（《本经》上品）
【释名】属折（《本经》）、接骨（《别录》）、龙豆（《本经》）、南草（《别录》）。
时珍曰∶续断、属折、接骨，皆
以功命名也。
【集解】《别录》曰∶续断生常山山谷，七月、八月采，阴干。
日采。
弘景曰∶按《桐君药录》云∶续断生蔓延，叶细茎如荏，大根本，黄白有汁，七月、八
月采根。今皆用茎叶节节断，皮黄皱，状如鸡脚者，又呼为桑上寄生。时人又有接骨树，高
丈余许，叶似蒴 ，皮主金疮。广州又有续断藤，一名诺藤，断其茎，以器承取汁饮，疗虚
损绝伤，用沐头，长发，折枝插地即生。恐皆非真。李当之云是虎蓟，与此大乖，但虎蓟亦
疗血。
恭曰∶所在山谷皆有。今俗用者，叶似苎而茎方，根如大蓟，黄白色。陶说非也。
颂曰∶今陕西、河中、兴元、
舒、越、晋、绛诸州亦有之。三月以后生苗，干四棱，似
苎麻，叶两两相对而生。四月开花，红白色，似益母花。根如大蓟，赤黄色。谨按∶《范汪
方》云∶续断即是马蓟，与小蓟叶相似，但大于小蓟尔。叶似旁翁菜而小浓，两边有刺，刺
人，其花紫色，与今越州所图者相类。而市之货者，亦有数种，少能辨其粗良。医人但以节
节断、皮黄皱者为真。
曰∶凡使勿用草茅根，缘真相似，若误服令人筋软。
时珍曰∶续断之说不一。桐君言是蔓生，叶似荏。李当之、范汪并言是虎蓟。《日华子》
言是大蓟，一名山牛
蓟条，颇难依据。但自汉以来，皆以大蓟为续断，相承久矣。究其实，则二苏所云，似与桐
君相符，当以为正。今人所用，以川中来，色赤而瘦，折之有烟尘起者为良焉。郑樵《通志》
谓范汪所说者乃南续断，不知何据？盖以别川续断耳。
根
【修治】 曰∶凡采得根，横切锉之，又去向里硬筋，以酒浸一伏时，焙干，入药用。
【气味】苦，微温，无毒。《别录》曰∶辛。普曰∶神农、雷公、
李当之∶苦，无毒；扁鹊∶辛，无毒。
之才曰∶地黄为之使，恶雷丸。
【主治】伤寒，补不足，金疮痈疡折跌，续筋骨，妇人乳难。久服益气力
妇人崩中漏血，金疮血内漏，止痛生肌肉，及 伤恶血腰痛
毒，通宣血脉（甄权）。助气，补五劳七伤，破症结瘀
妇
人产前后一切病，胎漏，子宫冷，面黄虚肿，缩小便，止泄精尿血（大明）。
【发明】时珍曰∶宋张叔潜秘书，知剑州时，其阁下病血痢。一医用平胃散一两，入川
续断末二钱半。每服二钱，水煎服即愈。绍兴壬子，会稽时行痢疾。叔潜之子以方传人，往
往有验。小儿痢服之效。
【附方】旧二，新二。
小便淋沥∶生续断捣绞汁服。即马蓟根也。（《古今录验》）妊娠胎动，两、三月堕，预
宜服此∶川续断（酒浸）、杜仲（姜汁炒去丝）各二两。为末，枣肉煮烂杵和丸梧子大。每
服三
十丸，米饮下。产后诸疾血晕，心闷烦热，厌厌气欲绝，心头硬，乍寒乍热∶续断皮一握。
水三升，煎二升，分三服。如人行一里，再服，无所忌。此药救产后垂死。（《子母秘录》）
打扑伤损，闪肭骨节∶用接骨草叶捣烂罨之，立效。（《卫生易简方
（《神农本草经》列为上品）
【释名】属折（出自《神农本草经》）、接骨（出自《名医别录》）、龙豆（出自《神农本草经》）、南草（出自《名医别录》）。
李时珍说：续断、属折、接骨，都是根据它的功效来命名的。
【集解】《名医别录》说：续断生长在常山的山谷中，七月、八月采集，阴干。
陶弘景说：查考《桐君药录》记载：续断是蔓生植物，叶子细小，茎像荏（一种植物），根部肥大，呈黄白色且有汁液，七月、八月采集根部。现在人们使用的都是茎叶节节断开，皮色黄且皱缩，形状像鸡脚的，又被称为桑上寄生。当时人还有一种叫接骨树的，高约一丈多，叶子像蒴藋，树皮主治金疮。广州还有一种续断藤，又名诺藤，折断其茎，用容器承接流出的汁液饮用，治疗虚损和绝伤，用来洗头可以长发，折断枝条插在地上就能生根。恐怕这些都不是真正的续断。李当之说是虎蓟，这与实际情况大相径庭，但虎蓟也能治疗血证。
苏恭说：各地的山谷都有。现在民间使用的，叶子像苎麻而茎是方形的，根像大蓟，呈黄白色。陶弘景的说法是不对的。
苏颂说：现在陕西、河中、兴元、舒、越、晋、绛等州也有。三月以后长出苗，茎四棱形，像苎麻，叶子两两相对生长。四月开花，红白色，像益母草的花。根像大蓟，赤黄色。谨按：《范汪方》说：续断就是马蓟，与小蓟的叶子相似，只是比小蓟大一些。叶子像旁翁菜但较小且浓密，两边有刺，刺人，花是紫色的，与现在越州所画的图相似。而市场上售卖的，也有几种，很少有人能辨别优劣。医生只以节节断开、皮黄皱缩的为真品。
寇宗奭说：凡使用续断，不要用草茅根，因为真的续断与它相似，如果误服会让人筋软。
李时珍说：关于续断的说法不一。桐君说是蔓生，叶子像荏。李当之、范汪都说是虎蓟。《日华子诸家本草》说是大蓟，又名山牛蓟条，很难依据。但从汉代以来，都以大蓟作为续断，沿袭已久。究其实质，则苏颂、苏颂父子（注：此处原文“二苏”通常指苏颂及前文苏恭，或泛指宋代苏姓医家观点，结合语境指符合桐君描述的品种）所说的，似乎与桐君相符，应当作为正解。现在人们所用的，以从四川来的，颜色赤红且瘦削，折断时有烟尘升起的为优良。郑樵《通志》说范汪所说的是南续断，不知依据什么？大概是为了区分川续断罢了。
【修治】寇宗奭说：凡是采得根部，横切锉碎，去掉里面的硬筋，用酒浸泡一个时辰（约两小时），焙干，入药使用。
【气味】苦，微温，无毒。《名医别录》说：辛。雷斅说：神农、雷公、李当之认为：苦，无毒；扁鹊认为：辛，无毒。
