（《别录》下品）
【校正】并入《拾遗》江中采出芦。
【释名】苇（音伟）、葭（音加），花名
时珍曰∶按毛苌
《诗疏》云∶苇之初生曰葭；未秀曰芦；长成曰苇。苇者，伟大也。芦者，色卢黑也
。葭者，嘉美也。
【集解】恭曰∶芦根生下湿地。茎叶似竹，花若荻花，名蓬
用。
颂曰∶今在处有之，生下湿陂泽中。其状都似竹，而叶抱茎生，无枝。花白作穗若茅花。
根亦若竹根而节疏。其根取水底味甘辛者。其露出及浮水中者，并不堪用。按郭璞注《尔雅》
云∶葭，即芦也；苇，即芦之成者。 ， ，似苇而
谓
之KT ，即荻也
花皆名 （音调）。其萌皆名 ，堪食如竹
作
帘者是也。所谓 者，今以当薪者
物。水旁下
色者，谓之碧芦，亦难得。然则芦苇皆可通用矣。
时珍曰∶芦有数种∶其长丈许中空
空、皮浓、色青苍者， 也，
已成得名。其身皆如竹，其叶皆长如箬叶。其根入药，性味皆同。其未解叶者，古谓之紫 。
曰∶芦根须要逆水生，并黄泡肥浓者，去须节并赤黄皮用。
根
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】消渴客热，止小便利（《别录》）。疗反胃呕逆不下食，胃中
良（苏恭）。解大热，开胃，治噎哕不止
明）。
笋
【气味】小苦，冷，无毒。
【主治】膈间客热，止渴，利小便，解河豚及诸鱼蟹毒（宁原）。解诸肉毒（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶按《雷公炮炙论》序云∶益食加觞，须煎芦、朴。注云∶用逆水芦根
并浓朴二味等分，煎汤服。盖芦根甘能益胃，寒能降火故也。
【附方】旧六，新六。
生姜各十两，橘皮、茯苓各五两，水二斗，煮八升，去滓，分五服，取汗乃瘥。（《外台秘
要》）
水煮浓汁，频饮二升。必效。若以童子小便煮服，不过三服愈。（《肘后方》）
膈气滞，烦闷不下食∶芦根五两（锉）。以水三大盏，煮取二盏，去滓温服。（《金匮玉函方》）
反胃上气∶芦根、茅根各二两。水四升，煮二升，分服。（《千金方》）
霍乱烦闷∶芦根三钱，麦门冬一钱。水煎服。（《千金方》）
霍乱胀痛∶芦根一升，生姜一升，
橘皮五两。水八升，煎三升，分服。（《太平圣惠方》）
食狗肉毒，心下坚，或腹胀口干，忽发热妄语∶芦根煮汁服。（《梅师方》）
中马肉毒∶方同上。（《圣惠》）
鱼毒∶方同上。（《肘后方》）
食蟹中毒∶方同上。（《千金》）
中药箭毒∶方同上。（《千金》）
茎、叶
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】霍乱呕逆，肺痈烦热，痈疽。烧灰淋汁，煎膏，蚀恶肉，去黑子（时珍）
治金疮，生肉灭瘢（徐之才）。江
【发明】时珍曰∶古方煎药，多用劳水及陈芦火，取其水不强，火不盛也。芦中空虚，
故能入心肺，治上焦虚热。
【附方】新七。
霍乱烦渴腹胀∶芦叶一握，水煎服。又方∶芦叶五钱，糯米二钱半，竹茹一钱。水煎，入
姜汁、蜜各半合，煎两沸，时时呷之。（《圣惠方》）
吐血不止∶芦荻外皮烧灰，勿令白，为末，入蚌粉少许，研匀。麦门冬汤服一、二钱。
三服可救一人。（《圣惠方》）
肺痈咳嗽，烦满微热，心胸甲错∶苇茎汤∶用苇茎（切）二升，水二斗
桃
仁五十枚，薏苡仁、瓜瓣各半升，煮取二升，服。当吐出脓血而愈。（张
发背溃烂∶陈芦叶为末，以葱椒汤洗净，敷之神效。（《乾坤秘韫》）
痈疽恶肉∶白炭灰、荻灰等分。煎膏涂之。蚀尽恶肉，以生肉膏贴之。亦去黑子。此药
只可留十日，久则不效。（葛洪《肘后方》）
小儿秃疮∶以盐汤洗净，蒲苇灰敷之。（《圣济总录》）
蓬
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】霍乱。水煮浓汁服，
大验（苏恭）。煮汁服，解中鱼蟹毒（苏颂）。烧
【附方】新二。
干霍乱病，心腹胀痛∶芦蓬茸一把，水煮浓汁，顿服二升。（《肘后方》）
诸般血病∶水芦花、红花、槐花、白鸡冠花、茅花等分。水二钟，煎一钟服。（万表《积
善
（收录于《名医别录》下品）
【校正】将原分散在《拾遗》中记载的“从江中采出的芦”合并于此。
【释名】苇（音同“伟”）、葭（音同“加”），指其花名为蓬。
李时珍说：据毛苌《诗经注疏》记载：芦苇初生时称为葭；尚未抽穗时称为芦；长成后称为苇。“苇”意为伟大，“芦”意为颜色黑黄，“葭”意为嘉美。
【集解】苏恭说：芦根生长在低湿之地。茎叶像竹子，花像荻花，花序称为蓬。
苏颂说：现在各地都有生长，生于低湿的池塘沼泽中。形状都像竹子，但叶子抱茎而生，没有分枝。花白色，呈穗状，像茅花。根也像竹根，但节间稀疏。其中取水底味甘辛的芦根才可用。那些露出水面或浮在水中的部分，都不堪药用。据郭璞注释《尔雅》说：葭就是芦；苇就是长成的芦。[此处原文有缺字，意指似苇而不同者]称为KT（疑为荻类），即荻也。它们的花都称为（音调，指花穗）。它们的嫩芽都称为（疑为笋类），可以吃，就像用来做竹帘的那种一样。所谓[某物]，是指现在当作柴烧的东西。水边下部颜色发青的，称为碧芦，也很难得。既然这样，那么芦苇都可以通用了。
李时珍说：芦有好几种：那种长约一丈、中空、皮厚、颜色青苍的，是已成名的苇。它的身体都像竹子，叶子都像箬竹叶。其根入药，性味都相同。那些还没有长出叶子的，古代称为紫[芦]。[某医家]说：芦根必须选取逆水生长的，并且要肥大浓绿的，去掉须、节以及赤黄色的皮使用。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】消除消渴病引起的客热，止小便频数（出自《名医别录》）。治疗反胃呕吐、饮食不下，温暖胃部（苏恭）。解除大热，开胃，治疗噎膈和呃逆不止（苏明）。
【气味】小苦，冷，无毒。
【主治】清除胸膈间的客热，止渴，利小便，解河豚及各类鱼蟹毒（宁原）。解各种肉类毒素（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：据《雷公炮炙论》序言记载：“进食饮酒时，需要煎煮芦根和厚朴。”注解说：用逆水芦根和厚朴两味药等分，煎汤服用。这是因为芦根味甘能补益胃气，味寒能降火的原因。
