（《本经》下品）
【释名】蚩休（《本经》）、螫休（《日华》）、紫河车（《图经》）、重台（《唐本》）、重
楼金线（《图经》）、三层草（《纲目》）、七叶一枝花（《蒙筌》）、草甘遂（《唐本》）、白甘
遂。
时珍曰∶虫蛇之毒，得此治之即休，故有蚤休、螫休诸名。重台、三层，因其叶状也。
金钱重楼，因其花状也。甘遂，因其根状也。紫河车，因其功用也。
【集解】《别录》曰∶蚤休生山阳川谷及冤句。
恭曰∶今谓重楼者，是也。一名重台，南人名草甘遂。一茎六、七叶，似王孙、鬼臼、
蓖麻辈，叶有二、三
保升曰∶叶似鬼臼、牡蒙，年久者二、三重。根如紫参，皮黄肉白。五月采根，日干。
大明曰∶根如尺二蜈蚣，又如肥紫菖蒲。
颂曰∶即紫河车也。今河中、河阳、华、凤、文州及江淮间亦有之。叶似王孙、鬼臼等，
作二、三层。六月开黄紫花，蕊赤黄色，上有金丝垂下。秋结红子。根似肥姜，皮赤肉白。
四月、五月采之。
宗 曰∶蚤休无旁枝，止一茎挺生，高尺余，颠有四、五叶。叶有歧，似苦杖。中心又
起茎，亦如是生叶。惟根入药用。
时珍曰∶重楼金线处处有之，生于深山阴湿之地。一茎独上，茎当叶心。叶绿色似芍药，
凡二、三层，每一层七叶。茎头夏月开花，一花七瓣，有金丝蕊，长三、四寸。王屋山产者
至五、七层。根如鬼臼、苍术状，外紫中白，有粳、糯二种。外丹家采制三黄、砂、汞。入
药洗切焙用。俗谚云∶七叶一枝花，深山是我家。痈疽如遇者，一似手拈拿，是也。
根
【气味】苦，微寒，有毒。
大明曰∶冷，无毒。伏雄黄、丹砂、蓬砂及盐。
【主治】惊痫，摇头弄舌，热气在腹中，癫疾，痈疮阴蚀，下三虫，去蛇毒（《本经》）。
生食一升，利水（《唐本》）。治
【发明】恭曰∶摩醋，敷痈肿蛇毒，甚有效。
时珍曰∶紫河车，足厥阴经药也。凡本经惊痫、疟疾、瘰 、痈肿者宜之。而道家有服
食法，不知果有益否也？
【附方】新五
服食法∶紫河车根以竹刀刮去皮，切作骰子大块，面裹入瓷瓶中，水煮候浮漉出，凝冷
入新
布袋中，悬风处待干。每服三丸，五更初面东念咒，井水下。连进三服，即能休粮。若要饮
食，先以黑豆煎汤饮之。次以药丸煮稀粥，渐渐食之。咒曰∶天朗气清金鸡鸣，吾今服药欲
长生。吾今不饥复不渴，赖得神仙草有灵。小儿胎风，手足搐搦∶用蚤休（即紫河车）为末。
每服半钱，冷水下。（《卫生易简方》）
慢惊发搐，带有阳证者∶白甘遂末（即蚤休）一钱，栝蒌根末二钱，同于慢火上炒焦黄，
研匀。每服一字，煎麝香薄荷汤调下。（钱乙《小儿》方）
中鼠莽毒∶金线重楼根，磨水服，即愈。（《集简方》）
咽喉谷贼肿痛∶用重台（赤色者）、川大黄（炒）、木鳖子仁、马牙硝各半两，半夏（泡）
一分，
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】蚩休（出自《神农本草经》）、螫休（出自《日华子本草》）、紫河车（出自《本草图经》）、重台（出自《新修本草》）、重楼金线（出自《本草图经》）、三层草（出自《本草纲目》）、七叶一枝花（出自《蒙筌》）、草甘遂（出自《新修本草》）、白甘遂。
李时珍说：虫蛇之毒，得到此药治疗即可停止，所以有蚤休、螫休等名称。重台、三层，是因为它的叶子形状像重叠的台阁。金钱重楼，是因为它的花朵形状像金钱。甘遂，是因为它的根部形状像甘遂。紫河车，是因为它的功效如同紫河车（此处指其能治惊痫等重症，或指其色紫如胎盘，但原文意指功用关联，通常紫河车为胎盘，此处借名或指其色/效，依原文直译）。
【集解】《名医别录》说：蚤休生长在山阳川谷以及冤句等地。
苏恭说：现在所说的重楼，就是这种药。又名重台，南方人叫它草甘遂。它有一根茎，长着六、七片叶子，类似王孙、鬼臼、蓖麻这类植物，叶子有两、三层的排列。
陶保升说：叶子像鬼臼、牡蒙，年代久远的植株会有两、三重叶子。根部像紫参，外皮黄色，肉质白色。五月采集根部，晒干。
马志（大明）说：根部像尺二长的蜈蚣，又像肥大的紫菖蒲。
苏颂说：这就是紫河车。现在河中、河阳、华州、凤州、文州以及江淮之间也有出产。叶子像王孙、鬼臼等，分为两、三层。六月开出黄紫色的花，花蕊是赤黄色的，上面有金丝垂下。秋天结红色的果实。根部像肥大的生姜，外皮红色，肉质白色。四月、五月采集。
寇宗奭说：蚤休没有旁枝，只有一根茎挺立生长，高一尺多，顶端有四、五片叶子。叶子有分叉，像苦杖。中心又长出茎，也是这样生叶。只有根部入药使用。
李时珍说：重楼金线到处都有，生长在深山的阴湿之地。一根茎独自向上生长，茎位于叶子的中心。叶子绿色像芍药，凡有两、三层，每一层七片叶子。茎头在夏天开花，一朵花有七片花瓣，有金丝状的花蕊，长三、四寸。王屋山出产的重楼甚至有五、七层。根部像鬼臼、苍术的形状，外紫内白，有粳稻和糯稻两种质地（指根部纹理或品种差异）。外丹家采集制作三黄、朱砂、水银等丹药。入药需洗净、切片、焙干后使用。俗谚说：“七叶一枝花，深山是我家。痈疽如遇者，一似手拈拿”，说的就是这种药。
【气味】味苦，性微寒，有毒。
【主治】惊痫，摇头弄舌，热气积于腹中，癫疾，痈疮阴蚀，驱除下焦三虫，去除蛇毒（出自《神农本草经》）。生食一升，能利水（出自《新修本草》）。治疗……
