（《纲目》）
【释名】角黍。
时珍曰∶ 俗作粽。古人以菰芦叶裹黍米煮成，尖角，如棕榈叶心之形，故曰粽，曰角
黍。近世多用糯米矣。今俗五月五日以为节物相馈送。或言为祭屈原，作此投江，以饲蛟龙
也。
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】五月五日取粽尖，和截疟药，良（时珍）。
（《纲目》）
【释名】捻头（钱乙）、环饼（《要术》）、 。
时珍曰∶寒具，冬春可留数月，及寒食禁烟用之，故名寒具。捻头，捻其头也。环饼，
象环钏形也。 ，易消散也。服虔《通俗文》谓之 ，张揖《广雅》谓之 KT ，《楚辞》
谓之 ，《杂字解诂》谓之
膏环。
【集解】时珍曰∶钱乙方中有捻头散，葛洪《肘后》有捻头汤，医书不载。按∶郑玄注
《周礼》云∶寒具，米食也。贾思勰《要术》云∶环饼一名寒具，以水搜，入牛羊脂和作之
，入口即碎。林洪《清供》云∶寒具，捻头也。以糯粉和面，麻油煎成，以糖食之。可留月
余，宜禁烟用。观此，则寒具即今 子也。以糯粉和面，入少盐，牵索纽捻成环钏之形，油
煎食之。苏东坡《寒具诗》云∶纤手搓成玉数寻，碧油煎出嫩黄深。夜来春睡无轻重，压扁
佳人缠臂金。
【气味】甘、咸，温，无毒。
【主治】利大小便，润肠，温中益气（时珍）。
【附方】新二。
钱氏捻头散，治小儿小便不通∶用延胡索、苦楝子等分，为末。每服半钱或一钱，以捻
头汤食前调下。如无捻头，滴油数点代之。（钱氏小儿方）。
血痢不止∶地榆晒研为末。每服二钱，掺在羊血上，炙热食之，以捻头煎汤送下。或以
地
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】角黍。
李时珍说：俗称为粽。古人用菰叶或芦叶包裹黍米煮熟，形状呈尖角，如同棕榈叶心的形状，所以叫“粽”，也叫“角黍”。近代多用糯米制作。现在习俗是在五月五日作为节日物品互相馈赠。有人说这是为了祭祀屈原，制作这种食物投入江中，用来喂养蛟龙。
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】在五月五日取粽子的尖端，与截断疟疾的药物配合使用，效果很好（李时珍）。
（《本草纲目》）
【释名】捻头（钱乙）、环饼（《齐民要术》）、粔籹。
李时珍说：寒具，在冬春季节可以保存数月，且在寒食节禁烟期间食用，所以名叫“寒具”。“捻头”是因为其形状是捏制而成的头部；“环饼”是因为其形状像玉环和臂钏。“粔籹”是指容易消散的食物。服虔的《通俗文》称之为粔籹，张揖的《广雅》称之为KT（注：原文此处为古字或异体字，指代同类食品），《楚辞》称之为粔籹，《杂字解诂》称之为膏环。
【集解】李时珍说：钱乙的方剂中有捻头散，葛洪的《肘后备急方》中有捻头汤，但医书中没有记载其具体制作方法。查考郑玄注释《周礼》说：寒具，是一种米制食品。贾思勰的《齐民要术》说：环饼又名寒具，用水调和面粉，加入牛脂或羊脂制作而成，入口即碎。林洪的《清供》说：寒具就是捻头。用糯米粉和面，用麻油煎熟，蘸糖食用。可以保存一个多月，适宜在禁烟期间食用。由此看来，寒具就是现在的馓子。用糯米粉和面，加入少许盐，拉扯扭拧成玉环臂钏的形状，用油煎熟食用。苏东坡的《寒具诗》写道：“纤手搓成玉数寻，碧油煎出嫩黄深。夜来春睡无轻重，压扁佳人缠臂金。”
【气味】味甘、咸，性温，无毒。
【主治】通利大小便，润肠，温中益气（李时珍）。
【附方】新增二则。
钱氏捻头散，治疗小儿小便不通：用延胡索、苦楝子各等分，研成粉末。每次服用半钱或一钱，在饭前用捻头汤调服。如果没有捻头，滴几滴油代替。（出自《钱氏小儿方》）。
血痢不止：将地榆晒干研成粉末。每次服用二钱，撒在羊血上，烤热后食用，用捻头煎成的汤送服。或者用地榆……
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Jiaoshu (Triangular Rice Dumpling).
Li Shizhen stated: It is commonly known as Zong. In ancient times, glutinous millet was wrapped in Zulu leaves (leaves of Zizania latifolia or reeds) and boiled into a shape with pointed corners, resembling the heart of a palm leaf; hence it is called "Zong" or "Jiaoshu". In later generations, glutinous rice has been mostly used. Currently, it is customary to exchange them as festival gifts on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Some say this is to sacrifice to Qu Yuan, casting these into the river to feed the dragons and crocodiles.
[Taste and Nature] Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Taking the tip of the Zong on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month and combining it with antimalarial herbs yields good results (Li Shizhen).
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Names] Niantou (Qian Yi), Huanbing (Qimin Yaoshu), Juyu.
Li Shizhen stated: Hanju can be stored for several months during winter and spring, and is used during the Cold Food Festival when fire is prohibited, thus named "Hanju" (Cold Provision). "Niantou" refers to its head being pinched/pulled; "Huanbing" refers to its ring-like shape resembling jade rings or armlets. "Juyu" refers to food that crumbles easily. Fu Qian's Putongwen calls it Juyu, Zhang Yi's Guangya calls it KT (ancient character), Chu Ci calls it Juyu, and Zazi Jiegu calls it Gaohuan.
[Explanation] Li Shizhen stated: Qian Yi's formula includes Niantou San, and Ge Hong's Zhouhou Beiji Fang includes Niantou Tang, but medical texts do not record their preparation methods. According to Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Rites of Zhou: Hanju is a rice-based food. Jia Sixie's Qimin Yaoshu states: Huanbing, also known as Hanju, is made by kneading flour with water and mixing in beef or mutton fat; it crumbles upon entering the mouth. Lin Hong's Qinggong states: Hanju is Niantou. It is made by mixing glutinous rice flour with dough, frying in sesame oil, and eating with sugar. It can be kept for over a month and is suitable for use during the fire-prohibition period. From this, we see that Hanju is the modern Sansui (Sesame Twisted Dough Stick). It is made by mixing glutinous rice flour with dough, adding a little salt, pulling and twisting into the shape of jade rings or armlets, and frying in oil. Su Dongpo's poem "Hanju" reads: "Slender hands rub it into jade strands, fried in green oil to a tender yellow depth. Last night's spring sleep had no weight, flattening the beauty's golden armlet."
[Taste and Nature] Sweet, salty, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Promotes urination and defecation, moistens the intestines, warms the middle and benefits Qi (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Formulas] Two new formulas.
Qian Shi Niantou San, treating infantile urinary retention: Use equal parts of Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) and Kulianzi (Melia Toosendan Fruit), grind into powder. Take half a qian or one qian each time, mixed with Niantou Tang before meals. If Niantou is unavailable, a few drops of oil can substitute (from Qianshi Xia'er Fang).
Unceasing bloody dysentery: Dry Dituye (Sanguisorba Radix) and grind into powder. Take two qian each time, sprinkle onto sheep blood, roast until hot, and eat, washed down with decoction of Niantou. Or use Dituye...