（《本经》下品）
【校正】并入《别录》白给。
【释名】连及草（《本经》）、甘根（《本经》）、白给。
时珍曰∶其根白色，连及而生，故曰白芨。其味苦，而曰甘根，反言也。《吴普》作白
根，其根有白，亦通。《金光明经》谓之罔达罗喝悉多。又《别录》有名未用白给，即白芨
也，性味功用皆同，系重出，今并为一。
【集解】《别录》曰∶白芨，生北山川谷及冤句及越山。又曰∶白给生山谷，叶如藜芦
，根白相连，九月采。普曰∶茎叶如生姜、藜芦。十月花，直上，紫赤色。根白连。二月、
八月、九月采。弘景曰∶近道处处有之。叶似杜若，形根似菱米，节间有毛。方用亦稀，可
以作糊。保升曰∶今出申州。叶似初生棕苗叶及藜芦。三、四月抽出一苔，开紫花。七月实
熟，黄黑色。冬凋。根似菱，有三角，白色，角头生芽。八月采根用。颂曰∶今江淮、河、
陕、汉、黔诸州皆有之，生石山上。春生苗，长一尺许。叶似棕榈，两指大，青色。夏开紫
花。二月、七月采根。
时珍曰∶韩保升所说形状正是，但一科止抽一茎。开花长寸许，红紫色，中心如舌。其
根如菱米，有脐，如凫茈之脐，又如扁扁螺旋纹。性难干。
根
【气味】苦，平，无毒。《别录》曰∶辛，微寒。白给∶辛，平，无毒。普曰∶神农∶
苦；黄帝∶辛；李当之∶大寒；雷公∶辛，无毒。大明曰∶甘、辛。杲曰∶苦、甘，微寒，
性涩，阳中之阴也。
之才曰∶
【主治】痈肿恶疮败疽，伤阴死肌，胃中邪气，贼风鬼击，痱缓不收（《本经》）。除白
癣疥虫（《别录》）。结热不消，阴下痿，面上 ，令人肌滑（甄权）。止惊邪血邪血痢，痫
疾风痹，赤眼症结，温热疟疾，发背瘰 ，肠风痔 ，扑损，刀箭疮，汤火疮，生肌止痛（
大明）。止肺血（李杲）。
白给∶主伏虫白癣肿痛（《别录》）。
【发明】恭曰∶山野人患手足皲拆者，嚼以涂之，有效。为其性粘也。
颂曰∶今医家治金疮不瘥及痈疽方，多用之。
震亨曰∶凡吐血不止，宜加白芨。
时珍曰∶白芨性涩而收，得秋金之令，故能入肺止血，生肌治疮也。按洪迈《夷坚志》
云∶台州狱吏悯一大囚。囚感之，因言∶吾七次犯死罪，遭讯拷，肺皆损伤，至于呕血。
人传一方∶只用白芨为末，米饮日服，其效如神。后其囚凌迟，刽者剖其胸，见肺间窍穴数
十处，皆白芨填补，色犹不变也。洪贯之闻其说，赴任洋州，一卒忽苦咯血，甚危，用此救
之，一日即止也。《摘玄》云∶试血法∶吐在水碗内，浮者，肺血也；沉者，肝血也；半浮
半沉者，心血也。各随所见，以羊肺、羊肝、羊心煮熟，蘸白芨末，日日服之。
【附方】旧一，新八。鼻衄不止∶津调白芨末，涂山根上，仍以水服一钱，立止。（《经
验
生编》）重舌鹅口∶白芨末，乳汁调涂足心。（《圣惠方》）
妇人阴脱∶白芨、川乌头等分。为末，绢裹一钱，纳阴中，入三寸，腹内热即止，日用
一次。（《广济方》）疔疮肿毒∶白芨末半钱，以水澄之，去水，摊于浓纸上贴之。（《袖珍
方》）打跌骨折∶酒调白芨末二钱服，其功不减自然铜、古铢钱也。（《永类方》）刀斧伤损∶
白芨、石膏（ ）等分。为末。掺之，亦可收口。（《济急方》）手足皲裂∶白芨末水调塞之。
勿犯水。（《济急方》）汤火伤灼∶白芨末，油调敷之。（《赵真人方》）
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【校正】将《名医别录》中的“白给”并入本品。
【释名】连及草（出自《本经》）、甘根（出自《本经》）、白给。
李时珍说：它的根是白色的，连接在一起生长，所以叫白芨。它的味道苦，却叫甘根，这是反着说的。《吴普本草》写作“白根”，因为它的根有白色部分，也通顺。《金光明经》称它为“罔达罗喝悉多”。另外，《名医别录》中记载了有名但未使用的“白给”，就是白芨，性味和功用都相同，属于重复记载，现在合并为一。
【集解】《名医别录》说：白芨，生长在北方山川河谷以及冤句和越山等地。又说：白给生长在山谷中，叶子像藜芦，根是白色的且相连，九月采收。吴普说：茎叶像生姜、藜芦。十月开花，直立向上，呈紫红色。根白色且相连。二月、八月、九月采收。陶弘景说：附近道路两旁到处都有。叶子像杜若，形状像菱角米一样的根，节间有毛。方剂中使用也很少，可以用来制作糊状物。保升说：现在出产于申州。叶子像初生的棕苗叶及藜芦。三月、四月抽出一根花苔，开紫花。七月果实成熟，呈黄黑色。冬季凋谢。根像菱角，有三个角，白色，角头生芽。八月采挖根部使用。苏颂说：现在江淮、河、陕、汉、黔各州都有，生长在石山上。春天生苗，长约一尺左右。叶子像棕榈叶，两指宽，青色。夏天开紫花。二月、七月采挖根部。
