（《拾遗》）
【释名】 （《尔雅》）、天狗（同）、水狗（同）、鱼虎（《禽经》）、鱼师（同）、翠碧鸟
（《尔雅翼》）。
时珍曰∶狗、虎、师，皆兽之噬物者。此鸟害鱼，故得此类命名。
【集解】藏器曰∶此即翠鸟也。穴土为窠。大者名翠鸟，小者名鱼狗。青色似翠，其尾
可为饰。亦有斑白者，俱能水上取鱼。
时珍曰∶鱼狗，处处水涯有之。大如燕，喙尖而长，足红而短，背毛翠色带碧，翅毛黑
色扬青，可饰女人首物，亦翡翠之类。
肉
【气味】咸，平，无毒。
【主治】鱼哽，及鱼骨入肉不出，痛甚者，烧研饮服。或煮汁饮，亦佳（藏器）。
【发明】时珍曰∶今人治鱼骨哽，取得去肠，用阴阳瓦泥固 存性，入药用。盖亦取其
相制之意。
【附录】翡翠 时珍曰∶《尔雅》谓之鹬，出交广南越诸地。饮啄水侧，穴居生子，亦
巢于木，似鱼狗稍大。或云∶前身翡，后身翠，如鹅翠、雁翠之义。或云∶雄为翡，其色多
赤。雌为翠，其色多青。彼人亦以肉作腊食之。方书不见用，功应与鱼狗相同。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】吐蚊鸟、 （《尔雅》。音田）。
【集解】藏器曰∶此鸟大如鸡，黑色。生南方池泽茹 中，江东亦多。其声如人呕吐，
每吐出蚊一、二升。夫蚊乃恶水中虫，羽化所生。而江东有蚊母鸟，塞北有蚊母草，岭南有
虻母木，此三物异类而同功也。
时珍曰∶郭璞云∶蚊母似乌 而大，黄白杂纹，鸣如鸽声。《岭南异物志》言∶吐蚊鸟
，大如青KT ，大嘴食鱼。岂各地之产差异耶？
翅羽
【主治】作扇辟蚊（藏器）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】（出自《尔雅》）、天狗（同义）、水狗（同义）、鱼虎（出自《禽经》）、鱼师（同义）、翠碧鸟（出自《尔雅翼》）。
李时珍说：狗、虎、师，都是捕食猎物的兽类。这种鸟伤害鱼类，因此得名这类名称。
【集解】陈藏器说：这就是翠鸟（Cyanoptila cyanomelana, Kingfisher）。在土中打洞做巢。大的叫翠鸟，小的叫鱼狗（Halcyon smyrnensis, White-throated Kingfisher）。青色像翠鸟，它的尾羽可以作为装饰品。也有斑白色的，都能在水面上捕捉鱼类。
李时珍说：鱼狗，各地水边都有。大小像燕子，嘴尖而长，脚红而短，背部羽毛是翠绿色带碧色，翅膀羽毛黑色泛青，可以用来装饰女子的头饰，也是翡翠（Feicui, Kingfisher plumage）之类。
肉
【气味】咸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】鱼刺卡喉，以及鱼骨卡在肉里出不来，疼痛剧烈的，烧成灰研末用水送服。或者煮汁饮用，也很好（陈藏器）。
【发明】李时珍说：现在人治疗鱼骨卡喉，取得鱼狗去掉内脏，用阴阳瓦（一种特制的瓦片）和泥封存煅存性，入药使用。这大概也是取以毒攻毒、同类相制的意思。
【附录】翡翠 李时珍说：《尔雅》称它为鹬（Yu, Snipe），出产于交州、广州、南越等地。在水边饮水啄食，在洞穴中居住生子，也有在树上筑巢的，比鱼狗稍大。有人说：前身叫翡，后身叫翠，如同鹅翠、雁翠的含义。有人说：雄性叫翡，颜色多赤红；雌性叫翠，颜色多青绿。那里的人也将它的肉制成腊味食用。医方书中不见使用，功效应该与鱼狗相同。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】吐蚊鸟、 （出自《尔雅》，音“田”）。
【集解】陈藏器说：这种鸟大如鸡，黑色。生长在南方池泽芦苇丛中，江东地区也很多。它的声音像人呕吐，每次吐出蚊子一、二升。蚊子是恶水中的虫，由羽化而生。而江东有蚊母鸟，塞北有蚊母草，岭南有虻母木，这三种不同类的东西功效相同。
李时珍说：郭璞说：蚊母鸟像乌鸦但较大，黄白杂纹，鸣叫声像鸽子。《岭南异物志》说：吐蚊鸟，大如青鸂鶒（Xichi, Mandarin Duck），大嘴吃鱼。难道是各地出产的差异吗？
翅羽
【主治】做成扇子驱避蚊子（陈藏器）。
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Names] (From *Erya*); Tianguo (Heavenly Dog, synonymous); Shuigou (Water Dog, synonymous); Yuhu (Fish Tiger, from *Qinjing*); Yushi (Fish Master, synonymous); Cuibi Niao (Emerald Green Bird, from *Eryayi*).
