（宋《开宝》）
【校正】自木部移入此。
【释名】木名姑榔木（《临海异物志》）、面木（《伽蓝记》）、董棕（杨慎《卮言》）、铁木。
时珍曰∶其木似槟榔而光利，故名桄榔。姑榔，其音讹也。面，言其粉也，铁言其坚也。
【集解】颂曰∶桄榔木，岭南二广州郡皆有之，人家亦植之庭院间。
其木似 榈而坚硬，斫其内取面，大者至数石，食之不饥。其皮至柔，坚韧可以作绠。
其子作穗生木端，不拘时月采之。按∶刘恂《岭表录异》云∶桄榔木枝叶并蕃茂，与槟榔小
异。然叶下有须如粗马尾，广人采之以织巾子；得咸水浸，即粗胀而韧，彼人以缚海舶，不
用钉线。木性如竹，紫黑色，有纹理而坚，工人解之，以制博弈局。其树皮中有屑如面，可
作饼食。
藏器曰∶按∶《临海异物志》云∶姑榔木生 山谷。外皮有毛如棕榈而散生。其木刚
利如铁，可作钐锄，中湿更利，惟中焦则易败尔，物之相伏如此。皮中有白粉，似稻米粉及
麦面，可作饼饵
时珍曰∶桄榔，二广、交、蜀皆有之。按∶郭义恭《广志》云∶木大者四、五围，高五
、六丈，拱直无旁枝。巅顶生叶数十，破似棕叶，其木肌坚，斫入数寸，得粉赤黄色，可食。
又顾 《海槎录》云∶桄榔木身直如杉，又如棕榈、椰子、槟榔、波斯枣、古散诸树而稍异，
有节似大竹。树杪挺出数枝，开花成穗，绿色。结子如青珠，每条不下百颗，一树近百余条，
团团悬挂若伞，极可爱。其木最重，色类花梨而多纹，番舶用代铁枪，锋 甚利。古散亦木
名，可为杖，又名虎散。
子
【气味】苦，平，无毒。
【主治】破宿血（《开宝》）。
面
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】作饼炙食腴美，令人不饥，补益虚羸损乏，腰脚无力。久服轻身辟谷（李 ）。
（出自宋代《开宝本草》）
【校正】从木部移入此部。
【释名】树名姑榔木（出自《临海异物志》）、面木（出自《伽蓝记》）、董棕（杨慎《卮言》）、铁木。
李时珍说：这种树的木质像槟榔但表面光滑，所以叫桄榔。姑榔是读音的讹误。面，是指它的粉；铁，是指它的坚硬。
【集解】苏颂说：桄榔木，岭南的二广州郡都有，人们也种植在庭院中。
它的木质像棕榈但更坚硬，砍开内部取粉，大的能达数石，吃了不觉得饿。它的皮非常柔韧，坚韧可以用来做绳索。
它的果实成穗状生长在树端，不限时节采摘。按：刘恂《岭表录异》记载：桄榔木枝叶繁茂，与槟榔略有不同。但在叶下有须如粗马尾，广州人采集用来编织头巾；用咸水浸泡后，纤维变粗胀且坚韧，当地人用它来捆绑海船，不用钉子和线。木质像竹子，紫黑色，有纹理且坚硬，工匠剖开它，用来制作围棋棋盘。树皮中有粉末状物质，可以做成饼食用。
藏器说：按：《临海异物志》记载：姑榔木生长在山谷中。外皮有毛像棕榈但散生。它的木质刚硬锋利如铁，可以做镰刀锄头，受潮后更锋利，只有中间部分容易腐朽，事物之间相互制约就是这样。皮中有白粉，像稻米粉和麦面，可以做成饼饵。
李时珍说：桄榔，二广、交州、蜀地都有。按：郭义恭《广志》记载：树大的有四、五围粗，高五、六丈，笔直没有旁枝。顶端生出几十片叶子，裂开像棕榈叶，它的木质坚实，砍入几寸，得到赤黄色的粉，可以吃。
又顾《海槎录》记载：桄榔树干直如杉树，又像棕榈、椰子、槟榔、波斯枣、古散等树木但稍有不同，有节像大竹子。树梢挺出几枝，开花成穗，绿色。结子像青色的珠子，每条不少于百颗，一棵树近百余条，团团悬挂像伞，非常可爱。它的木质最重，颜色像花梨木但纹路多，外国商船用其代替铁枪，锋刃非常锋利。古散也是树名，可以做手杖，又名虎散。
子
【气味】味苦，性平，无毒。
【主治】破除陈旧瘀血（出自《开宝本草》）。
面（指桄榔粉）
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】做成饼烤着吃味道肥美，使人不饥饿，补益虚弱消瘦、亏损乏力，腰脚无力。长期服用可轻身辟谷（出自李之记载）。
(From the *Kaibao Bencao* of the Song Dynasty)
[Correction] Transferred from the Wood category to this category.
