（《拾遗》）
【释名】角鸱（《说文》）、怪鸱（《尔雅》）、 （音丸）、老兔（《尔雅》）、钩 （音格）、
KT （音忌欺）、毂辘鹰（蜀人所呼）、呼 鹰（楚人所呼）、夜食鹰（吴人所呼）。
时珍曰∶其状似鸱而有毛角，故曰鸱，曰角。曰 ， 字象鸟头目有角形也。老兔，象
头目形。鸺、怪，皆不祥也。钩 、毂辘、呼
【集解】藏器曰∶钩 ，即《尔雅》 KT 也，江东呼为钩 。其状似鸱有角，怪鸟
也。
夜飞昼伏，入城城空，入室室空。常在一处则无害。若闻其声如笑者，宜速去之。北土有训
狐，二物相似，各有其类。训狐声呼其名，两目如猫儿，大于鸲鹆，作笑声，当有人死。又
有鸺 ，亦是其类，微小而黄，夜能入人家，拾人手爪，知人吉凶。有人获之，嗉中犹有爪
甲。故除爪甲者，埋之户内，为此也。
时珍曰∶此物有二种∶鸱鸺大如鸱鹰，黄黑斑色，头目如猫，有毛角两耳。昼伏夜出，
鸣则雌雄相唤，其声如老人，初若呼，后若笑，所至多不祥。《庄子》云∶鸱鸺夜拾蚤，察
毫末，昼出 目而不见丘山。何承天纂文云∶鸱鸺白日不见人，夜能拾蚤虱。俗讹蚤为人爪，
妄矣。一种鸺 ，大如鸲鹆，毛色如鹞，头目亦如猫。鸣则后窍应之，其声连转，如云休留
休留，故名曰鸺 。江东呼为车载板，楚人呼为快扛鸟，蜀人呼为春哥儿，皆言其鸣主有人
死也，试之亦验。《说文》谓之 （音爵），言其小也。藏器所谓训狐者，乃 也；所谓鸺
者，乃鸱鸺之小者也。并误矣。《周礼》 蔟氏掌覆夭鸟之巢，以方书十日之号，十二支之
号，十二月之号，十二岁之号，二十有八宿之号，悬其巢则去。《续博物志》云∶鸺 、鹳、
鹊，其抱以聒。
肉
【气味】缺。
【主治】疟疾。用一只，去毛肠，油炸食之（时珍。出《阴宪副方》）。
【附方】新一。
风虚眩晕∶大头鹰闭杀去毛，煮食；以骨烧存性，酒服。（《便民食疗》）
肝
【主治】入法术家用（时珍）。
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【释名】角鸱（出自《说文解字》）、怪鸱（出自《尔雅》）、[音丸]、老兔（出自《尔雅》）、钩[音格]、[音忌欺]、毂辘鹰（蜀地人所称呼）、呼[鹰]（楚地人所称呼）、夜食鹰（吴地人所称呼）。
李时珍说：这种鸟的形状像鸱（猫头鹰一类），但头上有毛角，所以叫鸱，也叫角。那个“[音丸]”字，象形描绘了鸟头目上有角的形状。“老兔”，是形容其头目的形状。鸺和怪，都代表不吉祥。钩[音格]、毂辘、呼[鹰]……
【集解】陈藏器说：钩[音格]，就是《尔雅》中的[KT]，江东地区称之为钩[音格]。它的形状像鸱且有角，是一种怪异的鸟。
它在夜间飞行，白天潜伏。如果它进入城市，城市便显得空寂；如果进入房屋，屋内便显得空寂。如果它常停留在一个地方，则没有危害。如果听到它的叫声像笑声一样，应该迅速离开那里。北方有一种叫“训狐”的鸟，这两种东西相似，但各有其种类。训狐叫声呼唤自己的名字，两只眼睛像猫儿，比八哥大，发出笑声，预示将有人死亡。还有一种叫“鸺[ ]”，也是这一类，体型微小且呈黄色，夜晚能进入人家，抓取人的手指甲，以此预知人的吉凶。有人捕获到它，嗉囊中还有指甲。所以那些去除指甲的人，把它埋在门内，就是这个原因。
李时珍说：这种动物有两种：一种是鸱鸺，大小像鸱鹰，羽毛呈黄黑斑色，头目像猫，有两耳状的毛角。白天潜伏，夜间出来活动，鸣叫时雌雄相互呼唤，声音像老人，起初好像呼喊，后来好像笑声，所到之处多有不祥之兆。《庄子》中说：“鸱鸺夜里捕捉跳蚤，能看清毫毛末梢，白天睁大眼睛却看不见山丘。”何承天编纂的《纂文》中说：“鸱鸺白天看不见人，夜里能捕捉跳蚤虱子。”民间讹传把“蚤”当作“人爪”，这是荒谬的。另一种叫“鸺[ ]”，大小像八哥，毛色像鹞鹰，头目也像猫。鸣叫时后窍随之共鸣，声音连续转折，好像说“休留休留”，所以名叫鸺[ ]。江东地区称之为车载板，楚地人称之为快扛鸟，蜀地人称之为春哥儿，都说它的鸣叫预示着有人死亡，验证起来也确实如此。《说文解字》称它为[音爵]，是说它体型小。陈藏器所说的“训狐”，其实是[音爵]；所说的“鸺[ ]”，其实是鸱鸺的小型者。这都是错误的。《周礼》中蔟氏掌管覆盖夭折之鸟的巢穴，用方形牌子写上十日的号数、十二地支的号数、十二月的号数、十二岁的号数、二十八宿的号数，悬挂在巢上，鸟就会离去。《续博物志》中说：鸺[ ]、鹳、鹊，它们孵卵时非常吵闹。
【气味】缺。
【主治】疟疾（Malaria）。取一只，去掉毛和内脏，用油炸熟食用（李时珍。出自《阴宪副方》）。
【附方】新收录一方。
风虚眩晕（Wind-deficiency dizziness）：取大头鹰，杀死后去毛，煮食；将其骨头烧至存性，用酒送服。（出自《便民食疗》）
(From *Bencao Shayi* / Supplement to Materia Medica)
**Names:** Jiao Chi (Horned Owl, from *Shuowen Jiezi*), Guai Chi (Strange Owl, from *Erya*), [Wan], Lao Tu (Old Rabbit, from *Erya*), Gou [Ge], [Jiqi], Guluying (called by people in Shu), Hu [Ying] (called by people in Chu), Yeshiying (Night-eating Eagle, called by people in Wu).
Li Shizhen said: This bird resembles the Chi (owl-like birds) but has feathered horns on its head, hence it is called Chi and Jiao. The character [Wan] depicts the shape of the bird's head and eyes with horns. "Lao Tu" describes the shape of its head and eyes. "Xiu" and "Guai" both imply inauspiciousness. Gou [Ge], Guluy, Hu [Ying]...
