（《日华》）
【释名】青金（《说文》）、黑锡、金公（《纲目》）、水中金。
时珍曰∶铅易沿流，故谓之铅。锡为白锡，故此为黑锡。而神仙家拆其字为金公，隐其
名为水中金。
【集解】颂曰∶铅生蜀郡平泽，今有银坑处皆有之，烧矿而取。
时珍曰∶铅生山穴石间，人挟油灯，入至数里，随矿脉上下曲折斫取之。其气毒人，若
连月不出，则皮肤痿黄，腹胀不能食，多致疾而死。《地镜图》云∶草青茎赤，其下多铅。
铅锡之精为老妇。独孤滔云∶嘉州、利州出草节铅，生铅未 者也。打破脆，烧之气如
硫黄。紫背铅，即熟铅，铅之精华也，有变化，能碎金刚钻。雅州出钓脚铅，形如皂子大，
又如蝌蚪子，黑色，生山涧沙中，可干汞。卢氏铅粗恶力劣，信州铅杂铜气，阴平铅出剑州，
是铜铁之苗，并不可用。《宝藏论》云∶铅有数种∶波斯铅，坚白为天下第一。草节铅，出
犍为，银之精也。
衔银铅，银坑中之铅也，内含五色。并妙。上饶乐平铅，次于波斯、草节。负版铅，铁
苗也，不可用。倭铅，可勾金。《土宿真君本草》云∶铅乃五金之祖，故有五金狴犴、追魂
使者之称，言其能伏五金而死八石也。雌黄乃金之苗，而中有铅气，是黄金之祖矣。银坑有
铅，是白金之祖矣。信铅杂铜，是赤金之祖矣。与锡同气，是青金之祖矣。朱砂伏于铅而死
于硫，硫恋于铅而伏于 ，铁恋于磁而死于铅，雄恋于铅而死于五加。故金公变化最多，一
变而成胡粉，再变而成黄丹，三变而成密陀僧，四变而为白霜。《雷氏炮炙论》云∶令铅住
火，须仗修天；如要形坚，岂忘紫背。注云∶修天，补天石也。紫背，天葵也。
【修治】时珍曰∶凡用以铁铫熔化泻瓦上，滤去渣脚，如此数次收用。其黑锡灰，则以
铅沙取黑灰。白锡灰，不入药。
【气味】甘，寒，无毒。藏器曰∶小毒。
【主治】镇心安神，治伤寒毒瓦斯，反胃呕哕，蛇蜴所咬，炙熨之（大明）。疗瘿瘤，鬼
气
疰忤。错为末，和青木香，敷疮肿恶毒（藏器）。消瘰 痈肿，明目固牙，乌须发，治实女，
杀虫坠痰，治噎膈消渴风痫，解金石药毒（时珍）。
黑锡灰
【主治】积聚，杀虫，同槟榔末等分，五更米饮服（震亨）。
【发明】好古曰∶黑锡，属肾。时珍曰∶铅，禀北方癸水之气，阴极之精，其体重实，
其性濡滑，其色黑，内通于肾，故《局方》黑锡丹，《宣明》补真丹皆用之。得汞交感，即
能治一切阴阳混淆，上盛下虚，气升不降，发为呕吐眩晕、噎膈反胃危笃诸疾，所谓镇坠之
剂，有反正之功。但性带阴毒，不可多服，恐伤人心胃耳。铅性又能入肉，故女子以铅珠
耳，即自穿孔；实女无窍者，以铅作铤，逐日 之，久久自开，此皆昔人所未知者也。铅变
化为胡粉、黄丹、密陀僧、铅白霜，其功皆与铅同。但胡粉入气分，黄丹入血分，密陀僧镇
坠下行，铅白霜专治上焦胸膈，此为异耳。方士又铸为梳，梳须发令光黑，或用药煮之，尤
佳。
【附方】旧四，新十七。
乌须明目∶黑铅半斤，锅内熔汁，旋入桑条灰，柳木搅成沙，筛末。每早揩牙，以水漱
口洗目，能固牙明目，黑须发。（《胜金方》）
揩牙乌髭∶黑铅消化，以不蛀皂荚寸切投入，炒成炭，入盐少许，研匀。日用揩牙。摘
去白髭，黑者更不白也。又方∶黑锡一斤，炒灰埋地中五日，入升麻、细辛、诃子同炒黑。
日用揩牙，百日效。（《普济》）
牙齿动摇∶方同上。
乌须铅梳∶铅十两，锡三两，婆罗得三个，针砂、熟地黄半两，茜根、胡桃皮一两，没
