（宋《嘉 》）
【校正】自玉石部移入此。
【集解】藏器曰∶此是患石淋人溺中出者，正如小石，收之为用。时珍曰∶此是淫欲之
人，精气郁结，阴火煎熬，遂成坚质。正如滚水结碱，卤水煎盐，小便炼成秋石，同一义理
也。
【气味】咸，温，无毒。
【主治】石淋，水磨服之，当得碎石随溺出（大明）。噎病吐食，俗名涩饭病（藏器）。
（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶有人专心成癖，及病症块，凝结成石。如牛黄、狗宝、 答之类，皆
诸兽之病也。观夫星陨为石，沙淋石淋，及释氏颅囟结成舍利子，皆精气凝结而然。故《格
物论》云∶石者，气之核也。群书所载，如宝圭化石，老树化石，皆无情之变异也。鱼、蛇、
虾、蟹，皆能化石，乃有情之变异也。世说载贞妇登山望夫，化而为石，此盖志一不分，遂
入于无情也。《宋史》载石工采石，陷入石穴，三年掘出犹活，见风遂化为石，此盖吞纳石
气，久而与之俱化也。夫生形尚全化石，则顽心症癖之化石，亦其理也。《程子遗书》云∶
波斯人发古墓，见肌肤都尽，惟心坚如石。锯开，中有山水如画，旁有一女，凭阑凝睇。盖
此女有爱山水癖，遂致融结如此。宋濂云∶一浮屠行大般舟三昧法，示寂后，焚之，惟心不
化，状如佛像，非金非石。又一人行禅观法，及死火葬，心内包观音像悉具。医书云∶一人
病症死，火化有块如石。此皆症癖顽凝成石之迹，故并录
【主治】消坚癖，治噎膈（时珍）。
（出自宋代《嘉祐本草》）
【校正】从玉石部移入此部。
【集解】藏器说：这是患石淋病的人在小便中排出的，形状像小石子，收集起来作为药用。李时珍说：这是纵欲过度的人，精气郁结，阴火煎熬，于是形成坚硬的质地。就像滚水结成碱垢，卤水煎煮成盐，小便炼制成秋石，道理是一样的。
【气味】味咸，性温，无毒。
【主治】治疗石淋，用水磨碎后服用，应当能使碎石随着小便排出（出自《日华子本草》）。治疗噎病呕吐食物，俗称涩饭病（出自《嘉祐本草》）。
（出自《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：有人专心致志形成癖好，以及病症形成的块状物，凝结成石头。如牛黄、狗宝、 答之类，都是各种动物的疾病。看那流星坠落变成石头，沙淋石淋，以及佛教徒头骨囟门结成舍利子，都是精气凝结而成的。所以《格物论》说：石头是气的核心。群书所记载的，如宝圭使石头变化，老树变成化石，都是没有生命的变异。鱼、蛇、虾、蟹，都能变成化石，是有生命的变异。世说记载贞妇登山望夫，变成了石头，这大概是心志专一不分神，于是进入了没有生命的状态。《宋史》记载石工采石，陷入石穴，三年后挖出来还活着，见到风就变成石头，这大概是吞纳了石气，久了就与它一起变化了。生物形体尚且能变成石头，那么顽心症癖形成的石头，也是其中的道理。《程子遗书》说：波斯人发掘古墓，看见肌肤都烂尽了，只有心脏坚硬如石头。锯开，里面有山水如画，旁边有一个女子，靠着栏杆凝视。大概这个女子有喜爱山水的癖好，于是导致融合凝结成这样。宋濂说：一个和尚修大般舟三昧法，示寂后，焚烧尸体，只有心脏没有化掉，形状像佛像，不是金也不是石。又一个人修禅观法，等到死后火葬，心脏里面包裹着观音像全都具备。医书说：一个人因病症死亡，火化后有块状物像石头。这些都是症癖顽固凝结成石的迹象，所以一并记录。
【主治】消除坚癖，治疗噎膈（李时珍）。
(From the Song Dynasty *Jiayou Bencao*)
[Correction] Transferred from the Mineral Section to this section.
[Collected Explanations] Zang Qi said: This is what is expelled in the urine of patients suffering from Stone Lin (a condition characterized by painful urination with stone-like particles), resembling small stones; it is collected for medicinal use. Li Shizhen said: This results from individuals indulging in sexual desires, causing essence and qi to stagnate and be simmered by Yin fire, thereby forming a hard substance. It is analogous to alkali scaling formed in boiling water or salt crystallizing from brine, and the same principle applies to the refining of Autumn Salt (Qiu Shi, processed human urine precipitate) from urine.
[Flavor and Properties] Salty, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats Stone Lin; when ground with water and taken orally, it facilitates the expulsion of crushed stones via urination (from *Rihua Zi Bencao*). Treats Yi disease (dysphagia) with vomiting of food, commonly known as "Se Fan Bing" (stiff-rice disease) (from *Jiayou Bencao*).
(From *Bencao Gangmu*)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: Some people develop obsessions through intense focus, and pathological masses can condense into stone-like forms. Examples include Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis, cattle gallstone), Gou Bao (Gallus Domesticus Calculus, dog gallstone), and Da Da (likely referring to other animal calculi); these are diseases of various animals. Observing that meteorites fall as stones, Sand Lin and Stone Lin occur, and Buddhist practitioners form Sarira (relics) in their cranial fontanelles, all result from the condensation of essence and qi. Thus, *Gewu Lun* states: "Stone is the core of Qi." Books record phenomena such as Precious Gui transforming stone and old trees turning into fossils, which are changes in inanimate objects. Fish, snakes, shrimp, and crabs can also turn into fossils, representing changes in animate beings. Historical accounts mention a chaste woman who gazed at her husband from a mountain top and turned into stone; this was likely due to undivided concentration, leading to a state akin to inanimacy. The *History of Song* records stone masons falling into a stone cave; after three years of excavation, they were found alive but turned to stone upon exposure to air. This was likely due to inhaling stone Qi over a long period, causing them to transform with it. If living forms can petrify, then the petrification caused by stubborn obsessions and pathological masses follows the same logic. *Chengzi Yishu* states: Persians excavating ancient tombs found bodies where flesh had decayed completely, leaving only hearts hard as stone. Upon sawing open, landscapes resembling paintings were visible inside, with a woman leaning on a railing gazing afar. This was likely because the woman had an obsession with mountains and waters, leading to such fusion and condensation. Song Lian wrote: A monk practicing the Great Boat Samadhi method passed away; after cremation, his heart remained unburnt, resembling a Buddha statue, neither metal nor stone. Another person practicing Zen meditation died and was cremated; inside the heart, a Guanyin image was fully preserved. Medical texts state: A person died of illness, and upon cremation, a stone-like mass remained. These are all traces of pathological masses and stubborn obsessions condensing into stone, so they are recorded together.
[Indications] Dissolves hard masses and treats Yi Ge (dysphagia and regurgitation) (Li Shizhen).