（《本经》下品）
【校正】并入《拾遗》齐蛤。
【释名】马蛤（《别录》）、齐蛤（《吴普》）
出《周礼》）、 KT （音亭 ）、单姥（音善
时珍曰∶俗称大
也。《说文
刀即齐蛤，而唐、宋本草失收，陈藏器重出齐蛤，今并为一。
【集解】《别录》曰∶马刀生江湖池泽及东海。取无时。
弘景曰∶李当之言∶生江汉，长六七寸，食其肉似蚌。今人多不识，大抵似今 KT
而未见方用。
韩保升曰∶生江湖中细长小蚌也。长三四寸，阔五六分。
颂曰∶今处处有之，多在沙泥中。头小锐。人亦谓之蚌。
藏器曰∶齐蛤生海中。状如蛤，两头尖小。海人食之，别无功用。
时珍曰∶马刀似蚌而小，形狭而长。其类甚多，长短大小，浓薄斜正，虽有不同，而性
味功用，大抵则一。
（炼粉用）
【气味】辛，微寒，有毒。得水，烂人肠。又云∶得水良。
恭曰∶得火良。
时珍曰∶按∶吴普云∶神农、岐伯、桐君∶咸，有毒。扁鹊∶小寒，大毒。
藏器曰∶远志、蜡，皆畏齐蛤。
【主治】妇人漏下赤白，寒热，破石淋。杀禽兽，贼鼠（《本经》）。
中鼠鼷，止烦满，补中，去厥痹，利机关（《别录》）。
肉
同蚌。
（音
【释名】生 （《嘉 》）
【集解】藏器曰∶
颂曰∶似蛤而长，身扁。
宗 曰∶顺安军界河中亦有之。与马刀相似。肉颇冷，人以作 食，不堪致远。
壳
【主治】烧末服，治痔病（藏器）。
肉
宗 曰∶多食发风。
（收录于《神农本草经》下品）
【校正】将本条目并入《新修本草·拾遗》中的“齐蛤”条。
【释名】马蛤（出自《名医别录》）、齐蛤（出自《吴普本草》）。
出自《周礼》的“KT”（音同“亭”）、“单姥”（音同“善”，即大蛤）。
李时珍说：俗称大蛤。《说文解字》中记载的“马刀”就是齐蛤，但唐代和宋代的本草著作中遗漏了收录，陈藏器又重复列出了齐蛤，现在将它们合并为一个条目。
【集解】《名医别录》说：马刀生长在江河湖泊、池塘沼泽以及东海地区。采集没有固定的时间。
陶弘景说：根据李当之的说法：马刀生长在江汉地区，长六七寸，食用其肉质类似蚌。现在很多人不认识它，大体上像现在的“KT”，但未见有人使用。
韩保升说：是生长在江河湖泊中细长的小蚌。长三四寸，宽五六分。
苏颂说：现在到处都有，多生活在沙泥中。头部小而尖。人们也称之为蚌。
陈藏器说：齐蛤生长在海中。形状像蛤，两头尖小。海边人食用它，没有其他药用功效。
李时珍说：马刀外形像蚌但较小，形体狭长。它的种类很多，长短大小、厚薄斜正虽有不同，但性味和功效大体相同。
（需炼制成粉使用）
【气味】辛味，微寒，有毒。遇水会使人肠道腐烂。又说：遇水后药效良好。
孟诜说：遇火后药效良好。
李时珍说：按：吴普说：神农、岐伯、桐君认为：咸味，有毒。扁鹊认为：小寒，大毒。
陈藏器说：远志、蜡都畏惧齐蛤。
【主治】妇女赤白带下（漏下赤白），寒热往来，破除石淋。杀灭禽兽和偷吃粮食的老鼠（出自《神农本草经》）。
肉：治疗被老鼠咬伤，止住烦闷胀满，补益中气，去除厥逆痹症，通利关节（出自《名医别录》）。
与蚌的功效相同。
（音“...”）
【释名】生...（出自《嘉祐本草》）
【集解】陈藏器说：...
苏颂说：形状像蛤但较长，身体扁平。
寇宗奭说：顺安军辖区的河流中也有这种生物。与马刀相似。肉质颇冷，人们用它做食物，不适合长途运输。
壳
【主治】烧成粉末服用，治疗痔疮（陈藏器）。
肉
寇宗奭说：多吃会引发风疾。
(Recorded in the Lower Grade of *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Correction] This entry is merged with "Qige" (Clam) from the *Supplement* section of *Xinxiu Bencao*.
[Names] Mage (from *Mingyi Bielu*), Qige (from *Wu Pu Bencao*).
Mentioned in *Zhou Li* as "KT" (pronounced 'ting'), and "Danmu" (pronounced 'shan', meaning large clam).
Li Shizhen states: Commonly known as large clam. The *Shuowen Jiezi* records that "Madao" is Qige, but it was omitted in Tang and Song dynasty materia medica. Chen Cangqi listed Qige again; now they are combined into one entry.
[Collection & Explanation] *Mingyi Bielu* states: Madao grows in rivers, lakes, ponds, marshes, and the East Sea. It can be harvested at any time.
Tao Hongjing states: According to Li Dangzhi: It grows in the Jianghan region, measuring six or seven cun in length. Its meat resembles that of a clam. Most people today do not recognize it; it generally resembles the current "KT," though it is rarely used.
Han Baosheng states: It is a slender, small clam living in rivers and lakes. It measures three to four cun in length and five to six fen in width.
Su Song states: It is found everywhere nowadays, mostly buried in sand and mud. The head is small and sharp. People also call it a clam (bang).
Chen Cangqi states: Qige grows in the sea. It resembles a clam with pointed ends. Seafarers eat it, but it has no other medicinal efficacy.
Li Shizhen states: Madao resembles a clam but is smaller, with a narrow and elongated shape. There are many varieties; although they differ in length, size, thickness, and orientation, their nature, flavor, and efficacy are largely the same.
(To be processed into powder for use)
[Nature & Flavor] Pungent, slightly cold, toxic. Contact with water causes intestinal rot. Another view holds that contact with water enhances its efficacy.
Meng Shen states: Fire processing enhances its efficacy.
Li Shizhen states: According to Wu Pu: Shennong, Qibo, and Tongjun considered it salty and toxic. Bian Que considered it slightly cold and highly toxic.
Chen Cangqi states: Yuanzhi (Radix Polygalae) and wax both fear Qige.
[Indications] Treats leukorrhea (red and white discharge) in women, alternating chills and fever, and breaks down stone strangury. Kills poultry/beasts and thieves/rats (*Shennong Bencao Jing*).
Meat: Treats rat bites, relieves restlessness and fullness, tonifies the Middle Jiao, removes jue-bi syndrome, and benefits the joints (*Mingyi Bielu*).
Efficacy is the same as that of Clam (Bang).
(Pronounced "...")
[Names] Sheng... (from *Jiayou Bencao*)
[Collection & Explanation] Chen Cangqi states: ...
Su Song states: Resembles a clam but is longer, with a flat body.
Kou Zongshi states: It is also found in rivers within the jurisdiction of Shun'an Jun. It resembles Madao. The meat is quite cold; people use it for food, but it is not suitable for long-distance transport.
Shell
[Indications] Burned to ash and taken orally to treat hemorrhoids (Chen Cangqi).
Meat
Kou Zongshi states: Excessive consumption induces wind disorders.