石子、诃黎勒皮、硫黄、石榴皮、磁石、皂矾、乌麻油各二钱半，为末。先化铅锡，入末一
半，柳木搅匀，倾入梳模子，印成修齿。余末同水煮梳，三日三夜，水耗加之，取出故帛重
包五日。每以熟皮衬手梳一百下，须先以皂荚水洗净拭干。（《普济》）
肾脏气发攻心，面黑欲死，及诸气奔豚喘急。铅二两，石亭脂二两，丁香一两，木香一
两，麝香一钱。先化铅炒干，入亭脂急炒，焰起以醋喷之，倾入地坑内覆住，待冷取研，粟
饭丸芡子大。每用二丸，热酒化服，取汗或下或通气即愈。如大便不通，再用一丸，入玄明
粉五分服。（《圣济录》）
妇人血气，冷痛攻心∶方同上。
风痫吐沫，反目抽掣，久患者∶黑铅、水银（结砂）、南星（炮）各一两。为末，糯饭
丸绿豆大。一岁一丸，乳汁下。（《普济方》）
反胃哕逆∶黑铅化汁，入纸灰以柳木槌研成粉，一两，入米醋一升，砂锅熬膏，入蒸饼
末少许，捣丸小豆大。
每服一丸，姜汤下。（《圣济录》）
多年反胃不止∶紫背铅二两，石亭脂二两，盐卤汁五两，烧铅以卤汁淬尽，与亭脂同炒，
或焰起，铫子盖上焰即止，研匀，蒸饼和丸梧子大。每服二十丸，煎石莲、干柿汤下。（《圣
济录》）
消渴烦闷∶黑铅、水银等分。结如泥，常含豆许，吞津。（《圣惠方》）
寸白虫病∶先食猪肉一片，乃以沙糖水调黑铅灰四钱，五更服之，虫尽下，食白粥一日。
许学士病嘈杂，服此下二虫，一寸断，一长二尺五寸，节节有斑纹也。（《本事方》）
水肿浮满∶乌锡五两，皂荚一挺（炙）。酒二斗，煮六沸。频服，至小便出二、三升，
即消。（《千金翼》）
小便不通∶黑铅错末一两，生姜半两，灯心一握，井水煎服，先以炒葱贴脐。（《圣惠方》）
猝然咳嗽∶炉中铅屑、桂心、皂荚等分。为末，蜜丸如梧子大。每饮下十五丸，忌
葱。（《备急方》）
瘰 结核∶铅三两，铁器炒取黑灰，醋和涂上，故帛贴之，频换，去恶汁。如此半月，
不痛不破，内消为水而愈。（刘禹锡《传信方》）
痈疽发背∶黑铅一斤，甘草三两（微炙）。瓶盛酒一斗浸甘草，乃熔铅投酒中，如此九
度，去滓。饮酒醉卧即愈。（《经验方》）
金石药毒∶黑铅一斤，熔化，投酒一升，如此十余次，待酒至半升，顿饮。（《胜金方》）
取轻粉毒∶出山黑铅五斤，打壶一把，盛烧酒十五斤，纳土茯苓半斤，乳香三钱，封固，
重汤煮一日夜，埋土中，出火毒。每日早晚任性饮数杯，后用瓦盆接小便，自有粉出为验。
服至筋骨不痛，乃止。（《医方摘要》）
解砒霜毒，烦躁如狂，心腹疼痛，四肢厥冷，命在须臾。黑铅四两，磨水一碗灌之。（《华
佗危病方》）
解硫黄毒∶黑锡煎汤服，即解。（《集简方》）
（引自《日华子本草》）
【释名】青金（出自《说文解字》）、黑锡、金公（出自《本草纲目》）、水中金。
李时珍说：铅容易流动，所以称为铅。锡是白色的锡，所以这种黑色的称为黑锡。而修道之人拆解“铅”字为“金公”，隐晦地称其为“水中金”。
【集解】苏颂说：铅产于蜀郡平泽，现在有银矿的地方都有出产，通过烧炼矿石来获取。
李时珍说：铅生长在山穴的岩石之间，人们拿着油灯，深入数里，沿着矿脉上下曲折地开采。铅气有毒，会伤害人体，如果连续几个月不出来，就会皮肤萎黄，腹胀不能进食，多导致生病而死。《地镜图》说：草叶青色茎秆赤红，其地下多有铅矿。