【附方】旧方六首，新方六首。
生姜各十两，橘皮、茯苓各五两，水二斗，煮取八升，去渣，分五次服用，出汗后病愈。（《外台秘要》）
芦根水煮成浓汁，频频饮用二升。必定有效。如果用童子小便煎服，不超过三次即可痊愈。（《肘后方》）
膈气阻滞，烦闷不能进食：芦根五两（锉碎）。用水三大盏，煮取二盏，去渣温服。（《金匮玉函方》）
反胃上气：芦根、茅根各二两。水四升，煮取二升，分次服用。（《千金方》）
霍乱烦闷：芦根三钱，麦门冬一钱。水煎服。（《千金方》）
霍乱胀痛：芦根一升，生姜一升，橘皮五两。水八升，煎取三升，分次服用。（《太平圣惠方》）
食用狗肉中毒，心下坚硬，或腹胀口干，忽然发热胡言乱语：芦根煮汁服用。（《梅师方》）
食用马肉中毒：方剂同上。（《圣惠方》）
鱼类中毒：方剂同上。（《肘后方》）
食用螃蟹中毒：方剂同上。（《千金方》）
误中中药箭毒：方剂同上。（《千金方》）
茎、叶
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】霍乱呕吐逆气，肺痈烦热，痈疽。烧成灰淋汁，煎膏，腐蚀恶肉，去除黑痣（李时珍）。治疗金疮，促进生肌，消除疤痕（徐之才）。
【发明】李时珍说：古方煎药，多用劳水（用力搅动过的水）和陈芦火，是因为这种水性质不强，火势不猛烈。芦中空虚，所以能入心肺，治疗上焦虚热。
【附方】新方七首。
霍乱烦渴腹胀：芦叶一握，水煎服。另一法：芦叶五钱，糯米二钱半，竹茹一钱。水煎，加入姜汁、蜂蜜各半合，再煎两沸，时时呷饮。（《圣惠方》）
吐血不止：芦荻外皮烧成灰，不要烧成白色，研为细末，加入少许蚌粉，研匀。用麦门冬汤送服一、二钱。三服药可救活一人。（《圣惠方》）
肺痈咳嗽，烦满微热，心胸皮肤粗糙如鳞甲：苇茎汤：用苇茎（切）二升，水二斗，桃仁五十枚，薏苡仁、瓜瓣各半升，煮取二升，服用。应当吐出脓血而痊愈。（张仲景方）
发背溃烂：陈芦叶研为末，用葱椒汤洗净患处，敷之，效果神奇。（《乾坤秘韫》）
痈疽恶肉：白炭灰、荻灰等分。煎膏涂之。腐蚀尽恶肉后，用生肌膏贴敷。也能去除黑痣。此药只可保留十天，久了则无效。（葛洪《肘后方》）
小儿秃疮：用盐汤洗净，用蒲苇灰敷之。（《圣济总录》）
蓬（芦花）
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。
【主治】霍乱。水煮浓汁服用，非常有效（苏恭）。煮汁服用，可解鱼蟹毒（苏颂）。烧灰[服用/外用]。
【附方】新方二首。
干霍乱病，心腹胀痛：芦蓬茸一把，水煮成浓汁，一次性服用二升。（《肘后方》）
各种血证：水芦花、红花、槐花、白鸡冠花、茅花等分。水二钟，煎取一钟服用。（万表《积善堂经验方》）
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Bie Lu*)
[Correction] Merged with the entry for "Reed collected from rivers" originally found in *Shi Yi*.
[Names] Wei (pronounced 'wei'), Jia (pronounced 'jia'); the flower is called Peng.
Li Shizhen states: According to Mao Chang's commentary on the *Classic of Poetry*, when reeds first sprout, they are called Jia; before heading out, they are called Lu; when fully grown, they are called Wei. "Wei" implies greatness; "Lu" implies a dark yellowish-black color; "Jia" implies excellence and beauty.
[Collection and Explanation] Su Gong says: Reed roots grow in low, wet areas. The stems and leaves resemble bamboo, and the flowers resemble those of silvergrass (Di), forming a plume-like inflorescence called Peng.
Su Song says: It grows everywhere now, in low, wet ponds and marshes. Its appearance is entirely like bamboo, but the leaves embrace the stem without branches. The flowers are white and spike-like, resembling mugwort flowers. The roots also resemble bamboo roots but have sparse nodes. Only those taken from the bottom of the water with a sweet and pungent taste are usable. Those exposed above water or floating on the surface are not suitable for medicinal use. According to Guo Pu's annotation of the *Erya*, Jia is Lu; Wei is the mature form of Lu. [Text missing/garbled