（《别录》中品）
【校正】并入《开宝》铁粉、《拾遗》针砂。
【释名】跳铁（音条）。
【集解】时珍曰∶钢铁有三种∶有生铁夹熟铁炼成者，有精铁百炼出钢者，有西南海山
中生成状如紫石英者。凡刀剑斧凿诸刃，皆是钢铁。其针砂、铁粉、铁精，亦皆用钢铁者。
按沈括《笔谈》云∶世用钢铁，以柔铁包生铁泥封，炼令相入，谓之团钢，亦曰灌钢，此乃
伪钢也。真钢是精铁百炼，至斤两不耗者，纯钢也。此乃铁之精纯，其色明莹，磨之黯然，
青且黑，与常铁异。亦有炼尽无钢者，地产不同也。又有地溲，淬柔铁二、三次，即钢可切
玉，见石脑油下。凡铁内有硬处不可打者，名铁核，以香油涂烧之即散。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】金疮，烦满热中，胸膈气塞，食不化（《别录》）。
铁粉（宋《开宝》） 恭曰∶乃钢铁飞炼而成者。人多取杂铁作屑飞之，其体重，真钢
者不尔也。
【气味】咸，平，无毒
【主治】安心神，坚骨髓，除百病，变黑，润肌肤，令人不老，体健能食。久服令人身
重肥黑。合和诸药，各有所主（《开宝》）。化痰镇心，抑肝邪，特异（许叔微）。
【发明】见铁落下。
【附方】新六。
惊痫发热∶铁粉，水调少许服之。（《圣惠方》）
急惊涎潮，壮热闷乱。铁粉二钱，朱砂一钱。为末。每服一字，薄荷汤调下。（《杨氏
家藏方》）
伤寒阳毒，狂言妄语乱走，毒瓦斯在脏也。铁粉二两，龙胆草一两。为末。磨刀水调服一
钱，小儿五分。（《全幼心鉴》）
头痛鼻塞∶铁粉二两，龙脑半分。研匀。每新汲水服一钱。（《圣惠方》）
雌雄疔疮∶铁粉一两，蔓菁根三两，捣如泥封之，日二换。（《集玄方》）
风热脱肛∶铁粉研，同白蔹末敷上，按入。（《直指方》）
（收录于《名医别录》中品）
【校正】将《开宝本草》中的铁粉和《日华子诸家本草》（简称《拾遗》）中的针砂并入本条。
【释名】跳铁（读音同“条”）。
【集解】李时珍说：钢铁有三种：一种是用生铁夹着熟铁冶炼而成的，一种是精铁经过百炼提炼出的钢，还有一种是西南海山中自然生成、形状像紫石英的钢。凡是刀剑斧凿等各种刃具，都是用钢铁制成的。其中的针砂、铁粉、铁精，也都是用钢铁制作的。
根据沈括《梦溪笔谈》记载：世间使用的钢铁，是用柔铁包裹生铁泥并密封，冶炼使二者融合，称为团钢，也称为灌钢，这其实是伪钢。真正的钢是精铁经过百炼，直到重量不损耗的，才是纯钢。这是铁的精华纯净之物，颜色明亮晶莹，打磨后呈现暗淡的青黑色，与普通的铁不同。也有冶炼尽而无钢的情况，这是因为产地不同。又有地溲（一种矿物或土壤），用来淬火柔铁两三次，做出的钢可以切割玉石，详见石脑油条目下。凡铁内部有坚硬处无法锻打的，名叫铁核，涂上香油烧制就会散开。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），烦闷胸中热，胸膈气机阻塞，食物不消化（出自《名医别录》）。
铁粉（宋代《开宝本草》）
唐慎微等注曰：这是由钢铁飞炼而成的。人们多取杂铁做成碎屑飞炼，其质地沉重，真正的钢则不是这样。
【气味】味咸，性平，无毒。
【主治】安定心神，坚固骨髓，祛除百病，使头发变黑，滋润肌肤，使人不老，身体健壮且食欲好。长期服用使人身体沉重、肥胖、肤色黑亮。配合其他药物使用，各有不同的主治功效（出自《开宝本草》）。化痰镇心，抑制肝邪，效果特异（许叔微所述）。
【发明】参见“铁落”条目。
【附方】新收录六首。
惊痫发热：用铁粉，水调服少许。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
急惊风痰涎上涌，高热神志昏乱。铁粉二钱，朱砂一钱。研为细末。每次服一字量，用薄荷汤送下。（出自《杨氏家藏方》）
伤寒阳毒证，胡言乱语，狂躁奔走，毒瓦斯在脏腑内。铁粉二两，龙胆草一两。研为细末。用磨刀的水调服一钱，小儿服五分。（出自《全幼心鉴》）
头痛鼻塞：铁粉二两，龙脑（冰片）半分。研匀。每次用新汲取的冷水服一钱。（出自《太平圣惠方》）
雌雄疔疮：铁粉一两，蔓菁根三两，捣烂如泥敷在患处，每天更换两次。（出自《集玄方》）
风热脱肛：铁粉研细，与白蔹粉末混合敷在患处，并按入肛门内。（出自《直指方》）
(Recorded in the Middle Category of *Bencao Jingjiu Zhushen* / *Supplement to the Materia Medica*)
[Correction] Merged with *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) from *Kaibao Bencao* and *Zhen Sha* (Needle Sand) from *Shiyi*.
