjiang have no resemblance at all, which is also wrong.
[Flavor and Properties] Flower: Sweet. Root: Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
Shizhen said: Flowers, roots, stems, and leaves are all sweet, slippery, slightly bitter, and can neutralize Realgar.
[Indications] Removes black spots on the face, beautifies complexion, benefits Qi. Roots continue sinews and bones, heal metallic wounds. Crushed juice taken internally treats Erysipelas and pediatric toxic heat (Cangqi said). Tonifies fatigue and damage, benefits essence and Qi (Shizhen said).
[Elucidation] Shizhen said: Among vines, those resembling human sinews often treat sinus diseases. Xuanhua roots are thin like sinews and edible, hence *Shennong Bencao Jing* states long-term use prevents hunger. When Shizhen returned from the capital, he saw northern carters carrying it, saying brewing it into soup for evening drinking can tonify injuries. Thus, the theory of benefiting Qi and continuing sinews is further verified.
[Attached Formulas] One old formula, one new formula.
Severed Sinew due to Chop: Crush Xuan root, drip juice into the wound, still apply the dregs externally, change three times daily. Severed sinews will reconnect within half a month. This formula comes from Su Jingzhong's household slave Liao Nao, used effectively. (*Waitai Miyao* by Wang Tao)
Secret Essence and Marrow: Taiyi Jinluo Dan: Use five liang of Five-Color Longgu (Fossilized Bones), five liang of Fupenzi (Rubus Chingii Fruit), four liang of Lianhuarui (Lotus Plumule, unopened, shade-dried), three liang of Guzihua (Collected on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month), one hundred Jihtouzi Ren (Euryale Seed Kernels). Grind into powder. Take two hundred Jinyingzi (Rosa Laevigata Fruit), remove hairs, boil in seven sheng of water to reduce to one sheng of concentrated decoction, strain. Mix with herbs, pound two thousand times, make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty pills warm with salt wine on an empty stomach. After taking for one hundred days, emission will never occur. If emission is desired, take half he of Cheqian powder mixed with cold water. Avoid eating Malva verticillata. (*Ruizhutang Fang* by Sa Qianzhai)