Li Shizhen stated: "Dog," "Tiger," and "Master" are all names for beasts that prey on other creatures. This bird harms fish, hence it received these names.
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: "This is the Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Kingfisher). It burrows into the earth to make nests. The larger ones are called Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Kingfisher), and the smaller ones are called Halcyon smyrnensis (White-throated Kingfisher). They are blue-green like the Cyanoptila cyanomelana (Kingfisher), and their tail feathers can be used as ornaments. Some are spotted white; all can catch fish on the water surface."
Li Shizhen stated: "Halcyon smyrnensis (White-throated Kingfisher) is found at water edges everywhere. It is the size of a swallow, with a sharp and long beak, red and short legs. Its back feathers are emerald green with a bluish tint, and its wing feathers are black with a green sheen. They can be used to decorate women's headwear; they belong to the category of Feicui (Kingfisher plumage)."
Meat
[Properties and Flavors] Salty, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Indications] For fishbone stuck in the throat, or fish bones embedded in flesh that cannot be removed, causing severe pain. Burn to ash, grind into powder, and take with water. Alternatively, boil in water and drink the juice; this is also effective (Chen Zangqi).
[Elucidation] Li Shizhen stated: "Currently, people treat fishbone impaction by obtaining the bird, removing the entrails, sealing it with mud in Yin-Yang tiles (Yin-Yang Wa, a type of specialized tile), calcining it to preserve its medicinal properties, and using it in prescriptions. This likely derives from the principle of mutual restraint between similar substances."
[Appendix] Feicui (Kingfisher Plumage) Li Shizhen stated: "*Erya* refers to it as Yu (Snipe). It is produced in Jiaozhou, Guangzhou, and Nan Yue regions. It drinks and feeds by the water, lives in burrows to raise young, and sometimes builds nests in trees. It is slightly larger than Halcyon smyrnensis (White-throated Kingfisher). Some say: the front part is 'Fei' (red), the back part is 'Cui' (green), similar to the meanings of Ecui (Goose Emerald) and Yancui (Wild Goose Emerald). Others say: males are 'Fei', mostly red in color; females are 'Cui', mostly green in color. People there also eat its meat as preserved jerky. It does not appear in medical formularies, but its efficacy should be the same as Halcyon smyrnensis (White-throated Kingfisher)."
(From *Bencao Shiyi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
[Names] Tuwen Niao (Mosquito-Vomiting Bird); [Character missing/obscure] (From *Erya*. Pronounced "Tian").
[Collected Explanations] Chen Zangqi stated: "This bird is the size of a chicken and is black. It grows in the reeds of southern pools and marshes, and is also abundant in the Jiangdong region. Its sound resembles human vomiting, expelling one or two sheng (a unit of volume) of mosquitoes each time. Mosquitoes are harmful insects from water, born through metamorphosis. Yet, in Jiangdong there is the Wenmu Niao (Mosquito-Mother Bird), in the northern frontier there is the Wenmu Cao (Mosquito-Mother Herb), and in Lingnan there is the Mengmu Mu (Horsefly-Mother Tree). These three different species share the same function."
Li Shizhen stated: "Guo Pu said: 'Wenmu Niao resembles a crow but is larger, with yellow and white mottled patterns, and its call sounds like a pigeon.' *Lingnan Yiwu Zhi* states: 'Tuwen Niao is the size of Qingxichi (Mandarin Duck), has a large beak, and eats fish.' Could this be due to differences in regional varieties?"
Wing Feathers
[Indications] Made into fans to repel mosquitoes (Chen Zangqi).