（音交。《本经》中品）
【释名】秦 （《唐本》）、秦爪（萧炳）。
恭曰∶秦艽，俗作秦胶，本名秦 ，与纠同。
时珍曰∶秦艽出秦中，以根作罗纹交纠者佳，故名秦艽、秦 。
【集解】《别录》曰∶秦艽，生飞鸟山谷，二月、八月采根，曝干。
弘景曰∶今出甘松、龙
用宜破去。
恭曰∶今出泾州、 州、岐州者，良。
颂曰∶今河陕州郡多有之。其根土黄色而相交纠，长一尺以来，粗细不等。枝干高五、
六寸。叶婆娑，连茎梗俱青色，如莴苣叶。六月中开花紫色，似葛花，当月结子。每于春秋
采根，阴干。
根
【修治】 曰∶秦艽须于脚纹处认取∶左纹列为秦，治疾；右纹列为艽，即发香港脚。凡
用秦，以布拭去黄白毛，乃用还元汤浸一宿，晒干用。
时珍曰∶秦艽，但以左纹者为良，分秦与艽为二名，谬矣。
【气味】苦，平，无毒。《别录》曰∶辛，微温。大明曰∶苦，冷。
元素曰∶气微温，味苦、辛，阴中微阳，可升可降，入手阳明经。
之才曰∶菖蒲为之使，畏牛乳。
【主治】寒热邪气，寒湿风痹，肢节痛，下水利小便（《本经》）。疗风无问久新，通身
挛急（《别录》）。传尸骨蒸，治疳及时气（大明）。牛乳点服，利大小便，疗酒黄、黄胆，解
酒毒，去头风（甄权）。除阳明风湿，及手足不遂，口噤牙痛口疮，肠风泻血，养血荣筋（元
素）。泄热，益胆气（好古）。治胃热虚劳发热（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶秦艽，手足阳明经药也，兼入肝胆，故手足不遂、黄胆烦渴之病须之
，取其去阳明之湿热也。阳明有湿，则身体酸疼烦热；有热，则日晡潮热骨蒸。所以《圣惠
方》治急劳烦热，身体酸疼。用秦艽、柴胡各一两，甘草五钱。为末，每服三钱，白汤调下
。治小儿骨蒸潮热，减食瘦弱。用秦艽、炙甘草各一两。每用一、二钱，水煎服之。钱乙加
薄荷叶五钱。
【附方】旧六，新七。
五种黄胆∶崔元亮《海上方》云∶凡黄有数种∶伤酒发黄，误食鼠粪亦作黄，因劳发黄，
多痰涕，目有赤脉，益憔悴，或面赤恶心者是也。用秦艽一大两，锉作两帖。每帖用酒半
升，浸绞取汁，空腹服，或利便止。就中饮酒人易治，屡用得力。《贞元广利方》∶治黄病
内外皆黄，小便赤，心烦口干者。以秦艽三两，牛乳一大升，煮取七合，分温再服。此方出
于许仁则。又孙真人方∶加芒硝六钱。暴泻引饮∶秦艽二两，甘草（炙）半两。每服三钱，
水
（《太平圣惠方》）急劳烦热∶方见发明下。小儿骨蒸∶同上。小便艰难或转胞，腹满闷，不
急疗，杀人。用秦艽一两，水一盏，煎七分，分作二服。又方∶加冬葵子等分，为末，酒服
一匕。（《圣惠方》）胎动不安∶秦艽、甘草（炙）、鹿角胶（炒）各半两。为末。每服三钱，
水
发背初起疑似者。便以秦艽、牛乳煎服，得快利三、五行，即愈。（崔元亮《海上集验方》）
疮口不合，一切皆治。秦艽为末，掺之。（《直指方》）
（读音为“交”。《神农本草经》列为中品）
【释名】秦 （出自《唐本草》）、秦爪（萧炳所述）。
苏恭说：秦艽，俗写作“秦胶”，本名“秦 ”，与“纠”字同义。
李时珍说：秦艽产于秦地（今陕西一带），以根部呈罗纹状交错者为佳，因此得名秦艽、秦 。
【集解】《名医别录》说：秦艽，生长在飞鸟山谷，二月和八月采集根部，晒干。
陶弘景说：现在出产于甘松、龙……（原文此处有缺漏，意指某些产地），使用时应当剥去外皮。
苏恭说：现在出产于泾州、[某]州、岐州的品质优良。
苏颂说：现在河陕各州郡多有生长。其根土黄色且相互交错，长一尺左右，粗细不等。枝干高五、六寸。叶子婆娑，连茎梗都是青色，像莴苣叶。六月开花，紫色，类似葛花，当月结子。通常在春秋两季采挖根部，阴干。
【修治】[某医家]说：秦艽必须在脚纹处辨认：左边的纹路称为“秦”，可以治病；右边的纹路称为“艽”，服用后会引发香港脚（足癣/痛风样症状）。凡是使用秦艽，需用布擦去黄白色的毛，然后用还元汤浸泡一夜，晒干后使用。
李时珍说：秦艽，只要以左边纹路的为佳品即可，将秦与艽分为两个名字，是错误的。
【气味】苦味，平性，无毒。《名医别录》说：辛味，微温。大明说：苦味，冷性。
张元素说：气微温，味苦、辛，属阴中有阳，可升可降，归入手阳明大肠经。
李当之说：菖蒲是它的引经药，畏牛乳。
【主治】寒热邪气，寒湿风痹，肢节疼痛，腹泻及小便不利（《神农本草经》）。治疗风病不分新旧，全身拘挛急迫（《名医别录》）。治疗传尸骨蒸（肺结核等消耗性疾病），治疗疳积及时行疫病（大明）。用牛乳点服，通利大小便，治疗酒疸、黄疸，解除酒毒，去除头风（甄权）。清除阳明经风湿，以及手足瘫痪、口噤牙痛、口疮，肠风下血，养血荣筋（张元素）。泄热，益胆气（王好古）。治疗胃热虚劳发热（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：秦艽是手足阳明经的药物，兼入肝胆经，所以手足瘫痪、黄疸烦渴的病需要用它，取其清除阳明经湿热的作用。阳明经有湿，则身体酸痛烦热；有热，则午后潮热骨蒸。所以《圣惠方》治疗急劳烦热，身体酸痛。用秦艽、柴胡各一两，甘草五钱。研为末，每次服用三钱，用白开水调下。治疗小儿骨蒸潮热，食欲减退，消瘦虚弱。用秦艽、炙甘草各一两。每次用一、二钱，水煎服。钱乙在此基础上加薄荷叶五钱。