[Names] Tiao Tie (pronounced like "Tiao").
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen said: There are three types of steel: one is smelted by sandwiching pig iron between wrought iron; another is steel extracted from refined iron through a hundred refinements; the third is naturally formed in the mountains of the southwest seas, resembling purple quartz. All blades such as swords, knives, axes, and chisels are made of steel. Needle sand, iron powder, and iron essence are also all made using steel.
According to Shen Kuo's *Dream Pool Essays*: The steel used in the world today is made by wrapping pig iron mud with wrought iron, sealing it, and smelting until they merge, called Tuan Gang (cluster steel), also known as Guan Gang (poured steel). This is fake steel. True steel is refined iron subjected to a hundred refinements until there is no loss in weight; this is pure steel. This is the essence and purity of iron; its color is bright and crystal clear. When polished, it appears dull, dark green and black, distinct from ordinary iron. There are cases where refining yields no steel due to differences in geographical origin. There is also "Di Sou" (a type of soil/mineral); quenching wrought iron two or three times in it produces steel hard enough to cut jade. See under Shi Nao You (Naphtha). Within any iron, if there are hard spots that cannot be hammered, it is called "Tie He" (iron core). Smearing it with sesame oil and heating it will cause it to disperse.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Metal wounds (*Jin Chuang*), fullness and heat in the chest/middle jiao, qi obstruction in the chest and diaphragm, indigestion (from *Bielu*).
*Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) (*Kaibao Bencao*, Song Dynasty)
Gong said: It is produced by flying-smelting steel. People often take miscellaneous iron, make it into filings, and fly-smelt them; these are heavy in weight. True steel is not like this.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Calms the mind/spirit, strengthens bone marrow, eliminates various diseases, turns hair black, moistens skin, prevents aging, makes the body robust and appetite good. Long-term use makes the body heavy, fat, and dark-skinned. When combined with other herbs, each has specific indications (from *Kaibao*). Resolves phlegm, calms the heart, suppresses liver pathogenic factors, with unique efficacy (Xu Shumi).
[Innovative Insights] See entry for *Tie Luo* (Fallen Iron).
[Attached Prescriptions] Six new prescriptions.
Startled epilepsy with fever: Take *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder), mix with water, and take a small amount orally. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Acute convulsion with surging phlegm-saliva, high fever, and confusion. *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) 2 qian, *Zhusha* (Cinnabar) 1 qian. Grind into powder. Take one "yi" (approx. 0.5-1g) per dose, washed down with mint decoction. (*Yangshi Jiacang Fang*)
Cold damage yang-toxin syndrome, delirious speech, manic wandering, toxic vapors in the zang-fu organs. *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) 2 liang, *Longdan Cao* (Gentian Root) 1 liang. Grind into powder. Mix with water used for sharpening knives, take 1 qian orally; children take 0.5 qian. (*Quanyou Xinjian*)
Headache and nasal congestion: *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) 2 liang, *Longnao* (Borneol) 0.5 fen. Grind evenly. Take 1 qian per dose with newly drawn cold water. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang*)
Yin and Yang Ding sores: *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) 1 liang, *Manjing Gen* (Turnip Root) 3 liang. Pound into a paste and apply to the sore, change twice daily. (*Jixuan Fang*)
Wind-heat rectal prolapse: Grind *Tie Fen* (Iron Powder) finely, mix with *Bai Lian* (Ampelopsis Radix) powder, apply to the area, and push back inside. (*Zhizhi Fang*)