（《本经》下品）
【释名】贯节（《本经》）、贯渠（《本经》）、百头（《本经》、又名虎卷、扁苻）、草鸱
头（《别录》）、黑狗脊（《纲目》）、凤尾草（《图经》）。
时珍曰∶此草叶茎如凤尾，其根一本而众枝贯之，故草名凤尾，根名贯众、贯节、贯渠
。渠者，魁也。《吴普本草》作贯中，俗名贯仲、管仲者，皆谬称也。《尔雅》云∶泺（
音灼），贯众，即此也。《别录》一名伯萍，一名药藻，皆字讹也。金星草一名凤尾草，与此
同名，宜互考之。
弘景曰∶近道皆有之。叶如大蕨。其根形色毛芒，全似老鸱头，故呼为草鸱头。
【集解】《别录》曰∶贯众生玄山山谷及冤句少室山。二月、八月采根，阴干。
普曰∶叶青黄色，两两相对，茎有黑毛，丛生，冬夏不死。四月花白，七月实黑，聚相
连卷旁生。三月、八月采根，五月采叶。
保升曰∶苗似狗脊，状如雉尾，根直多枝，皮黑肉赤，曲者名草鸱头，所在山谷阴处则
有之。
颂曰∶今陕西、河东州郡及荆、襄间多有之，而少有花者。春生苗，赤。叶大如蕨。茎
干三棱。叶绿色似鸡翎，又名凤尾草。其根紫黑色，形如犬爪，下有黑须毛，又似老鸱。郭
璞注《尔雅》云∶叶圆锐，茎毛黑，布地，冬不死，《广雅》谓之贯节是矣。
时珍曰∶多生山阴近水处。数根丛生，一根数茎，茎大如箸，其涎滑。其叶两两对生，
如狗脊之叶而无锯齿，青黄色，面深背浅。其根曲而有尖嘴，黑须丛簇，亦似狗脊根而大，
状如伏鸱。
根
【气味】苦，微寒，有毒。
之才曰∶ 菌、赤小豆为之使，伏石钟乳。
【主治】腹中邪热气，诸毒，杀三虫（《本经》）。去寸白，破症瘕，除头风，止金疮（《别
录》）。为末，水服一钱，止鼻血有效（苏颂）。治下血崩中带下，产后血气胀痛，斑疹毒，
漆毒，骨哽。解猪病（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶贯众大治妇人血气，根汁能制三黄，化五金，伏钟乳，结砂制汞，且
能解毒软坚。王海藏治夏月痘出不快，快斑散用之。云贯众有毒，而能解腹中邪热之毒。病
因内感而发之于外者多效，非古法之分经也。又黄山谷《煮豆帖》，言荒年以黑豆一升 净
，入贯众一斤，锉如骰子大，同以水煮，文火斟酌至豆熟，取出日干，覆令展尽余汁，簸去
贯众。每日空心 豆五、七粒，能食百草木枝叶有味可饱。又王 《百一选方》，言滁州蒋
教授，因食鲤鱼玉蝉羹，为肋肉所哽，凡药皆不效。或令以贯众浓煎汁一盏半，分三服，连
进至夜，一咯而出。亦可为末，水服一钱。观此可知其软坚之功，不但治血、治疮而已也。
【附方】新一十五。
鼻衄不止∶贯众根末，水服一钱。（《普济方》）
诸般下血∶肠风酒痢，血痔鼠痔下血。黑狗脊，黄者不用，须内肉赤色者，即本草贯众
也。去皮毛，锉焙为末。每服二钱，空心米饮下。或醋糊丸梧子大，每米饮下三、四十丸。
或烧存性，出火毒为末，入麝香少许，米饮服二钱。（《普济方》）
女人血崩∶贯众半两，煎酒服之，立止。（《集简方》）
产后亡血∶过多，心腹彻痛者。用贯众状如刺 者一个，全用不锉，只揉去毛及花萼，
以
赤白带下∶年深，诸药不能疗者，用上方治之亦验，名独圣汤。方同上。年深咳嗽出脓
血。贯众、苏方木等分，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜三片，煎服，日二服。久咳，渐成劳瘵。
凤尾草为末，用鱼 蘸食之。（《圣惠方》）痘疮不快∶快斑散∶用贯众、赤芍药各一钱，升
麻、甘草各五分。入淡竹叶三片，水一盏半，煎七分，温服。（王海藏方）
头疮白秃∶贯众、白芷为末，油调涂之。又方∶贯众烧末，油调涂。（《圣惠方》）
漆疮作痒∶油调贯众末，涂之。（《千金方》）
鸡鱼骨哽∶贯众、缩砂、甘草等分。为粗末，绵包少许，含之咽汁，久则随痰自出。（《普
