（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶罔两一作魍魉。又作方良，《周礼》方相氏执戈入圹，以驱方良，是
矣。罔两好食亡者肝，故驱之。其性畏虎、柏，故墓上树石虎，植柏。《国语》云∶木石之
怪，夔、罔两；水石之怪，龙、罔象。即此。《述异记》云∶秦时陈仓人猎得兽，若彘若羊。
逢二童子曰∶此名弗述，又名 ，在地下食死人脑。但以柏插其首则死。此即罔两也。虽
于药石无与，而于死人有关，故录之。其方相有四目，若二目者为 ，皆鬼物也，古人设人
像之。昔费长房识李娥药丸用方相脑，则其物亦入辟邪方药，而法失传矣。
（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶按《白泽图》云∶木之精名曰彭侯，状如黑狗，无尾，可烹食。千岁
之木有精曰贾 ，状如豚，食之味如狗。《搜神记》云∶吴时敬叔伐大樟树血出，中有物，
人面狗身。敬叔云∶此名彭侯。乃烹而食之，味如狗也。
肉
【气味】甘、酸，温，无毒。
【主治】食之辟邪，令人志壮（《白泽》）。
（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶按江邻几《杂志》云∶徐积于庐州河次得一小儿，手无指无血，惧而
埋之。此《白泽图》所谓封，食之多力者也。田汝成《西湖志》云∶董表仪撤屋掘土，得一
肉块。术士云∶太岁也。弃之，亦无害。又《山海经》务隅之山，及开明南、北，东南海外
并有视肉。郭璞注云∶聚肉形如牛肝，有两目。食之无尽，寻复更生如旧也。此皆封类可食
者，但人不知耳。又海中一种土肉，正黑，长五寸，大如小儿臂，有腹无口目，有三十足，
可炙食。此又虫、鱼之属，类乎封者也。
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：罔两，又写作“魍魉”，也写作“方良”。《周礼》中记载，方相氏手持戈进入墓穴，以驱赶方良，说的就是这个。罔两喜欢吃死人的肝脏，所以要驱赶它。它的本性畏惧老虎和柏树，所以在坟墓上树立石虎，种植柏树。《国语》中说：木头和石头里的怪物，有夔、罔两；水和石头里的怪物，有龙、罔象。指的就是这些。《述异记》中说：秦朝时陈仓有个猎人捕到一只野兽，形状像猪又像羊。遇到两个小孩说：这名叫弗述，又名 ，生活在地下吃死人的脑髓。只要用柏树枝插在它的头上它就会死。这就是罔两。虽然它与药物无关，但关系到死人，所以记录下来。那种方相氏有四只眼睛，只有两只眼睛的是 ，都是鬼怪之物，古人制作人像来模拟它们。从前费长房知道李娥的药丸里用了方相的脑子，那么这种物体也用于辟邪的方药中，但方法已经失传了。
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：查阅《白泽图》记载：树木的精气名叫彭侯，形状像黑狗，没有尾巴，可以烹煮食用。千年的树木有精气名叫贾 ，形状像小猪，食用味道像狗肉。《搜神记》中说：吴国时敬叔砍伐大樟树流出血，里面有东西，是人面狗身。敬叔说：这名叫彭侯。于是烹煮并食用它，味道像狗肉。
【气味】味甘、酸，性温，无毒。
【主治】食用它可以辟除邪气，使人意志壮盛（出自《白泽图》）。
（《本草纲目》）
【集解】李时珍说：查阅江邻几的《杂志》记载：徐积在庐州河边得到一个小孩，手上没有手指也没有血，害怕地把它埋掉了。这就是《白泽图》所说的封，多吃它可以增加力气。田汝成的《西湖志》中说：董表仪拆除房屋挖掘泥土，得到一块肉。术士说：这是太岁。扔掉它，也没有害处。另外《山海经》中提到务隅山，以及开明山的南、北、东南海外都有视肉。郭璞注释说：聚拢的肉形状像牛肝，有两只眼睛。吃了它不会吃完，随即又恢复原状。这些都是封类可食用的东西，只是人们不知道罢了。另外海中有一种土肉，颜色正黑，长五寸，大小像小孩的手臂，有肚子没有口眼，有三十只脚，可以烤着吃。这又是虫、鱼类的一类，类似于封的东西。
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: Wangliang (Wangliang, a mythical water spirit) is also written as "Wangliang" (Wangliang, a mountain spirit), or "Fangliang" (Fangliang, a demon). The *Rites of Zhou* records that the Fangxiangshi (Officer who Exorcises Evil Spirits) holds a halberd and enters the tomb to drive away Fangliang; this refers to it. Wangliang likes to eat the liver of the deceased, hence it must be driven away. Its nature fears tigers and cypress trees, therefore stone tigers are erected on tombs and cypress trees are planted. The *Guoyu* states: "The monsters of wood and stone are Kui and Wangliang; the monsters of water and stone are Long (Dragon) and Wangxiang." This refers to these. The *Shuyou Ji* states: "During the Qin dynasty, a hunter from Chencang caught a beast resembling both a pig and a sheep. Two children appeared and said: 'This is named Fushu, also known as [Name Missing], which lives underground eating the brains of the dead. It dies if a cypress branch is inserted into its head.' This is Wangliang. Although it has no relation to medicinal herbs, it concerns the deceased, so it is recorded. The Fangxiangshi has four eyes; those with two eyes are [Name Missing]. These are all ghostly entities, and ancients created human effigies to represent them. In the past, Fei Changfang knew that Li E's pill used the brain of the Fangxiangshi; thus, such substances were also used in exorcism prescriptions, but the method has been lost."
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: According to the *Baize Tu*, "The essence of trees is called Penghou (Penghou, a tree spirit), shaped like a black dog, without a tail, which can be cooked and eaten. The essence of thousand-year-old trees is called Jia [Name Missing], shaped like a piglet; eating it tastes like dog meat." The *Soushen Ji* states: "During the Wu period, Jingshu chopped down a large camphor tree, and blood flowed out. Inside was an object with a human face and a dog's body. Jingshu said: 'This is named Penghou.' He then cooked and ate it, and it tasted like dog meat."
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet and sour, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Eating it wards off evil spirits and strengthens one's willpower (*Baize Tu*).
(Compendium of Materia Medica)
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: Consulting Jiang Linji's *Zazhi*, "Xu Ji found a child by the river in Luzhou, with no fingers and no blood on his hands. Fearing it, he buried it. This is what the *Baize Tu* calls Feng (Feng, a type of earth spirit); consuming it increases strength." Tian Yucheng's *Xihu Zhi* states: "Dong Biaoyi demolished a house and dug up the soil, finding a piece of flesh. A sorcerer said: 'This is Taisui (Tai Sui, the God of Age).' Discarding it causes no harm." Additionally, the *Shanhai Jing* mentions Wuyu Mountain, as well as south, north, and southeast of the sea outside Kaiming, where there is "Shiru" (Shiru, View Meat). Guo Pu commented: "It is clustered flesh shaped like ox liver, with two eyes. Eating it does not deplete it; it regenerates to its original state immediately." These are all edible items of the Feng category, though people are unaware of them. Furthermore, there is a type of earth-flesh in the sea, jet black, five inches long, as thick as a child's arm, with a belly but no mouth or eyes, possessing thirty legs, which can be roasted and eaten. This belongs to the categories of insects and fish, similar to Feng.