here, likely referring to a similar plant] is called KT (likely Di), which is silvergrass. Their flowers are all called [sound term]. Their shoots are all called [term], edible like bamboo shoots, such as those used to make bamboo mats. The so-called [item] refers to what is currently used as firewood. Those growing by the water with a bluish-green lower part are called Bi Lu, which are also rare. Thus, both reeds and silvergrass can be used interchangeably.
Li Shizhen says: There are several types of reeds: those about one zhang long, hollow, with thick skin and dark green color are mature Weis. Their bodies resemble bamboo, and their leaves resemble broad reed leaves. The roots used medicinally have identical properties and flavors. Those that have not yet unfurled leaves were anciently called Zi [Lu]. [A certain physician] states: Reed roots must be selected from those growing against the current, and should be plump and thick green. Remove the rhizome scales, nodes, and reddish-yellow skin before use.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Clears exogenous heat in Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome); stops frequent urination (*Bie Lu*). Treats regurgitation, vomiting, and inability to eat; warms the stomach (Su Gong). Resolves intense heat, opens the stomach, treats dysphagia and intractable hiccups (Su Ming).
[Flavor and Toxicity] Slightly bitter, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Clears exogenous heat in the diaphragm; stops thirst; promotes urination; resolves pufferfish and various fish and crab toxins (Ning Yuan). Resolves various meat toxins (Li Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen says: According to the preface of *Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun*: "When eating and drinking wine, one must decoct Lu Gen and Hou Po." The annotation states: Use equal parts of Lu Gen growing against the current and Hou Po, decoct in water and drink. This is because Lu Gen is sweet to benefit the Stomach and cold to descend Fire.
[Attached Prescriptions] Six old prescriptions, six new prescriptions.
Fresh Ginger 10 liang, Tangerine Peel and Poria 5 liang each. Decoct in 2 dou of water to obtain 8 sheng. Strain and divide into five doses. Cure upon sweating (*Waitai Miyao*).
Decoct Reed Root in water to make a concentrated juice; drink frequently, 2 sheng at a time. Highly effective. If decocted with clear urine from an uncircumcised boy, it cures within three doses (*Zhouhou Fang*).