济方》）解轻粉毒∶齿缝出血，臭肿。贯众、黄连各半两。煎水，入冰片少许，时时漱之。（
陆氏《积德堂方》）
血痢不止∶凤尾草根（即贯众）五钱，煎酒服。陈解元吉言所传。（《集简方》）
便毒肿痛∶贯众，酒服二钱，良。（《多能鄙事》）
花
【主治】恶疮，令人泄（《别录》）。
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【释名】贯节（出自《神农本草经》）、贯渠（出自《神农本草经》）、百头（出自《神农本草经》，又名虎卷、扁苻）、草鸱头（出自《名医别录》）、黑狗脊（出自《本草纲目》）、凤尾草（出自《图经本草》）。
李时珍说：这种草的叶茎像凤凰的尾巴，它的根是一株主干而众多枝干贯穿其中，所以草名叫凤尾，根名叫贯众、贯节、贯渠。渠，就是魁首的意思。《吴普本草》写作“贯中”，俗称“贯仲”、“管仲”的，都是错误的称呼。《尔雅》说：泺（音灼），即贯众，就是这种植物。《名医别录》称它一名伯萍，一名药藻，这些都是字形讹误。金星草也叫凤尾草，与此同名，应当互相考证。
陶弘景说：近处各地都有生长。叶子像大的蕨类植物。它的根部形色毛刺，完全像老猫头鹰的头，所以叫它草鸱头。
【集解】《名医别录》说：贯众生长在玄山山谷以及冤句少室山。二月和八月采集根部，阴干。
吴普说：叶子青黄色，两两相对，茎上有黑毛，丛生，冬夏不枯死。四月开白花，七月结黑色果实，聚集相连卷曲旁生。三月、八月采根，五月采叶。
苏保升说：幼苗像狗脊，形状像野鸡尾巴，根部直且多枝，皮黑肉红，弯曲的叫做草鸱头，所在山谷阴凉处就有生长。
苏颂说：现在陕西、河东州郡以及荆州、襄阳间多有生长，但很少开花的。春天生出苗，呈红色。叶子大如蕨类。茎干有三棱。叶子绿色像鸡翎，又名凤尾草。它的根紫黑色，形状像狗爪，下面有黑色须毛，又像老猫头鹰。郭璞注释《尔雅》说：叶子圆锐，茎毛黑，铺地生长，冬天不死，《广雅》称之为贯节是正确的。
李时珍说：多生长在山阴近水的地方。数根丛生，一根有多个茎，茎粗如筷子，其汁液滑腻。它的叶子两两对生，像狗脊的叶子但没有锯齿，青黄色，正面深背面浅。它的根弯曲而有尖嘴，黑须丛簇，也像狗脊的根但更大，形状像伏着的猫头鹰。
根
【气味】苦味，微寒，有毒。
【主治】腹中的邪热之气，各种毒物，杀灭三虫（出自《神农本草经》）。去除寸白虫，破除症瘕积聚，消除头风，止血金疮（出自《名医别录》）。研成粉末，用水送服一钱，止鼻血有效（苏颂）。治疗下血崩漏带下，产后血气胀痛，斑疹毒，漆毒，骨鲠。解除猪病（李时珍）。
【发明】李时珍说：贯众主要治疗妇女血气病，根汁能制约三黄，化解五金，伏制钟乳，凝结砂汞，并且能解毒软坚。王海藏治疗夏季痘疮出不顺畅，使用快斑散来应用。他说贯众有毒，但能解除腹中邪热之毒。病因内感而发之于外的病症多用此法有效，这不是古法中分经治疗的常规。另外黄山谷《煮豆帖》中说，荒年用黑豆一升洗净，加入贯众一斤，锉成骰子大小，一同用水煮，用文火斟酌煮至豆熟，取出晒干，覆盖使其展尽余汁，簸去贯众。每天空腹吃豆五、七粒，能吃百草木枝叶有味可饱腹。还有王璆《百一选方》中说，滁州蒋教授，因为吃鲤鱼玉蝉羹，被肋肉卡住，凡药都无效。有人让他用贯众浓煎汁一盏半，分三次服用，连续进直到夜晚，一次咳出。也可以研成粉末，用水送服一钱。看这些可知其软坚的功效，不仅仅是治疗血证、治疗疮疡而已。
【附方】新收十五方。
诸般下血：肠风酒痢，血痔鼠痔下血。黑狗脊，黄色的不用，必须内部肉色红的，就是本草中的贯众。去皮毛，锉碎焙干为末。每次服二钱，空腹米饮送下。或者醋糊丸梧子大，每次米饮送下三、四十丸。或者烧存性，去火毒为末，入少许麝香，米饮服二钱。（《普济方》）
产后亡血：过多，心腹彻痛者。用贯众状如刺的一个，全用不锉，只揉去毛及花萼，以……（原文此处似有缺漏或排版错误，结合下文“赤白带下”语境，此处可能指用于其他症状或原文断句问题，依原文直译）
