（《本经》上品）
【校正】并入《别录》鬼目。
【释名】 菜（《本经》）、白草（别录）、
时珍曰∶白英，谓其花色； 菜，象其叶文；排风，言其功用；鬼目，象其子形。《别
录》有名未用，复出鬼目，虽苗子不同，实一物也。故并之。
【集解】《别录》曰∶白英生益州山谷。春采叶，夏采茎，秋采花，冬采根。又曰∶鬼
目，一名来甘。实赤如五味，十月采。
弘景曰∶鬼目，俗人呼为白草子，是矣。又曰∶白英，方药不复用。此有斛菜，生水中，
可蒸食，非是此类。有白草，作羹饮，甚疗劳，而不用根花。益州乃有苦菜，土人专食之，
充健无病，疑或者此。
恭曰∶白英，鬼目草也。蔓生，叶似王瓜，小长而五丫。实圆，若龙葵子，生青，熟紫
黑。东人谓之白草。陶云白草，似识之，而不的辨。
藏器曰∶白英，鬼目菜也。蔓生，三月延长。《尔雅》名苻。郭璞云∶似葛，叶有毛，
子赤色如耳 珠。若云子熟黑，误矣。江东夏月取其茎叶，煮粥食，极解热毒。
时珍曰∶此俗名排风子是也。正月生苗，白色，可食。秋开小白花。子如龙葵
子，熟时紫赤色。《吴志》云∶孙皓时有鬼目菜，缘枣树，长丈余，叶广四寸，浓三分，人
皆异之。即此物也。又羊蹄草一名鬼目。岭南有木果，亦名鬼目，叶似楮，子大如鸭子，七、
八
根、苗
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】寒热八疸，消渴，补中益气。久服轻身延年（《本经》）。叶∶作羹饮，甚疗劳
（弘景）。烦热，风疹丹毒，瘴疟寒热，小儿结热，煮汁饮之（藏器）。
鬼目（子也）
【气味】酸，平，无毒。
【主治】明目（《别录》）。
【附方】新一。目赤头旋，眼花面肿，风热上攻∶用排风子（焙）、甘草（炙）、菊花（焙）
各一两。为末。每服二钱，卧时温水下。（《圣济录》）
（被列为《神农本草经》上品）
【校正】将“鬼目”并入本条。
【释名】 菜（出自《本经》）、白草（出自《别录》）、排风、鬼目。
李时珍说：白英，是指它的花色；菜，是形容它的叶纹；排风，是说它的功效；鬼目，是形容它的果实形状。《别录》中记载有名称但未说明用法，又单独列出鬼目，虽然植株和果实形态略有不同，但实际上是同一种药物。因此将其合并。
【集解】《别录》说：白英生长在益州的山谷中。春天采集叶子，夏天采集茎，秋天采集花，冬天采集根。又说：鬼目，又名来甘。果实红色像五味子，十月采收。
陶弘景说：鬼目，俗人称为白草子，这是对的。又说：白英，在方药中不再使用。这里有一种斛菜，生长在水中，可以蒸着吃，不是这一类。还有一种白草，煮成羹汤饮用，对治疗虚劳很有疗效，但不使用其根和花。益州还有一种苦菜，当地人专门食用，身体健壮无病，怀疑可能就是这种。
苏恭说：白英，就是鬼目草。蔓生，叶子像王瓜，稍长且分为五叉。果实圆形，像龙葵子，青色，成熟后呈紫黑色。东方人称之为白草。陶弘景所说的白草，似乎认识，但不能确切分辨。
孟诜说：白英，就是鬼目菜。蔓生，三月开始蔓延生长。《尔雅》中名为苻。郭璞说：像葛藤，叶子有毛，果实红色像耳珠。如果说果实成熟后变黑，那是错误的。江东地区夏季取其茎叶，煮粥食用，极能解除热毒。
李时珍说：这就是俗名排风子的植物。正月生出苗，白色，可食用。秋天开小白花。果实像龙葵子，成熟时呈紫红色。《吴志》记载：孙皓时有鬼目菜，缠绕在枣树上，长一丈多，叶子宽四寸，厚三分，人们都觉得很奇异。就是这种植物。另外，羊蹄草也有一名鬼目。岭南有一种木果，也叫鬼目，叶子像楮树，果实大如鸭蛋，七八个连在一起。
【气味】甘味，寒性，无毒。
【主治】寒热八疸，消渴，补中益气。长期服用可使身体轻盈、延年益寿（出自《本经》）。叶：煮成羹汤饮用，对治疗虚劳很有疗效（陶弘景）。烦热，风疹丹毒，瘴疟寒热，小儿结热，煮汁饮用（孟诜）。
鬼目（指果实）
【气味】酸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】明目（出自《别录》）。
【附方】新收录一方。目赤头旋，眼花面肿，风热上攻：用排风子（焙干）、甘草（炙）、菊花（焙干）各一两。研为细末。每次服用二钱，睡前温水送服。（出自《圣济录》）
(Recorded as a Superior Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing* [Classic of Materia Medica])
[Correction] Merged with "Guimu" from the *Bielu* [Additional Records].