徐之才说：地黄是它的使药，畏雷丸。
【主治】伤寒，补不足，金疮痈疡骨折跌打损伤，接续筋骨，妇人乳汁不通。久服益气力。治疗妇人崩中漏血，金疮血内漏，止痛生肌肉，以及跌打损伤恶血腰痛毒，通宣血脉（甄权）。助气，补五劳七伤，破除症结瘀血。治疗妇人产前后一切病，胎漏，子宫冷，面黄虚肿，缩小便，止泄精尿血（孟诜/大明）。
【发明】李时珍说：宋代张叔潜任秘书监，在担任剑州知州时，他府邸下有人患血痢。一位医生用平胃散一两，加入川续断末二钱半。每次服用二钱，水煎服即愈。绍兴壬子年，会稽流行痢疾。张叔潜的儿子将此方传给别人，往往有效。小儿痢疾服用也有效。
【附方】旧方二首，新方二首。
小便淋沥：生续断捣烂绞汁服用。这就是马蓟根。（《古今录验》）妊娠胎动不安，怀孕两三个月易流产，预先宜服用此方：川续断（酒浸）、杜仲（姜汁炒去丝）各二两。研为末，枣肉煮烂捣和做成梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用三十丸，米汤送下。产后各种疾病引起的血晕，心闷烦热，气息微弱欲绝，心头硬满，忽冷忽热：取续断皮一握。水三升，煎至二升，分三次服用。如人行走一里路的路程，再服用一次，没有禁忌。此药可救治产后垂危之症。（《子母秘录》）
打扑伤损，闪肭骨节：用接骨草叶捣烂敷贴患处，立即见效。（《卫生易简方》）
(Superior Grade in *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Names] Shuzhe (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Jiegu (from *Mingyi Bielu*), Longdou (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Nancao (from *Mingyi Bielu*).
Li Shizhen said: Xuduan, Shuzhe, and Jiegu are all named after their therapeutic functions.
[Collection and Explanation] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Xuduan grows in the valleys of Changshan. It is harvested in the seventh and eighth lunar months and dried in the shade.
Tao Hongjing stated: According to *Tongjun Yaolu*, Xuduan is a creeping vine with fine leaves and stems resembling *Perilla frutescens* (Renz). The root is large, yellowish-white, and juicy; the roots are harvested in the seventh and eighth lunar months. Currently, what is used are those with segmented stems and leaves, yellowish wrinkled bark, resembling chicken feet, also called Sangshang Jisheng (Mistletoe on Mulberry). There is also a tree known as Jiegu Tree, over one zhang tall, with leaves resembling *Oenothera* and bark used for treating metal wounds. In Guangzhou, there is another Xuduan Vine, also known as Nuoteng. When its stem is broken, the exuded juice is collected in a vessel and drunk to treat deficiency injuries and severe trauma; washing the head with it promotes hair growth, and inserting broken branches into the ground allows them to take root. These are likely not the true Xuduan. Li Dangzhi identified it as Huji (Cirsium japonicum), which differs greatly from this description, although Huji also treats blood disorders.