李时珍说：韩保升所说的形状正是如此，但一株只抽出一根茎。开花长一寸左右，红紫色，中心像舌头一样。它的根像菱角米，有脐，像荸荠的脐，又像扁扁的螺旋纹。性质难以干燥。
根
【气味】苦，平，无毒。《名医别录》说：辛，微寒。白给：辛，平，无毒。吴普说：神农认为苦；黄帝认为辛；李当之认为大寒；雷公认为辛，无毒。大明说：甘、辛。杲说：苦、甘，微寒，性质涩，属于阳中之阴。
【主治】痈肿恶疮败疽，伤阴死肌，胃中邪气，贼风鬼击，痱缓不收（出自《本经》）。去除白癣疥虫（出自《别录》）。消除结热不消，阴部痿软，面部黑斑，使肌肤光滑（甄权）。止惊邪血邪血痢，痫疾风痹，赤眼症结，温热疟疾，发背瘰疬，肠风痔漏，跌打损伤，刀箭疮，汤火疮，生肌止痛（大明）。止肺出血（李杲）。
白给：主治伏虫白癣肿痛（出自《别录》）。
【发明】恭说：山野之人患手足皲裂的，嚼碎后涂抹，有效。因为其性质粘腻。
苏颂说：现在医家治疗金创不愈及痈疽的方剂中，多用此药。
震亨说：凡是吐血不止，应当加入白芨。
李时珍说：白芨性质涩而收敛，得秋季金令之气，所以能入肺止血，生肌治疮。据洪迈《夷坚志》记载：台州狱吏怜悯一名大囚犯。囚犯感激他，于是说：我七次犯死罪，遭受审讯拷打，肺部都受到损伤，以至于呕血。有人传授一方：只用白芨研成粉末，用米汤送服，效果如神。后来该囚犯被凌迟处死，刽子手剖开他的胸膛，看见肺间有数十个孔穴，都被白芨填补，颜色仍未改变。洪贯之听说这件事，赴任洋州时，一名士兵忽然痛苦咯血，情况危急，用此法救治，一天就止住了。《摘玄》说：试血法：吐在水碗里，浮在水面的是肺血；沉在水底的是肝血；半浮半沉的是心血。根据所见，分别用羊肺、羊肝、羊心煮熟，蘸白芨粉末，每天服用。
【附方】旧方一个，新方八个。鼻衄不止：唾液调和白芨粉末，涂在山根上，同时用水送服一钱，立即停止。（《经验生编》）重舌鹅口：白芨粉末，乳汁调和涂抹足心。（《圣惠方》）
妇人阴脱：白芨、川乌头各等分。研成粉末，用绢包裹一钱，纳入阴道内，深入三寸，腹内感到热即停止，每天使用一次。（《广济方》）疔疮肿毒：白芨粉末半钱，用水澄清，去掉水分，摊在厚纸上贴敷。（《袖珍方》）打跌骨折：酒调白芨粉末二钱服用，其功效不亚于自然铜、古铢钱。（《永类方》）刀斧伤损：白芨、石膏（需注明炮制方法，原文此处可能有缺字或泛指）各等分。研成粉末。撒在伤口上，也可以收口。（《济急方》）手足皲裂：白芨粉末用水调和塞入裂缝中。不要沾水。（《济急方》）汤火伤灼：白芨粉末，油调和敷之。（《赵真人方》）
(Recorded in the Lower Grade of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Correction] Merged with "Baiji" from *Mingyi Bielu*.
[Names] Lianji Cao (from *Benjing*), Gan Gen (from *Benjing*), Baiji.
Li Shizhen said: Its root is white and grows connectedly, hence the name Baiji. Its taste is bitter, yet it is called Gan Gen (Sweet Root), which is a contrary statement. *Wu Pu's Materia Medica* writes it as "Baigen," because its root has white parts, which is also acceptable. The *Jin Guangming Sutra* calls it "Wangdaluo Hexiduo." Additionally, *Mingyi Bielu* records "Baiji" as having a name but no usage; this is indeed Baiji, with identical properties, flavors, and functions, constituting a duplication. Now they are merged into one.