铅和锡的精粹形成了老妇（传说）。独孤滔说：嘉州、利州出产草节铅，是未冶炼的生铅。打破后质地脆，燃烧时气味像硫磺。紫背铅，就是熟铅，是铅的精华，具有变化性，能粉碎金刚钻。雅州出产钓脚铅，形状像皂角子大，又像蝌蚪，黑色，生长在山涧沙中，可以吸附汞。卢氏产的铅粗糙恶劣，药效低劣；信州产的铅混杂铜气；阴平铅产自剑州，是铜铁的苗头，都不可使用。《宝藏论》说：铅有好几种：波斯铅，坚硬洁白，天下第一。草节铅，产自犍为，是银的精粹。
衔银铅，是银坑中的铅，内含五色，都很奇妙。上饶乐平的铅，次于波斯铅和草节铅。负版铅，是铁苗，不可用。倭铅，可以用来勾兑黄金。《土宿真君本草》说：铅是五金之祖，所以有“五金狴犴”、“追魂使者”的称号，意思是它能制服五金并使八石（炼丹药物）失效。雌黄是金的苗头，但其中含有铅气，是黄金的祖先。银坑中有铅，是白金（银）的祖先。信州的铅混杂铜气，是赤金（铜）的祖先。铅与锡同气，是青金（铅）的祖先。朱砂伏于铅而死于硫，硫依恋于铅而伏于汞，铁依恋于磁石而死于铅，雄黄依恋于铅而死于五加皮。所以“金公”（铅）的变化最多，一变成为胡粉，再变成为黄丹，三变成为密陀僧，四变成为白霜。《雷氏炮炙论》说：要使铅停止火性，必须依靠修天；如果要使形体坚固，怎能忘记紫背。注释说：修天，即补天石。紫背，即天葵。
【修治】李时珍说：凡是用铅，要用铁锅熔化后倒在瓦上，过滤去除渣滓，如此反复几次后收存使用。那种黑锡灰，是用铅沙取得的黑灰。白锡灰，不入药。
【气味】味甘，性寒，无毒。陈藏器说：有小毒。
【主治】镇心安神，治疗伤寒毒瓦斯，反胃呕吐呃逆，蛇蝎咬伤，用灸法或熨法治疗（出自《大明本草》）。治疗瘿瘤，鬼气疰忤。研成粉末，配合青木香，敷贴疮肿恶毒（出自《藏器本草》）。消除瘰疬痈肿，明目固牙，乌须发，治疗实女症，杀虫坠痰，治疗噎膈消渴风痫，解除金石药物的毒性（李时珍）。
黑锡灰
【主治】积聚，杀虫，与槟榔末等分，五更时分用米饮送服（出自张元素/震亨）。
【发明】王好古说：黑锡，属肾。李时珍说：铅，禀受北方癸水之气，是阴极的精粹，其体重实，其性濡滑，其色黑，内通于肾，所以《局方》中的黑锡丹，《宣明论方》中的补真丹都用它。铅与水银交感，就能治疗一切阴阳混淆、上盛下虚、气升不降，引发呕吐眩晕、噎膈反胃危重诸病，所谓镇坠之剂，有反正之功。但铅性带阴毒，不可多服，恐怕损伤人心胃。铅性又能入肉，所以女子用铅珠做耳饰，耳朵自然穿孔；实女无孔窍者，用铅做成铤，每日摩擦，久而久之自然张开，这都是前人不知道的。铅变化成的胡粉、黄丹、密陀僧、铅白霜，其功效都与铅相同。但胡粉入气分，黄丹入血分，密陀僧镇坠下行，铅白霜专治上焦胸膈，这是不同之处。方士又铸造成梳子，梳理须发使其光黑，或者用药煮过，尤其好。
【附方】旧方四个，新方十七个。
乌须明目：黑铅半斤，在锅内熔化成汁，随即加入桑条灰，用柳木搅拌成沙状，筛成细末。每天早晨刷牙，用水漱口洗眼，能固牙明目，黑须发。（《胜金方》）
揩牙乌髭：黑铅熔化，投入不蛀的皂荚寸段，炒成炭，加入少许盐，研匀。每天用来刷牙。摘去白胡须，黑的就不再变白了。另一方法：黑锡一斤，炒灰埋在地中五天，加入升麻、细辛、诃子同炒黑。每天用来刷牙，百日见效。（《普济方》）
牙齿动摇：方子同上。