李时珍说：紫河车是足厥阴肝经的药物。凡是本经记载的惊痫、疟疾、瘰疬、痈肿等症状，适宜使用它。而道家有一种服食方法，不知道是否真的有益处呢？
【附方】新方五种
服食法：取紫河车根，用竹刀刮去外皮，切成骰子大小的块，用面粉包裹放入瓷瓶中，用水煮至浮起后捞出，冷却后装入新的布袋中，悬挂在通风处晾干。每次服用三丸，黎明初起面向东方念咒语，用井水送服。连续服用三次，就能停止进食粮食（辟谷）。如果想要饮食，先用黑豆煎汤饮用。然后用药丸煮稀粥，逐渐食用。咒语说：“天朗气清金鸡鸣，吾今服药欲长生。吾今不饥复不渴，赖得神仙草有灵。”
小儿胎风，手足抽搐：用蚤休（即紫河车）研成末。每次服用半钱，用冷水送服。（出自《卫生易简方》）
慢惊风发作抽搐，伴有阳证症状的：白甘遂末（即蚤休）一钱，栝蒌根末二钱，一起在慢火上炒至焦黄，研磨均匀。每次服用一字量，用麝香薄荷汤煎好后调服。（出自钱乙《小儿药证直诀》方）
中毒鼠莽：用金线重楼根，磨水服用，即可痊愈。（出自《集简方》）
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**[Names]** Chixiu (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Shexiu (from *Rihua Bencao*), Ziheche (Purple River Cart / Placenta, from *Bencao Tujing*), Chongtai (Double Terrace, from *Xinxiu Bencao*), Chonglou Jinian (Golden Thread Chonglou, from *Bencao Tujing*), Sancang (Three-Layer Grass, from *Bencao Gangmu*), Qiye Yizhihua (Seven Leaves One Flower, from *Mengquan*), Caogansui (Grass Gansui, from *Xinxiu Bencao*), Baigansui.
Li Shizhen stated: "The poison of insects and snakes can be halted upon treatment with this herb, hence the names Zaoxiu (Early Rest) and Shexiu (Sting Rest). 'Chongtai' and 'Sancang' refer to its leaf arrangement resembling stacked terraces. 'Jinqian Chonglou' refers to its flower resembling a gold coin. 'Gansui' refers to its root resembling that of *Radix Kansui*. 'Ziheche' refers to its medicinal efficacy."
**[Collection and Explanation]** *Bielu* states: "Zaoxiu grows in the valleys of Shanyang and Yuanju."
Su Gong stated: "What is now called Chonglou is this herb. It is also known as Chongtai; people in the south call it Caogansui. It has a single stem bearing six or seven leaves, resembling plants such as *Pseudostellaria heterophylla* (Wangsun), *Podophyllum peltatum* (Guijiao), and castor bean (*Ricinus communis*). The leaves are arranged in two or three layers."
Tao Baosheng stated: "The leaves resemble those of Guijiao and *Atractylodes macrocephala* (Mumeng); older plants may have two or three tiers of leaves. The root resembles *Salvia miltiorrhiza* (Zishen), with yellow skin and white flesh. The roots are harvested in May and dried in the sun."