[Collection of Explanations] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Baiji grows in northern mountain streams, valleys, Yuanju, and Yue Mountains. It also states: Baiji grows in valleys, leaves resemble *Veratrum nigrum*, roots are white and connected, harvested in September. Wu Pu said: Stems and leaves resemble ginger and *Veratrum nigrum*. Flowers in October, growing straight up, purple-red color. Roots are white and connected. Harvested in February, August, and September. Tao Hongjing said: Found everywhere near roads. Leaves resemble *Pollia japonica*, shape resembles water chestnut roots, nodes have hairs. Rarely used in prescriptions, can be made into paste. Baosheng said: Currently produced in Shenzhou. Leaves resemble young palm shoots and *Veratrum nigrum*. In March and April, a single flower spike emerges, opening purple flowers. Fruits mature in July, yellow-black. Withers in winter. Roots resemble water chestnuts, triangular, white, buds grow at the corners. Roots harvested in August. Su Song said: Present in Jianghuai, He, Shaan, Han, Qian prefectures, growing on rocky mountains. Sprouts in spring, about one chi long. Leaves resemble palm leaves, two fingers wide, green. Purple flowers in summer. Roots harvested in February and July.
Li Shizhen said: The shape described by Han Baosheng is correct, but each plant produces only one stem. Flowers are about one cun long, red-purple, center like a tongue. Its roots resemble water chestnuts, with an umbilicus like that of *Eleocharis dulcis*, or like flat spiral patterns. Difficult to dry.
Root
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* says: Pungent, slightly cold. Baiji: Pungent, neutral, non-toxic. Wu Pu said: Shenneng considered it bitter; Huangdi considered it pungent; Li Dangzhi considered it greatly cold; Leigong considered it pungent, non-toxic. Daming said: Sweet, pungent. Gao said: Bitter, sweet, slightly cold, astringent nature, Yin within Yang.
[Indications] Carbuncles, malignant sores, necrotic ulcers, damaged yin and dead muscle, pathogenic qi in the stomach, thief wind and ghost strikes, flaccidity and inability to move (*Benjing*). Remove white tinea and scabies mites (*Mingyi Bielu*). Resolve accumulated heat that does not dissipate, genital flaccidity, facial pigmentation, making skin smooth (Zhen Quan). Stop惊邪 blood dysentery, epilepsy, wind-bi, red eye obstruction, warm-heat malaria, back carbuncles, scrofula, intestinal wind and hemorrhoids, traumatic injuries, knife and arrow wounds, scalds and burns, promote tissue regeneration and relieve pain (Daming). Stop lung bleeding (Li Gao).
Baiji: Treats hidden parasites and swelling/pain of white tinea (*Mingyi Bielu*).
[Invention/Analysis] Gong said: People in wild areas suffering from cracked hands and feet chew it and apply it, which is effective due to its sticky nature.
Su Song said: Physicians now use it frequently in prescriptions for treating non-healing metallic wounds and carbuncles/ulcers.
Zhenheng said: For continuous hematemesis, Baiji should be added.
Li Shizhen said: Baiji is astringent and contracting, receiving the command of Autumn Metal, thus entering the Lung to stop bleeding and promote tissue regeneration for treating sores. According to Hong Mai's *Yijian Zhi*: A jailer in Taizhou pitied a major prisoner. The prisoner, grateful, said: I committed capital offenses seven times, endured interrogation and torture, damaging my lungs to the point of vomiting blood. Someone passed down a prescription: Use only Baiji powder, taken daily with rice water, with miraculous effect. Later, when this prisoner was executed by lingchi, the executioner cut open his chest and found dozens of holes in the lungs, all filled with Baiji, the color unchanged. When Hong Guanzhi heard this and took office in Yangzhou, a soldier suddenly suffered severe hemoptysis, critically ill. Using this method saved him, stopping bleeding in one day. *Zhai Xuan* states: Blood testing method: Spit into a bowl of water. Floating blood is Lung blood; sinking blood is Liver blood; half-floating/half-sinking is Heart blood. Based on observation, cook sheep lung, liver, or heart, dip in Baiji powder, and take daily.
[Attached Prescriptions] One old, eight new. Epistaxis unceasing: Mix Baiji powder with saliva, apply to the shangen (root of nose), simultaneously swallow one qian with water, stops immediately (*Jingyan Shengbian*). Double tongue and goose mouth: Baiji powder mixed with milk, applied to the sole of the foot (*Shenghui Fang*). Uterine prolapse in women: Equal parts Baiji and Chuanwu (Aconitum carmichaelii). Grind to powder, wrap one qian in silk, insert into vagina, three cun deep, remove when warmth is felt in abdomen, use once daily (*Guangji Fang*). Ding sores and swelling/toxins: Half a qian of Baiji powder, clarified with water, remove water, spread on thick paper and apply (*Xiuzhen Fang*). Contusions and fractures: Take two qian of Baiji powder mixed with wine, efficacy equals natural copper and ancient coins (*Yonglei Fang*). Knife/axe injuries: Equal parts Baiji and Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). Grind to powder. Apply to wound, promotes healing (*Jiji Fang*). Hand/foot fissures: Plug cracks with Baiji powder mixed with water. Avoid water contact (*Jiji Fang*). Scalds and burns: Apply Baiji powder mixed with oil (*Zhao Zhenren Fang*).