乌须铅梳：铅十两，锡三两，婆罗得三个，针砂、熟地黄半两，茜根、胡桃皮一两，没石子、诃黎勒皮、硫黄、石榴皮、磁石、皂矾、乌麻油各二钱半，研成末。先熔化铅锡，加入一半药末，用柳木搅拌均匀，倒入梳子模具，印制成齿梳。剩下的药末同水煮梳子，三天三夜，水干了就添加，取出后用旧布重重包裹五天。每次用熟皮衬着手梳一百下，须先用皂荚水洗净擦干。（《普济方》）
肾脏气发攻心，面色黑欲死，以及诸气奔豚喘急。铅二两，石亭脂二两，丁香一两，木香一两，麝香一钱。先熔化铅炒干，加入亭脂急炒，火焰起时用醋喷洒，倾入地坑内覆盖住，待冷取出研细，用粟米饭做成芡子大小的丸药。每次用两丸，热酒化开服用，取汗或排便或通气就好了。如果大便不通，再用一丸，加入玄明粉五分服用。（《圣济录》）
妇人血气，冷痛攻心：方子同上。
风痫吐沫，反目抽掣，久病患者：黑铅、水银（结砂）、南星（炮制）各一两。研成末，糯米饭做成绿豆大小的丸药。一岁吃一丸，乳汁送下。（《普济方》）
反胃哕逆：黑铅化汁，加入纸灰用柳木槌研成粉，一两，加入米醋一升，砂锅熬成膏，加入少许蒸饼末，捣成小豆大小的丸药。
每次服用一丸，姜汤送下。（《圣济录》）
多年反胃不止：紫背铅二两，石亭脂二两，盐卤汁五两，烧铅用卤汁淬尽，与亭脂同炒，如果火焰起，盖上铫子火焰就停止，研匀，用蒸饼和丸梧子大小。每次服用二十丸，煎石莲、干柿汤送下。（《圣济录》）
消渴烦闷：黑铅、水银等分。结成泥状，常含豆许大小，吞咽津液。（《圣惠方》）
寸白虫病：先吃一片猪肉，然后用沙糖水调黑铅灰四钱，五更时分服用，虫子全部排出，吃一天白粥。许学士患嘈杂症，服用此方排出两条虫，一条一寸断，一条长二尺五寸，节节有斑纹。（《本事方》）
水肿浮满：乌锡五两，皂荚一挺（炙）。酒二斗，煮六沸。频繁服用，直到小便排出二三升，肿胀即消。（《千金翼方》）
小便不通：黑铅研末一两，生姜半两，灯心一握，井水煎服，先用炒葱贴脐。（《圣惠方》）
猝然咳嗽：炉中铅屑、桂心、皂荚等分。研成末，蜜丸如梧子大小。每次饮水送服十五丸，忌葱。（《备急方》）
瘰疬结核：铅三两，铁器炒取黑灰，醋调和涂在上面，用旧布贴敷，频繁更换，去除恶汁。如此半月，不痛不破，内部化为水而痊愈。（刘禹锡《传信方》）
痈疽发背：黑铅一斤，甘草三两（微炙）。瓶中盛酒一斗浸泡甘草，然后熔化铅投入酒中，如此九次，去渣。饮酒醉卧即愈。（《经验方》）
金石药毒：黑铅一斤，熔化，投入酒一升，如此十余次，待酒剩半升，一次性饮下。（《胜金方》）
取轻粉毒：出山黑铅五斤，打成壶一把，盛烧酒十五斤，放入土茯苓半斤，乳香三钱，密封，隔水蒸煮一天一夜，埋入土中，去火毒。每天早晚随意喝几杯，后用瓦盆接小便，自有粉出为验证。服到筋骨不痛，才停止。（《医方摘要》）
解砒霜毒，烦躁如狂，心腹疼痛，四肢厥冷，命在须臾。黑铅四两，磨水一碗灌之。（《华佗危病方》）
解硫黄毒：黑锡煎汤服用，即解。（《集简方》）
(Cited from *Ri Hua Zi Ben Cao*)
[Names] Qingjin (Green Metal, from *Shuowen Jiezi*), Heixi (Black Tin), Jingong (Metal Duke, from *Bencao Gangmu*), Shuizhongjin (Gold in Water).