[Names] The tree is named Gulangmu (Gulang Tree, from *Linhai Yiwu Zhi*), Mianmu (Flour Tree, from *Qielan Ji*), Dongzong (Dong Palm, from Yang Shen's *Zhiyan*), and Temu (Iron Tree).
Li Shizhen said: Its wood resembles Areca nut (*Betel Nut*) but is smooth and glossy, hence the name Guanglang. "Gulang" is a phonetic error. "Mian" (Flour) refers to its starch; "Tie" (Iron) refers to its hardness.
[Collection of Explanations] Su Song said: Guanglang trees are found in the two Guang regions (Guangdong and Guangxi), and people also plant them in courtyards.
Its wood is harder than that of the Palmyra palm (*Borassus flabellifer*). When cut open, starch is extracted from the interior; large quantities can reach several *shi* (a unit of volume/weight), and consuming it prevents hunger. Its bark is extremely soft and tough, suitable for making ropes.
Its fruits grow in spikes at the top of the trunk and can be harvested at any time. Note: Liu Xun's *Lingbiao Luyi* states: Guanglang trees have lush branches and leaves, slightly different from Areca nuts. However, there are fibrous strands under the leaves resembling coarse horsehair tails. People in Guangzhou harvest these to weave headscarves; when soaked in saltwater, they swell and become tough. Locals use them to bind sea ships without nails or thread. The wood is like bamboo, purple-black, with grain and hardness. Artisans split it to make Go boards. There is flour-like powder in the bark, which can be made into cakes for food.
Zang Qi said: According to *Linhai Yiwu Zhi*: Gulang trees grow in valleys. The outer bark has scattered hairs like the Palmyra palm. Its wood is hard and sharp as iron, usable for making sickles and hoes; it becomes sharper when damp, though the core rots easily. Such is the mutual restraint of things. The bark contains white powder similar to rice flour and wheat flour, which can be made into cakes.
Li Shizhen said: Guanglang is found in the Two Guangs, Jiaozhou, and Shu. According to Guo Yigong's *Guang Zhi*: Large trees are four or five *wei* (circumference units) thick and five or six *zhang* high, straight with no side branches. Dozens of leaves grow at the apex, splitting like palm leaves. The wood flesh is hard; cutting a few inches deep yields reddish-yellow starch, which is edible.
Furthermore, Gu's *Haicha Lu* records: The trunk of the Guanglang tree is straight like fir, resembling Palmyra palm, coconut, Areca nut, Persian date, and Gusun trees, but slightly different. It has nodes like large bamboo. Several branches emerge from the treetop, flowering into green spikes. Fruits resemble green pearls, with each spike containing no less than a hundred seeds. A single tree may have nearly a hundred such spikes, hanging roundly like an umbrella, very lovely. Its wood is the heaviest, colored like rosewood but with more grain. Foreign merchant ships used it to replace iron spears, with very sharp tips. Gusun is also a tree name, usable for walking sticks, also known as Husan.
Fruit
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Breaks up old blood stasis (from *Kaibao Bencao*).
Starch (Referring to Guanglang flour)
[Properties and Flavor] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Made into cakes and roasted, it tastes rich and delicious, prevents hunger, tonifies deficiency and emaciation, loss and weakness, and weakness of the waist and legs. Long-term consumption lightens the body and enables fasting (recorded by Li Zhizhi).