Ma Zhi (Da Ming) stated: "The root resembles a two-foot-two-inch centipede, or like fat *Adenophora stricta* (Zichangpu)."
Su Song stated: "This is Ziheche. It is now found in Hezhong, Heyang, Huazhou, Fengzhou, Wenzhou, and between the Jianghuai regions. The leaves resemble Wangsun and Guijiao, arranged in two or three layers. In June, it blooms with yellow-purple flowers; the stamens are reddish-yellow with golden threads hanging down. It bears red fruits in autumn. The root resembles fat ginger, with red skin and white flesh. It is harvested in April and May."
Kou Zongshi stated: "Zaoxiu has no side branches; it grows with a single upright stem, over a chi tall, with four or five leaves at the apex. The leaves are lobed, resembling *Polygonum multiflorum* (Kuzhang). A new stem arises from the center, growing similarly. Only the root is used medicinally."
Li Shizhen stated: "Chonglou Jinian is widespread, growing in deep mountains in shady and moist places. A single stem rises alone, positioned at the center of the leaves. The leaves are green, resembling *Paeonia lactiflora* (Shaoyao), arranged in two or three layers, with seven leaves per layer. The stem tip blooms in summer; one flower has seven petals and golden thread-like stamens, three to four cun long. Those produced in Wangwu Mountain may have five to seven layers. The root resembles *Podophyllum peltatum* or *Atractylodes lancea* (Cangzhu), purple on the outside and white inside, existing in two varieties similar to japonica rice and glutinous rice. External alchemists harvest it to prepare Sanhuang, Cinnabar, and Mercury. For medicinal use, it is washed, sliced, and roasted. As the proverb says: 'Seven leaves, one flower; deep in the mountain is my home. If encountered for carbuncles and sores, it is as easy as picking them up by hand.' This refers to this herb."
**[Flavor and Properties]** Bitter, slightly cold, toxic.
Ma Zhi (Da Ming) stated: "Cold, non-toxic. It can neutralize Realgar (Xionghuang), Cinnabar (Dansha), Borax (Pengsha), and salt."
**[Indications]** Convulsive epilepsy (Jingxian), shaking head and rolling tongue, heat qi accumulating in the abdomen, manic disorders (Dianji), carbuncles, sores, and genital ulcers (Yinshi), expelling the three parasites from the lower jiao, and removing snake venom (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Eating one sheng raw promotes urination (from *Xinxiu Bencao*). Treats...
**[Elucidation]** Su Gong stated: "Ground with vinegar and applied externally to carbuncles, swelling, and snake venom, it is very effective."
Li Shizhen stated: "Ziheche is a herb entering the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. It is suitable for conditions recorded in this chapter such as convulsive epilepsy, malaria, scrofula (Luoli), and carbuncles. However, Daoist practitioners have methods of ingestion; it is unknown if they are truly beneficial."
**[Attached Prescriptions]** Five New Prescriptions
**Ingestion Method:** Scrape the skin off the root of Ziheche using a bamboo knife, cut into dice-sized chunks, wrap in flour, place in a porcelain bottle, boil in water until it floats, then remove. After cooling, place in a new cloth bag and hang in a ventilated area to dry. Take three pills each time. At dawn, face east, recite a mantra, and swallow with well water. After taking three doses consecutively, one can cease eating grain (fasting). If one wishes to eat, first drink decoction made from black beans. Then cook thin porridge with the pills and gradually consume it. The mantra reads: "Sky clear, air fresh, golden rooster crows; I take medicine now to seek longevity. I am neither hungry nor thirsty now, relying on the spiritual power of the immortal herb."
**Pediatric Fetal Wind, Hand and Foot Convulsions:** Use Zaoxiu (i.e., Ziheche) ground into powder. Take half a qian each time, swallowed with cold water. (From *Weisheng Yijian Fang*)
**Slow Convulsive Disease with Yang Symptoms:** Take one qian of Baigansui powder (i.e., Zaoxiu) and two qian of Trichosanthes Root (Gualou Gen) powder. Stir-fry together over slow fire until scorched yellow, then grind evenly. Take an amount equivalent to one zi, mixed and taken with decoction of Musk and Mint. (Prescription from Qian Yi's *Xiao'er Yao Zheng Zhi Jue*)
**Poisoning from Arsenic-containing Minerals (Shumang):** Grind the root of Jinian Chonglou with water and drink. Recovery will follow. (From *Jijian Fang*)
**Swollen and Painful Throat (Guzai):** Use Chongtai (red-colored), Prepared Rhubarb (Chuan Dahuang - stir-fried), Semen Momordicae (Mubiezi Ren), and Halloysitum Rubrum (Mayaxiao) each banliang, and Pinellia Ternata (Banxia - soaked) yifen...