**Collected Explanations:** Chen Cangqi said: Gou [Ge] is the same as [KT] in *Erya*, and is called Gou [Ge] in the Jiangdong region. Its appearance resembles a Chi with horns; it is a strange bird.
It flies at night and hides during the day. If it enters a city, the city seems empty; if it enters a house, the house seems empty. If it stays in one place for a long time, it causes no harm. However, if its cry sounds like laughter, one should leave quickly. In the northern regions, there is a bird called "Xunhu" (Teaching Fox). These two creatures are similar but belong to different categories. Xunhu calls out its own name, has eyes like a cat, is larger than a thrush, makes laughing sounds, and this portends the death of someone. There is also another bird called "Xiu [ ]", which belongs to the same category. It is small and yellow, can enter houses at night, and picks human fingernails to predict good or bad fortune. When captured, its crop often contains nails. Therefore, those who remove nails bury it inside the door for this reason.
Li Shizhen said: There are two types of this animal: One is the Chixiu, size comparable to an owl-eagle, with yellow and black spotted plumage, head and eyes like a cat, and two ear tufts of feathers. It hides by day and emerges by night. When calling, males and females call to each other; the sound resembles that of an old person, initially sounding like a call and later like laughter. Its arrival is often considered inauspicious. *Zhuangzi* states: "The Chixiu catches fleas at night, seeing even the finest hairs, but when it comes out by day, it cannot see hills and mountains." He Chengtian’s *Zuanwen* states: "Chixiu cannot see people during the day but can catch fleas and lice at night." Folklore erroneously changed "fleas" to "human nails," which is absurd. The other type is called "Xiu [ ]", size comparable to a thrush, plumage color like a harrier, head and eyes also like a cat. When calling, its vent resonates, producing a continuous, turning sound like "Xiu Liu Xiu Liu," hence the name Xiu [ ]. In Jiangdong, it is called Che Zai Ban; in Chu, Kuai Kang Niao; in Shu, Chun Ge Er. All say its cry portends death, and testing confirms this. *Shuowen Jiezi* calls it [Jue], indicating its small size. What Chen Cangqi called "Xunhu" is actually [Jue]; what he called "Xiu [ ]" is actually the smaller version of Chixiu. Both were mistaken. *Rites of Zhou* mentions that Cu Shi was in charge of covering nests of unnatural-death birds, writing numbers of ten days, twelve earthly branches, twelve months, twelve years, and twenty-eight mansions on square tablets, hanging them on the nest to drive the birds away. *Xu Bowuzhi* states: Xiu [ ], Stork, and Magpie are noisy while incubating eggs.
**Meat**
**Flavor and Properties:** Not recorded.
**Indications:** Malaria. Take one bird, remove feathers and viscera, deep-fry and eat (Li Shizhen. From *Yin Xianfu Fang*).
**Attached Prescriptions:** New prescription 1.
Wind-deficiency dizziness: Take a large-headed eagle, kill it, remove feathers, boil and eat; burn the bones until carbonized (preserving nature), and take with wine (from *Bianmin Shiliao*).
**Liver**
**Indications:** Used by practitioners of magical arts (Li Shizhen).