赤白带下：年深，诸药不能疗者，用上方治之亦验，名独圣汤。方同上。年深咳嗽出脓血。贯众、苏方木等分，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜三片，煎服，日二服。久咳，渐成劳瘵。凤尾草为末，用鱼蘸食之。（《圣惠方》）痘疮不快：快斑散：用贯众、赤芍药各一钱，升麻、甘草各五分。入淡竹叶三片，水一盏半，煎七分，温服。（王海藏方）
头疮白秃：贯众、白芷为末，油调涂之。又方：贯众烧末，油调涂。（《圣惠方》）
鸡鱼骨哽：贯众、缩砂、甘草等分。为粗末，绵包少许，含之咽汁，久则随痰自出。（《普济方》）解轻粉毒：齿缝出血，臭肿。贯众、黄连各半两。煎水，入冰片少许，时时漱之。（陆氏《积德堂方》）
血痢不止：凤尾草根（即贯众）五钱，煎酒服。陈解元吉言所传。（《集简方》）
花
【主治】恶疮，令人泄（出自《名医别录》）。
(Recorded in the Lower Category of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**[Names]** Guan Jie (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Guan Qu (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*), Bai Tou (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*, also known as Hu Juan, Bian Fu), Cao Chi Tou (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*), Hei Gou Ji (from *Bencao Gangmu*), Feng Wei Cao (from *Tujing Bencao*).
Li Shizhen said: The leaves and stems of this herb resemble a phoenix's tail. Its root consists of one main body with numerous branches penetrating through it; hence the grass is named Feng Wei (Phoenix Tail Grass), and the root is named Guan Zhong (Penetrating Mass Root), Guan Jie, or Guan Qu. "Qu" means chief or head. *Wu Pu Bencao* writes it as "Guan Zhong". The common names "Guan Zhong" and "Guan Zhong" are erroneous. *Erya* states: Luo (pronounced zhuo), which is Guan Zhong, refers to this plant. *Mingyi Bie Lu* calls it Bo Ping or Yao Zao, which are character errors. Jin Xing Cao is also called Feng Wei Cao, sharing the same name; they should be cross-referenced.