Diaphragmatic Qi stagnation, irritability, inability to eat: Reed Root 5 liang (chopped). Decoct in 3 large bowls of water to obtain 2 bowls. Strain and take warm (*Jingui Yuhan Fang*).
Regurgitation and rebellious Qi: Reed Root and Cogongrass Rhizome 2 liang each. Decoct in 4 sheng of water to obtain 2 sheng. Divide and take (*Qianjin Fang*).
Plague-like disorder with irritability: Reed Root 3 qian, Ophiopogon Tuber 1 qian. Decoct in water and take (*Qianjin Fang*).
Plague-like disorder with distension and pain: Reed Root 1 sheng, Fresh Ginger 1 sheng, Tangerine Peel 5 liang. Decoct in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Divide and take (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*).
Poisoning from eating dog meat, hardness below the heart, abdominal distension, dry mouth, sudden fever and delirium: Drink juice decocted from Reed Root (*Meishi Fang*).
Poisoning from eating horse meat: Same prescription as above (*Shenghui*).
Fish poisoning: Same prescription as above (*Zhouhou Fang*).
Crab poisoning: Same prescription as above (*Qianjin*).
Poisoning from traditional Chinese medicine arrows: Same prescription as above (*Qianjin*).
Stems and Leaves
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Plague-like disorder with vomiting and rebellious Qi; Lung Abscess with irritability and heat; carbuncles and sores. Burn to ash, leach with water, and decoct into a paste to cauterize foul flesh and remove black spots (Li Shizhen). Treat traumatic injuries, promote tissue regeneration, and eliminate scars (Xu Zhicai).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen says: Ancient prescriptions often used Lao Shui (water agitated vigorously) and fire from aged reeds for decoction, because this water is mild and the fire is not excessive. Since reeds are hollow inside, they can enter the Heart and Lungs to treat deficiency-heat in the Upper Jiao.
[Attached Prescriptions] Seven new prescriptions.
Plague-like disorder with irritability, thirst, and abdominal distension: A handful of Reed Leaves, decoct in water and take. Another method: Reed Leaf 5 qian, Glutinous Rice 2.5 qian, Bamboo Shavings 1 qian. Decoct in water, add Ginger Juice and Honey 0.5 he each, boil for two more boils, and sip occasionally (*Shenghui Fang*).
Unceasing hematemesis: Burn the outer skin of reeds and silvergrass to ash (do not burn white), grind into powder. Add a small amount of Concha Tridacnae Powder, mix evenly. Take 1-2 qian with Ophiopogon Decoction. Three doses can save one person (*Shenghui Fang*).
Lung Abscess with cough, irritability, slight fever, and rough skin on the chest and back: Weijing Tang: Cut Weijing (Reed Shoots) 2 sheng, add 2 dou of water, Tao Ren (Peach Seed) 50 pieces, Coicis Semen (Coix Seed) and Gua Ban (Melon Seeds) 0.5 sheng each. Decoct to obtain 2 sheng and take. Pus and blood will be vomited out, and the patient will recover (Zhang Zhongjing's formula).
Back abscess ulceration: Grind aged Reed Leaves into powder. Cleanse the area with Scallion and Pepper Soup, then apply. Extremely effective (*Qiankun Mi Yun*).
Carbuncle and sore with foul flesh: Equal parts of White Charcoal Ash and Silvergrass Ash. Decoct into a paste and apply. Cauterizes all foul flesh; afterwards, apply a flesh-regenerating paste. Also removes black spots. This medicine should only be kept for ten days; otherwise, it loses efficacy (Ge Hong's *Zhouhou Fang*).
Pediatric alopecia areata: Cleanse with Salt Solution, then apply Ash of Cattail and Reed (*Shengji Zonglu*).
Peng (Reed Flower)
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, cold, non-toxic.
[Indications] Plague-like disorder. Decoct in water to make a concentrated juice and take; highly effective (Su Gong). Decoct in water and take to resolve fish and crab toxins (Su Song). Burn [to ash/use externally].
[Attached Prescriptions] Two new prescriptions.
Dry plague-like disorder with abdominal distension and pain: One handful of Reed Plumes. Decoct in water to make a concentrated juice; take 2 sheng in one dose (*Zhouhou Fang*).
Various blood disorders: Water Reed Flower, Carthami Flos (Safflower), Sophorae Flos (Pagoda Tree Flower), White Celosiae Flos, and Cogongrass Flower in equal parts. Decoct in 2 zhong of water to obtain 1 zhong and take (Wan Biao, *Jishan Tang Jingyan Fang*).