Su Gong stated: It is found in valleys everywhere. The variety currently used by common people has leaves resembling ramie but with square stems, and roots resembling Daji (Cirsium japonicum var. setosum), appearing yellowish-white. Tao's description is incorrect.
Su Song stated: It is now also found in Shaanxi, Hezhong, Xingyuan, Shu, Yue, Jin, Jiang, and other prefectures. Seedlings emerge after the third lunar month; the stem is quadrangular, resembling ramie, with opposite leaves. Flowers appear in the fourth lunar month, red and white, resembling motherwort flowers. The root resembles Daji, reddish-yellow. Upon careful examination: *Fan Wang Fang* states that Xuduan is Mabei (Cirsium setosum), similar in leaf shape to Xiaoji (Cirsium setosum var. brevicapitatum) but larger. The leaves resemble *Brassica rapa* subsp. *chinensis* but are smaller and denser, with thorns on both sides that prick the skin; the flowers are purple, resembling the illustration from Yuezhou. However, various types are sold in markets, few of which can be distinguished as good or bad. Physicians consider those with segmented joints and yellowish wrinkled bark to be authentic.
Kou Zongshi stated: When using Xuduan, do not use Caomaogen (roots of grass-like plants), as they resemble the true herb; mistaken ingestion causes tendons to become soft.
Li Shizhen stated: There are various theories regarding Xuduan. Tongjun described it as a creeping vine with leaves like Renz. Li Dangzhi and Fan Wang both identified it as Huji. *Rihuazi Zhujia Bencao* identified it as Daji, also known as Shanniujitiiao, making it difficult to rely upon. However, since the Han dynasty, Daji has been used as Xuduan, a tradition long established. Investigating the reality, the descriptions by the two Sus (Su Gong and Su Song) seem consistent with Tongjun's account and should be considered correct. The current usage prefers varieties from Sichuan, which are reddish and slender, and produce dust-like particles when broken; these are considered superior. Zheng Qiao's *Tongzhi* claims that Fan Wang's description refers to Nan Xuduan (Southern Xuduan), but without basis, likely merely to distinguish it from Chuan Xuduan (Sichuan Xuduan).
[Processing] Kou Zongshi stated: Upon harvesting the roots, slice them transversely and chop them. Remove the hard fibers inside. Soak in wine for one shichen (two hours), then dry by baking for medicinal use.
[Properties and Flavor] Bitter, slightly warm, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* adds: Pungent. Lei Xiao stated: Shennong, Leigong, and Li Dangzhi considered it bitter and non-toxic; Bian Que considered it pungent and non-toxic.
Xu Zhicai stated: Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) acts as its guiding drug; it is incompatible with Leiwan.
[Indications] Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage), tonifies deficiencies, treats metal wounds, abscesses, fractures, and dislocations; reconnects bones and sinews; treats difficulty in lactation in women. Long-term use strengthens Qi and increases vitality. Treats Bingzhong (uterine bleeding) and Louxue (persistent spotting) in women; internal bleeding from metal wounds; relieves pain, generates flesh; treats traumatic stasis causing lower back pain and toxicity; unblocks and circulates Blood vessels (Zhen Quan). Augments Qi, tonifies Wu Lao Qi Shang (Five Exhausions and Seven Injuries); breaks up masses and resolves blood stasis. Treats all postpartum diseases in women, Taile (fetal leakage), cold uterus, sallow complexion with edema, reduces urination volume, stops spermatorrhea and hematuria (Meng Shen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: Zhang Shuqian, a Secretary of the Song Dynasty, while serving as Prefect of Jianzhou, had a patient in his residence suffering from bloody dysentery. A physician prescribed Pingwei San (One liang) mixed with powdered Chuan Xuduan (Two qian half). Each dose was two qian, decocted in water and taken orally, resulting in immediate cure. In the Renzi year of Shaoxing, dysentery was epidemic in Kuaiji. Zhang Shuqian's son transmitted this formula, and it proved effective frequently. It is also effective for pediatric dysentery.
[Attached Formulas] Two old formulas, two new formulas.
Linli (Dysuria): Crush fresh Xuduan and extract the juice for oral administration. This is the root of Mabei (*Cirsium setosum*). (*Gujin Luyan*)
Fetal restlessness during pregnancy, prone to miscarriage at two or three months: Take Chuan Xuduan (soaked in wine) and Duzhong (stir-fried with ginger juice until silk threads are removed), each two liang. Grind into powder, mix with cooked jujube paste, and form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take thirty pills per dose, washed down with rice broth.
Postpartum disorders such as blood syncope, chest oppression, irritability and heat, weak breath nearly ceasing, hardness in the heart region, alternating chills and fever: Take one handful of Xuduan bark. Decoct in three sheng of water until reduced to two sheng. Divide into three doses. Administer another dose after walking the distance of one li. No dietary restrictions apply. This medicine saves lives in critical postpartum conditions. (*Zimu Milu*)
Traumatic injuries and joint sprains: Apply crushed leaves of Jiegu Cao (Adenophora tetraphylla or similar local species) topically for immediate effect. (*Weisheng Yijian Fang*)