【附方】旧方六个，新方七个。
五种黄疸：崔元亮《海上方》说：凡黄疸有好几种：饮酒伤脾发黄，误食鼠粪也会发黄，因劳累发黄，多痰涕，眼睛有红血丝，更加憔悴，或者面赤恶心的就是这些情况。用秦艽一大两，锉成两帖。每帖用酒半升，浸泡后绞取汁液，空腹服用，如果大便通畅即停。其中饮酒之人容易治愈，屡试有效。《贞元广利方》：治疗黄病内外皆黄，小便赤红，心烦口干者。用秦艽三两，牛乳一大升，煮取七合，分两次温服。此方出自许仁则。又孙真人方：加芒硝六钱。暴泻引饮：秦艽二两，甘草（炙）半两。每次服用三钱，水煎……（《太平圣惠方》）急劳烦热：方剂见【发明】下方。小儿骨蒸：同上。小便艰难或转胞（膀胱扭转导致尿潴留），腹部胀满闷痛，不紧急治疗会致死。用秦艽一两，水一盏，煎至七分，分两次服用。又一方：加冬葵子等量，研为末，酒送服一匕。（《圣惠方》）胎动不安：秦艽、甘草（炙）、鹿角胶（炒）各半两。研为末。每次服用三钱，水煎……发背初起疑似者。立即用秦艽、牛乳煎服，得快利三、五行，即愈。（崔元亮《海上集验方》）疮口不合，一切疮疡皆可治疗。秦艽研为末，撒在疮口上。（《直指方》）
(Jiao. Listed as Middle Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*.)
【Names】Qin Jiao (from *Tang Bencao*), Qin Zhao (recorded by Xiao Bing).
Su Gong said: Qin Jiao is commonly written as "Qin Jiao" (homophone for glue), its original name is Qin [Jiao], same as the character "Jiu" (to twist/cross).
Li Shizhen said: Qin Jiao grows in the Qin region, named so because the roots have a cross-twisted pattern like a sieve, hence called Qin Jiao or Qin [Jiao].
【Collection & Explanation】The *Bie Lu* states: Qin Jiao grows in valleys of Feiniao; roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun.
Tao Hongjing said: It is now produced in Gansong, Long... [text missing]; when used, the outer skin should be removed.
Su Gong said: Those produced in Jingzhou, [missing] Zhou, and Qizhou are of good quality.
Su Song said: It is widely found in He and Shan prefectures. The roots are earthy yellow and interlaced, about one chi long, varying in thickness. Branches and stems are five to six cun high. Leaves are spreading, green along with the stems, resembling lettuce leaves. Flowers bloom in purple in June, similar to Kudzu flowers, and bear seeds in the same month. Roots are typically harvested in spring and autumn and dried in the shade.
【Processing】[Missing Name] said: Qin Jiao must be identified by the texture at the root base: left-twisted fibers are called "Qin," which treats diseases; right-twisted fibers are called "Jiao," which induces Hong Kong Foot (podagra/tinea pedis). When using Qin Jiao, wipe off the yellow-white hairs with cloth, then soak in Huanyuan Decoction overnight, dry, and use.