Tao Hongjing said: It grows in nearby regions. The leaves resemble large ferns. The root's color, shape, and hairy spikes completely resemble an old owl's head, hence the name Cao Chi Tou (Grass Owl Head).
**[Collection and Explanation]** *Mingyi Bie Lu* states: Guan Zhong grows in the valleys of Xuan Mountain and the Shaoshi Mountain area of Yuanju. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the shade.
Wu Pu said: The leaves are yellowish-green, growing opposite each other. The stems have black hairs, grow in clumps, and do not die in winter or summer. It bears white flowers in April and black fruits in July, which cluster together and curl sideways. Roots are harvested in March and August, and leaves in May.
Su Baosheng said: The seedling resembles Gou Ji (Cibotium Barometz), shaped like a pheasant's tail. The root is straight with many branches, black skin, and red flesh. The curved ones are called Cao Chi Tou. They are found in shady places in valleys wherever they grow.
Su Song said: It is abundant in Shaanxi, Hedong prefectures, and between Jingzhou and Xiangyang, but rarely flowers. Seedlings emerge in spring, reddish in color. Leaves are as large as ferns. Stems are triangular. Leaves are green, resembling chicken feathers, hence also called Feng Wei Cao. The root is purple-black, shaped like a dog's claw, with black hairy roots below, resembling an old owl. Guo Pu, annotating *Erya*, stated: Leaves are round and sharp, stems have black hairs, spread on the ground, and do not die in winter. This matches what *Guangya* calls Guan Jie.
Li Shizhen said: It mostly grows in mountainous areas near water. Several roots grow in clusters; one root has multiple stems, thick as chopsticks, with slippery mucus. Leaves grow opposite each other, resembling Gou Ji leaves but without serrated edges, yellowish-green, dark on the upper surface and light on the lower. The root is curved with a pointed tip, clustered with black hairs, resembling Gou Ji roots but larger, shaped like a crouching owl.
**Root**
**[Flavor and Properties]** Bitter, slightly cold, toxic.
Xu Zhicai said: Jun (likely referring to a specific fungus or herb contextually implied) and Chi Xiao Dou (Adzuki Bean) act as its guiding herbs; it can neutralize Shi Zhong Ru (Stalactite).
**[Indications]** Treats evil heat qi in the abdomen, various toxins, and kills three types of parasites (from *Shennong Bencao Jing*). Removes Cun Bai (Taenia solium), breaks up masses and accumulations, eliminates wind headaches, and stops bleeding from metal wounds (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*). When powdered and taken with water (one qian), it effectively stops epistaxis (Su Song). Treats lower bleeding, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, postpartum blood qi distension and pain, erysipelas toxin, lacquer poison, and bone splinters. Resolves swine diseases (Li Shizhen).
**[Elucidation]** Li Shizhen said: Guan Zhong primarily treats women's blood qi disorders. The root juice can restrain San Huang (Three Yellows), dissolve five metals, subdue Zhong Ru (Stalactite), condense sand mercury, and possesses detoxifying and softening-hardness properties. Wang Haizang used it for slow eruption of smallpox in summer, employing Kuai Ban San (Rapid Eruption Powder). He stated that although Guan Zhong is toxic, it can resolve the toxicity of evil heat in the abdomen. It is effective for diseases originating internally and manifesting externally, differing from ancient methods of treating by meridian distribution. Additionally, Huang Shan Gu's *Zhu Dou Tie* (Boiling Beans Letter) mentions that during famines, one liter of clean black beans is mixed with one jin of Guan Zhong, chopped into dice-sized pieces, and boiled together in water over gentle heat until the beans are cooked. They are then removed, sun-dried, covered to drain remaining juice, and winnowed to remove Guan Zhong. Eating five to seven beans daily on an empty stomach allows one to consume various edible plant leaves and branches. Furthermore, Wang Qiu's *Bai Yi Xuan Fang* records that Jiang Jiaoshou of Chuzhou was choked by rib meat while eating carp and jade ciclop soup; all medicines failed. Someone advised him to take one and a half cups of strong decoction of Guan Zhong, divided into three doses, administered continuously until night, resulting in the object being coughed out in one go. It can also be powdered and taken with water (one qian). From this, we can see its softening-hardness efficacy extends beyond just treating blood disorders and sores.