Li Shizhen stated: Lead flows easily, hence it is called Qian (Lead). Tin is white tin, so this black one is called Heixi (Black Tin). Alchemists deconstruct the character "Qian" into "Jin Gong" (Metal Duke) and obscure its name as "Shuizhongjin" (Gold in Water).
[Collection and Explanation] Su Song said: Lead is produced in Pingze, Shujun. It is now found wherever silver mines exist, obtained by smelting the ore.
Li Shizhen said: Lead grows among rocks in mountain caves. People carry oil lamps and enter several li deep, chipping it out along the twisting veins of the ore up and down. Its vapor is toxic to humans; if one remains underground for months without coming out, the skin becomes withered and yellow, the abdomen distends, appetite is lost, and death often ensues from illness. *Dijing Tu* states: Where grass has green leaves and red stems, lead is abundant underneath.
The essence of lead and tin forms an old woman (legendary reference). Dugu Tao said: Caojie Lead (Grass-joint Lead) is produced in Jiazhou and Lizhou; it is raw, unrefined lead. When broken, it is brittle; when burned, its odor resembles sulfur. Zibei Lead (Purple-back Lead) is refined lead, the essence of lead, possessing transformative properties capable of crushing diamond. Diaojiao Lead (Fishing-foot Lead) is produced in Yazhou, shaped like a soap nut or a tadpole, black in color, growing in mountain stream sands, and can absorb mercury. Lead from Lushi is coarse and poor in efficacy. Lead from Xinzhou contains copper qi. Lead from Yinping, produced in Jianzhou, is a sprout of copper and iron, and none of these are usable. *Baozang Lun* states: There are several types of lead: Bosi Lead (Persian Lead) is hard, white, and the best in the world. Caojie Lead, produced in Qianwei, is the essence of silver.
Xianyin Lead is lead from silver pits, containing five colors; all are excellent. Lead from Shangrao and Leping is inferior to Bosi and Caojie leads. Fuban Lead is an iron sprout and is unusable. Wo Lead (Japanese Lead) can be used to alloy gold. *Tusux Zhenjun Bencao* states: Lead is the ancestor of the Five Metals, hence it is called "Wujin Bian'an" (Prison Guard of Five Metals) and "Zhuihun Shizhe" (Soul-chasing Messenger), meaning it can subdue the Five Metals and neutralize the Eight Stones (alchemical minerals). Realgar is a sprout of gold but contains lead qi, making it the ancestor of gold. Silver pits contain lead, which is the ancestor of white metal (silver). Lead from Xin Zhou mixed with copper is the ancestor of red metal (copper). Lead shares qi with tin, making it the ancestor of green metal (lead). Cinnabar lies dormant in lead but dies from sulfur; sulfur clings to lead but is subdued by mercury; iron clings to magnetite but dies from lead; realgar clings to lead but dies from Pentapleura zeylanica. Thus, "Jin Gong" (Lead) undergoes the most transformations: the first transformation yields Hufen (Basic Lead Carbonate); the second, Huangdan (Red Lead); the third, Mituoseng (Litharge); the fourth, Baishuang (Lead White Frost). *Lei Shi Pao Zhi Lun* states: To stop the fire nature of lead, one must rely on Xiutian (Sky Repairer); if one desires firmness of form, how can one forget Zibei (Purple Back)? The annotation clarifies: Xiutian refers to Butian Shi (Heaven-mending Stone); Zibei refers to Tiankui.
[Processing] Li Shizhen said: For medicinal use, melt the lead in an iron ladle, pour it onto tiles, filter to remove dregs, and repeat this process several times before storage. The Heixi Hui (Black Tin Ash) is obtained by taking black ash from lead sand. Baixi Hui (White Tin Ash) is not used in medicine.