[Names] Cai (from *Benjing*), Baicao (from *Bielu*), Paifeng, Guimu.
Li Shizhen stated: "Baiying" refers to its flower color; "Cai" describes the pattern on its leaves; "Paifeng" denotes its therapeutic function; "Guimu" resembles the shape of its fruit. The *Bielu* listed it with a name but no usage, and separately listed "Guimu". Although the seedlings and fruits appear slightly different, they are actually the same substance. Therefore, they are merged.
[Collection of Explanations] The *Bielu* states: Baiying grows in the valleys of Yizhou. Leaves are harvested in spring, stems in summer, flowers in autumn, and roots in winter. It also states: Guimu, also known as Laigan. The fruit is red like Wuweizi (Schisandra chinensis), harvested in October.
Tao Hongjing stated: Guimu is commonly called Baicaizi by laypeople, which is correct. He further stated: Baiying is no longer used in prescriptions. There is a plant called Hucail, which grows in water and can be steamed for food; this is not of this category. There is another Baicao, made into a soup and drunk, which is very effective for treating Lao (consumption/deficiency syndrome), but its roots and flowers are not used. In Yizhou, there is a bitter vegetable that locals eat exclusively, keeping them healthy and disease-free; I suspect this might be the one.
Su Gong stated: Baiying is the Guomu grass. It grows as a vine, with leaves resembling those of Wanggua (Trichosanthes cucumerina), slightly long and five-lobed. The fruit is round, like Longkuazi (Solanum nigrum seeds), green when raw, and purple-black when ripe. People in the East call it Baicao. Tao's mention of Baicao suggests he knew it but could not distinguish it precisely.
Meng Shen stated: Baiying is the Guomu vegetable. It grows as a vine, extending in March. The *Erya* names it Fu. Guo Pu said: It resembles Kudzu, with hairy leaves, and red fruits like ear beads. If it is said that the fruit turns black when ripe, that is an error. In the Jiangdong region, people take its stems and leaves in summer, boil them into porridge, and eat it; this effectively resolves heat toxins.
Li Shizhen stated: This is what is commonly known as Paifengzi. Seedlings emerge in the first lunar month, white in color, and edible. Small white flowers bloom in autumn. The fruits resemble Longkuazi, turning purple-red when ripe. The *Records of Wu* states: During the time of Sun Hao, there was a Guomu vegetable growing on a jujube tree, over ten feet long, with leaves four inches wide and three fen thick, which people found extraordinary. This is that plant. Additionally, Yangticao (Rumex crispus) is also named Guomu. In Lingnan, there is a woody fruit also named Guomu, with leaves resembling Broussonetia papyrifera, and fruits as large as duck eggs, growing in clusters of seven or eight.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Treats Hanre Badan (cold-heat jaundice syndromes), Xiaoke (wasting-thirst syndrome), tonifies the Middle Jiao and benefits Qi. Long-term use makes the body light and extends longevity (*Benjing*). Leaves: Made into soup and drunk, very effective for treating Lao (consumption) (Tao Hongjing). Treats Fanre (restless heat), Fengzhen Dandu (wind-rash erysipelas), Zhangnüe Hanre (malaria with chills and fever), and Xiao'er Jiere (pediatric internal heat); decoct the juice and drink it (Meng Shen).
Guimu (the fruit)
[Flavor and Properties] Sour, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Brightens the eyes (*Bielu*).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription. For red eyes, dizziness, blurred vision, facial swelling, and attacking wind-heat from above: Use Paifengzi (roasted), Gancao (honey-fried), and Juhua (roasted), each 1 liang. Grind into powder. Take 2 qian each time, washed down with warm water before sleep (*Shengji Lu*).