**[Attached Prescriptions]** Fifteen new prescriptions.
Epistaxis unceasing: Powdered root of Guan Zhong, taken with water, one qian. (*Puji Fang*)
Various types of lower bleeding: Intestinal wind, alcoholic dysentery, bloody hemorrhoids, rat hemorrhoids bleeding. Use Hei Gou Ji (Black Dog Spine); yellow ones are not used. Must select those with red interior flesh, which is the Guan Zhong in this materia medica. Remove skin and hairs, chop and roast into powder. Take two qian per dose with rice drink on an empty stomach. Alternatively, make pills the size of wu zi seeds with vinegar paste, taking thirty to forty pills with rice drink. Alternatively, calcine to retain nature, eliminate fire toxicity, powder, add a little She Xiang (Musk), and take two qian with rice drink. (*Puji Fang*)
Women's metrorrhagia: Half liang of Guan Zhong, decocted in wine and taken, stops immediately. (*Ji Jian Fang*)
Postpartum blood loss: If excessive, causing piercing heart and abdominal pain. Use one piece of Guan Zhong resembling a thorn, use whole without chopping, only rub off hairs and calyx... [Text appears fragmented here in source]
Leukorrhea (white and discharge): For chronic cases unresponsive to other medicines, use the above prescription, which is effective, named Du Sheng Tang (Single Sage Decoction). Formula same as above. Chronic cough with pus and blood: Equal parts Guan Zhong and Su Fang Mu (Sappan Wood), take three qian per dose with one cup of water and three slices of fresh ginger, decoct and take twice daily. Chronic cough gradually becomes consumption. Powdered Feng Wei Cao, dip fish in it and eat. (*Sheng Hui Fang*) Slow eruption of smallpox: Kuai Ban San: One qian each of Guan Zhong and Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root), five fen each of Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga) and Gan Cao (Licorice). Add three slices of Dan Zhu Ye (Lophatherum), one and a half cups of water, decoct to seven-tenths, take warm. (Wang Haizang's formula)
Head sores and tinea capitis: Powdered Guan Zhong and Bai Zhi (Angelica Dahurica), mixed with oil and applied. Another method: Calcined Guan Zhong powder, mixed with oil and applied. (*Sheng Hui Fang*)
Itching from lacquer dermatitis: Oil-mixed Guan Zhong powder applied. (*Qian Jin Fang*)
Chicken or fish bone stuck in throat: Equal parts Guan Zhong, Suo Sha (Amomum Villosum), and Gan Cao. Coarsely powdered, wrapped in cotton, held in mouth to swallow juice; eventually comes out with phlegm. (*Puji Fang*) Resolve Qing Fen (Calomel) toxicity: Bleeding gums, foul swelling. Half liang each of Guan Zhong and Huang Lian (Coptis). Decoct in water, add a little Bing Pian (Borneol), rinse mouth frequently. (Lu's *Ji De Tang Fang*)
Bloody dysentery unceasing: Five qian of Feng Wei Cao root (i.e., Guan Zhong), decocted in wine and taken. Passed down by Chen Jieyuan Ji. (*Ji Jian Fang*)
Abscess swelling and pain: Two qian of Guan Zhong taken with wine, effective. (*Duo Neng Bi Shi*)
**Flower**
**[Indications]** Malignant sores, causes diarrhea (from *Mingyi Bie Lu*).