Li Shizhen said: For Qin Jiao, it is sufficient to select those with left-twisted fibers as superior. Dividing Qin and Jiao into two names is erroneous.
【Nature & Flavor】Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. The *Bie Lu* adds: Pungent, slightly warm. Da Ming adds: Bitter, cold.
Zhang Yuansu said: Slightly warm in nature, bitter and pungent in flavor; Yin containing slight Yang, capable of ascending and descending, enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian.
Li Dang said: Shi Chang Pu (Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome) acts as its guide drug; it fears Cow's Milk.
【Indications】Cold-heat pathogenic factors, wind-bi due to cold-dampness, pain in limbs and joints, diarrhea and difficult urination (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Treats wind disorders regardless of duration, general body spasms and stiffness (*Bie Lu*). Treats Chuan Shi Gu Zheng (consumptive bone-steaming fever, e.g., tuberculosis), Gan accumulation, and epidemic febrile diseases (Da Ming). Taken with cow's milk, promotes urination and defecation, treats Jiu Huang (alcoholic jaundice) and Huang Dan (jaundice), resolves alcohol toxicity, and removes Tou Feng (head wind/headache) (Zhen Quan). Clears Wind-Dampness from the Yangming meridian, treats hemiplegia, trismus, toothache, mouth ulcers, intestinal wind with bloody stool, nourishes blood and tendons (Zhang Yuansu). Drains heat, benefits Gallbladder Qi (Wang Haogu). Treats stomach heat and deficiency-fever from consumptive disease (Li Shizhen).
【Elucidation】Li Shizhen said: Qin Jiao is a herb for the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians, also entering the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. Therefore, it is essential for conditions such as hemiplegia, jaundice, and irritability with thirst, as it clears Damp-Heat from the Yangming. If Yangming has Dampness, the body feels sore, painful, and hot; if it has Heat, there is afternoon tidal fever and bone-steaming. Thus, the *Shenghui Fang* treats acute consumption with irritability and body soreness using Qin Jiao and Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) each 1 liang, and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) 5 qian. Pulverized, take 3 qian per dose mixed with plain water. To treat pediatric bone-steaming tidal fever, reduced appetite, and emaciation, use Qin Jiao and Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) each 1 liang. Take 1–2 qian, decocted in water. Qian Yi added Bo He Ye (Mint Leaf) 5 qian to this formula.
【Attached Prescriptions】6 old prescriptions, 7 new prescriptions.
Five Types of Jaundice: Cui Yuanliang's *Haishang Fang* states: There are several types of jaundice: jaundice from wine injury, jaundice from accidentally eating mouse feces, jaundice from overwork, accompanied by excessive phlegm and nasal discharge, red veins in eyes, worsening emaciation, or red face and nausea. Use 1 da liang of Qin Jiao, cut into two doses. Each dose soaked in half sheng of wine, squeezed for juice, taken on an empty stomach; stop if bowel movement occurs. It is easier to cure in drinkers, proving effective repeatedly. *Zhenyuan Guangli Fang*: Treats jaundice where both interior and exterior are yellow, with red urine, heart irritability, and dry mouth. Use 3 liang of Qin Jiao and 1 da sheng of cow's milk, decoct to obtain 7 he, divide into two warm doses. This prescription comes from Xu Renze. Another prescription by Sun Simiao: add Mang Xiao (Mirabilite) 6 qian. Acute Diarrhea with Thirst: Qin Jiao 2 liang, Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) 0.5 liang. Take 3 qian per dose, decocted in water... (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*). Acute Consumption with Irritability: See below under Elucidation. Pediatric Bone-Steaming: Same as above. Difficult Urination or Zhuan Bao (bladder torsion causing retention), abdominal fullness and distress; if not treated urgently, it can be fatal. Use 1 liang of Qin Jiao, 1 zhan of water, decoct to 0.7 portion, divide into two doses. Another prescription: add Dong Kui Zi (Abutilon Seed) in equal amounts, pulverize, take one bi (coin-sized measure) with wine. (*Shenghui Fang*). Fetal Restlessness: Qin Jiao, Zhi Gan Cao (Honey-fried Licorice Root), Lu Jiao Jiao (Deer Horn Gelatin, stir-fried) each 0.5 liang. Pulverize. Take 3 qian per dose, decocted in water... Early stage of Fa Bei (back carbuncle) when suspected. Immediately decoct Qin Jiao with cow's milk and take; after obtaining rapid loose stools three to five times, it heals. (Cui Yuanliang's *Haishang Jiyan Fang*). Non-healing wound ulcers, treating all types. Pulverize Qin Jiao and apply externally. (*Zhizhi Fang*)