[Flavor and Property] Sweet, cold, non-toxic. Chen Cangqi said: Slightly toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Calms the heart and anchors the spirit; treats toxic vapors from Cold Damage (Shanghan); treats regurgitation, vomiting, and hiccups; treats bites from snakes and scorpions, applied via moxibustion or hot compress (from *Da Ming Bencao*). Treats goiter and tumors, ghostly qi, and pestilential influences. Ground into powder and mixed with Qingmuxiang (Aquilaria Agallocha), applied externally for carbuncles and malignant swellings (from *Cangqi Bencao*). Eliminates scrofula and abscesses, brightens eyes, strengthens teeth, darkens hair and beard, treats "Shinv" (virginity-related disorders), kills parasites, directs rebellious phlegm downward, treats dysphagia, diabetes, wind-phlegm epilepsy, and resolves toxicity from mineral drugs (Li Shizhen).
Heixi Hui (Black Tin Ash)
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats accumulations and masses, kills parasites. Mix with equal parts of Areca Seed powder, take at dawn with rice water decoction (from Zhang Yansheng).
[Elucidation] Wang Haogu said: Heixi (Black Tin) corresponds to the Kidney. Li Shizhen said: Lead inherits the qi of Gui Water in the North, being the essence of extreme Yin. Its weight is heavy and solid, its nature moist and slippery, its color black, and it internally connects to the Kidney. Therefore, Heixi Dan (Black Tin Pill) in *Ju Fang* and Buzhen Dan (Tonify True Pill) in *Xuanming Lun* both use it. When interacting with Mercury, it can treat all conditions of Yin-Yang confusion, excess above and deficiency below, rising Qi that fails to descend, manifesting as severe vomiting, vertigo, dysphagia, and regurgitation. Such sedative and descending agents have the power to restore balance. However, its nature carries Yin toxicity, so it should not be taken in large doses, lest it damage the Heart and Stomach. Lead's nature can also penetrate flesh; thus, women wearing lead bead earrings develop pierced ears naturally; for "Shinv" (women without vaginal opening), using a lead rod to rub daily will eventually open the passage, knowledge unknown to ancients. The transformed products of lead—Hufen, Huangdan, Mituoseng, and Qianbaishuang—share similar functions with lead. However, Hufen enters the Qi level, Huangdan enters the Blood level, Mituoseng sedates and descends, and Qianbaishuang specifically treats the Upper Jiao chest and diaphragm; this is the difference. Alchemists also cast it into combs to make hair and beard glossy and black, or boil them with herbs, which is particularly effective.
[Attached Prescriptions] Four old prescriptions, seventeen new ones.
Darken Beard and Brighten Eyes: Half a jin of Black Lead, melted in a pot, immediately add Mulberry Branch Ash, stir with Willow Wood until sandy, sieve into fine powder. Brush teeth every morning, rinse mouth and wash eyes with water; strengthens teeth, brightens eyes, and darkens beard and hair (*Shengjin Fang*).
Brush Teeth and Darken Mustache: Melt Black Lead, add segments of non-rotten Gleditsia Sinensis, stir-fry to charcoal, add a little salt, grind evenly. Use daily to brush teeth. Removes white whiskers, preventing them from turning white again. Another method: One jin of Black Tin, stir-fried to ash and buried in soil for five days, then stir-fried black with Cimicifuga, Asarum, and Terminalia chebula. Use daily to brush teeth; effective after 100 days (*Puji Fang*).
Loose Teeth: Same prescription as above.
Darkening Beard Lead Comb: Ten taels of Lead, three taels of Tin, three Poduo De, half a tael of Needle Sand and Prepared Rehmannia Root, one tael of Rubia Cordifolia and Walnut Peel, two and a half qian each of Myrobalan Fruit, Terminalia Chebula Peel, Sulfur, Pomegranate Peel, Magnetite, Green Vitriol, and Sesame Oil. Grind into powder. First melt lead and tin, add half the powder, mix evenly with Willow Wood, pour into comb mold to shape. Boil the remaining comb in the rest of the powder for three days and nights, adding water as needed. Take out and wrap tightly in old cloth for five days. Each time, use a熟 leather pad to comb the head 100 strokes, after washing and drying with Gleditsia water (*Puji Fang*).
