（《拾遗》）
【释名】灵狸（作蛉者非）、香狸（《杂俎》）、神狸（《离骚注》）、类。
时珍曰∶自为牝牡，又有香气，可谓灵而神矣。
【集解】藏器曰∶灵猫生南海山谷。状如狸，自为牝牡。其阴如麝，功亦相似。按∶《异
物志》云∶灵狸一体自为阴阳。刳其水道连囊，以酒洒阴干，其气如麝。若杂入麝香中，罕
能分别，用之亦如麝焉。
颂曰∶香狸出南方，人以作脍生，如北地狐生法，其气甚香，微有麝气。
时珍曰∶按段成式言，香狸有四外肾，则自能牝牡者，或由此也。刘郁《西使记》云
黑契丹出香狸，文似土豹，其肉可食，粪溺皆香如麝气。杨慎《丹铅录》云∶予在大理府
见香猫如狸，其文如金钱豹。此即《楚辞》所谓乘赤豹兮载文狸，王逸注为神狸者也。《南
山经》所谓∶ 爰之山有兽焉，状如狸而有髦，其名曰类，自为牝牡，食者不妒。《列子》
亦云∶ 爰之兽，自孕而生，曰类。疑即此物也。又《星禽真形图》，心月狐有牝牡两体，
其神狸乎？珍按∶刘、杨二说与《异物志》所说相合，则类即灵狸无疑矣，类、狸字音亦相
近也。
肉
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
阴
【气味】辛，温，无毒。
【主治】中恶鬼气，飞尸蛊疰，心腹猝痛，狂邪鬼神，鬼疟疫气，梦寐邪魇，镇心安神
（藏器）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】灵狸（写作“蛉”字的是错误的）、香狸（见《酉阳杂俎》）、神狸（见《离骚注》）、类。
李时珍说：它自身兼具雌雄特性，又有香气，可以说是既灵异又神奇了。
【集解】陈藏器说：灵猫产于南海山谷。形状像狸猫，自身兼具雌雄特性。它的生殖器像麝香兽，功效也相似。按：《异物志》记载：灵狸身体一体自具阴阳。剖开其输精管连接的精囊，用酒洒后阴干，气味像麝香。如果混杂在麝香中，很难区分，使用它也如同麝香一样。
苏颂说：香狸出产于南方，人们把它做成生鱼片食用，就像北方吃生狐肉的方法，气味非常香，略带麝香味。
李时珍说：按段成式的说法，香狸有四个外肾，那么它能自身具备雌雄特性的原因，或许就由此而来。刘郁《西使记》记载：黑契丹出产香狸，花纹像土豹，它的肉可以吃，粪便和尿液都像麝香一样有香气。杨慎《丹铅录》记载：我在大理府见过香猫像狸猫，花纹像金钱豹。这就是《楚辞》中所说的“乘着赤豹啊载着文狸”，王逸注释为神狸。《南山经》记载：“爰之山有一种野兽，形状像狸但有长毛，名字叫类，自身兼具雌雄，吃了它的人不会嫉妒。”《列子》也说：“爰地的兽，自己受孕而生，名叫类。”怀疑就是这种动物。另外《星禽真形图》中，心月狐有雌雄两体，这大概就是神狸吧？我李时珍按：刘、杨二人的说法与《异物志》所说相符合，那么“类”就是灵狸无疑了，“类”、“狸”二字读音也相近。
【肉】
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
**[Names]** Lingli (the character "Ling" written as 蛉 is incorrect), Xiangli (seen in *Youyang Zazu*), Shenli (seen in *Li Sao Zhu*), Lei.
Li Shizhen states: It possesses both male and female characteristics within itself and has a fragrance; thus, it can be considered both spiritual and divine.
**[Collected Explanations]** Chen Cangqi states: The Lingmao (Viverricula indica) is produced in the valleys of Nanhai. Its appearance resembles that of a civet cat, and it possesses both male and female characteristics. Its genitalia resemble those of the musk deer, and its efficacy is also similar. According to notes: *Yiwuzhi* [Records of Strange Things] states: The Lingli has a single body that inherently contains both Yin and Yang. If its urinary ducts connected to the sacs are dissected out, sprinkled with wine, and dried in the shade, its odor resembles musk. If mixed with musk, it is rarely distinguishable, and when used, it functions similarly to musk.
Su Song states: Xiangli originates from the southern regions. People prepare it as raw slices for consumption, similar to the method of eating raw fox meat in northern regions. Its odor is very fragrant, with a slight hint of musk.
Li Shizhen states: According to Duan Chengshi, Xiangli has four external kidneys; therefore, the reason it can possess both male and female characteristics may stem from this. Liu Yu’s *Xi Shi Ji* [Record of Western Envoys] states: Black Qidan produces Xiangli, which has patterns resembling the local leopard. Its meat is edible, and its feces and urine all have a fragrance like musk. Yang Shen’s *Danqian Lu* [Records of Danqian] states: I saw a Xiangmao in Dali Prefecture that resembled a civet cat, with patterns like the golden-spotted leopard. This is what is referred to in the *Chu Ci* [Songs of Chu] as "riding red leopards and carrying patterned civets," which Wang Yi annotated as Shenli. The *Nanshan Jing* [Classic of Mountains and Seas: Southern Classic] states: "On Mount Yuan, there is a beast that looks like a civet but has long hair, named Lei. It possesses both male and female characteristics; those who eat it will not feel jealousy." *Liezi* also states: "The beast of Yuan conceives and gives birth to itself, called Lei." I suspect this is the creature in question. Furthermore, in *Xingqin Zhenxing Tu* [True Form Diagram of Star Birds and Beasts], Xin Yuehu [Fox of the Heart Lunar Mansion] has two bodies, one male and one female; could this be the Shenli? Li Shizhen observes: The statements by Liu and Yang align with those in *Yiwuzhi*, so "Lei" is undoubtedly "Lingli." Moreover, the pronunciation of the characters "Lei" and "Li" is also similar.
**[Meat]**
**[Odor and Taste]** Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
**[Genitalia]**
**[Odor and Taste]** Pungent, warm, non-toxic.
**[Indications]** Treats sudden invasion by evil ghostly qi, Feishi Gu Zhu [flying corpse, gu poison, and pestilential diseases], sudden pain in the heart and abdomen, madness caused by evil spirits and ghosts, ghostly malaria and epidemic qi, nightmares and sleep paralysis, and has the effect of calming the heart and soothing the spirit (from Chen Cangqi).