Kidney Qi attacking the Heart, face turns black resembling death, and various Qi rushing upward causing asthma and urgency. Two taels of Lead, two taels of Litharge, one tael of Clove, one tael of Costus Root, one qian of Musk. Melt lead and stir-fry dry, add litharge and stir-fry urgently; when flames rise, spray with vinegar, pour into a pit in the ground and cover. When cool, take out and grind. Make pills the size of Euryale seeds using millet paste. Take two pills, dissolve in hot wine. Sweating, defecation, or passing gas indicates cure. If constipated, take another pill with five fen of Mirabilite (*Shengji Lu*).
Women's Blood and Qi, cold pain attacking the Heart: Same prescription as above.
Wind-Epilepsy with foaming, eyes rolling back, and convulsions in chronic cases: One tael each of Black Lead, Mercury (cinnabar-like aggregate), and Pinellia (processed). Grind into powder, make pills the size of mung beans using glutinous rice paste. One pill per year of age, taken with milk (*Puji Fang*).
Regurgitation and Hiccups: Melt Black Lead, add paper ash, grind into powder with a wooden pestle. One tael of powder, add one sheng of rice vinegar, simmer in a clay pot to a paste, add a little steamed cake powder, and make pills the size of small beans.
Take one pill, washed down with ginger soup (*Shengji Lu*).
Chronic Regurgitation not stopping: Two taels of Zibei Lead, two taels of Litharge, five taels of Salt Brine. Quench burning lead in brine until exhausted, stir-fry with litharge. If flames rise, cover the ladle to extinguish. Grind evenly, mix with steamed cake dough to make pills the size of mustard seeds. Take twenty pills, washed down with decoction of Nelumbo Nucifera Seed and dried persimmon (*Shengji Lu*).
Diabetes with irritability: Equal parts Black Lead and Mercury. Form into a paste, hold a bean-sized amount in the mouth, and swallow saliva (*Shenghui Fang*).
Taenia Saginata (Tapeworm): Eat a slice of pork first, then take four qian of Black Lead Ash mixed in sugar water at dawn. The worms will pass completely; eat white congee for one day. Scholar Xu suffered from gastric discomfort; after taking this, he expelled two worms: one inch long and broken, the other two chi five cun long, with segmented patterns (*Benshi Fang*).
Edema and Fullness: Five taels of Black Tin, one stick of Gleditsia Sinensis (roasted). Two dou of wine, boiled six times. Drink frequently until two to three sheng of urine is passed, then swelling subsides (*Qianjin Yi Fang*).
Urinary Retention: One tael of powdered Black Lead, half a tael of Ginger, a handful of Juncus Effusus. Decoct well water and drink. First apply fried scallions to the umbilicus (*Shenghui Fang*).
Sudden Cough: Equal parts Lead Filings from furnace, Cinnamon Twig, and Gleditsia Sinensis. Grind into powder, make honey pills the size of mustard seeds. Take fifteen pills with water, avoid scallions (*Beiji Fang*).
Scrofula and Tubercles: Three taels of Lead, stir-fry in iron vessel to obtain black ash, mix with vinegar and apply externally, cover with old cloth, change frequently to drain foul fluid. Continue for half a month; if no pain or rupture occurs, it will resolve internally into water and heal (Liu Yuxi, *Chuanxin Fang*).
Carbuncle on the Back: One jin of Black Lead, three taels of Licorice (slightly roasted). Soak licorice in one dou of wine in a bottle, then melt lead and throw it into the wine. Repeat nine times, strain. Drink until drunk and sleep; cured (*Jingyan Fang*).
Toxicity from Mineral Drugs: One jin of Black Lead, melted, thrown into one sheng of wine. Repeat over ten times. When wine reduces to half a sheng, drink at once (*Shengjin Fang*).
Extracting Calomel Toxicity: Five jin of wild Black Lead, hammered into a pot, filled with fifteen jin of distilled liquor, add half a jin of Smilax Glabra and three qian of Frankincense. Seal tightly, steam for one day and night, bury in soil to remove fire toxicity. Drink a few cups freely morning and evening. Catch urine in a clay basin afterward; the appearance of powder confirms efficacy. Stop when bone and tendon pain ceases (*Yifang Jiangyao*).
Arsenic Poisoning: Irritability like madness, abdominal pain, cold limbs, life hanging by a thread. Four taels of Black Lead, grind with water to make one bowl, force-feed (*Huatuo Weibing Fang*).
Sulfur Poisoning: Decoct Black Tin in water and drink; poison is resolved (*Jijian Fang*).