气温。味辛。无毒。主破血。妇人月经不调。腹中结块。崩中淋露。产后诸血症
。血晕。暴血冲上。因损下血。煮酒或酒磨服。
延胡索气温。禀天春升之木气。入足厥阴肝经。味辛无毒。得地西方之金味。入手太阴
肺经
。气味俱升。阳也。辛能散结。温能行血。肝藏血。故入肝而破血。肝属木。木性条达。郁
则肝血不藏。月经不调矣。辛温畅肝。所以调经。腹为阴。腹中结块。血结成块也。辛能散
结。温能行血。所以主之。崩中肝血不藏而下崩也。淋露下之淋沥不止也。辛温气味上升条
达
主
之。血晕。血闭而晕也。其主之者。藉其辛散之功也。暴血冲上。血挟邪气而上冲也。其主
之者。辛温破血之力。然必佐他药以成功也。因损下血。血伤而下也。辛温活血。故佐酒则
血归经也。
制 方:
延胡索为末酒服。治胃脘痛。及下利腹痛。同归身、生地、牛膝、益母草、童便。治产
后血
晕。同芎、归、芍、地、白胶、牛膝、香附。治女人经阻少腹痛。同朴硝。治蓄血。专为末
。
猪胰蘸服。治气块痛。同当归、陈皮丸。治经水不调腹痛。同归身、桂心末。治冷气腰痛。
气温。味辛。无毒。主咳逆上气。头痛脑动。百节拘挛。风湿痹痛。死肌。久服明
目。利九窍。轻身长年。
细辛气温。禀天春升之木气。入足厥阴肝经。味辛无毒。得地西方之金味。入手太阴肺
经。
气味俱升。阳也。肺属金而主皮毛。形寒饮冷则伤肺。肺伤则气不降。而咳逆上气之症生矣
。细辛辛入肺。温能散寒。所以主之。风为阳邪而伤于上。风气入脑则头痛。脑动风性动也
。其主之者。风气通肝。入肝辛散也。地之湿气。感则害人皮肉筋骨。百节拘挛。湿伤筋骨
也
。风湿痹痛。湿伤肉也。死肌。湿伤皮也。细辛辛温。散湿活血。则皮肉筋骨之邪散而愈也
。久服辛温畅肝。肝开窍于目。五脏精液上奉。故目明。辛温开发。故利九窍。肝木条畅。
以生气血。所以轻身长年也。
制 方:
细辛同石膏。治阳明火热齿痛。同芎、归、芍、丹皮、 本、甘草、白薇。治女子子宫
冷不
孕。同甘草。治伤寒少阴咽痛。同五味、白芍、甘草、肉桂、炮姜、黄 、苏梗。治咳逆上
气。及筋骨疼痛。同白芍、甘草、桂枝、木通、归身。治风湿痛。专为末吹鼻。治卒倒不省
人事。
【延胡索】
气味：气温，味辛。无毒。
主治：主要治疗破血（消散瘀血），妇女月经不调，腹部结块，崩中漏下（非经期大量出血或淋漓不尽），产后各种血症，血晕，突发血液上冲，因损伤导致的下部出血。用法为煮酒服用或用酒磨服。
【细辛】
气味：气温，味辛。无毒。
主治：主要治疗咳嗽气逆，头痛伴有脑部跳动感觉，全身关节拘挛，风湿痹痛，肌肤麻木不仁。长期服用可明目，通利九窍，使身体轻盈并延年益寿。
【延胡索解析】
延胡索气温，禀受自然界春季升发的木气，入足厥阴肝经。味辛且无毒，得大地西方之金味，入手太阴肺经。其气味皆主上升，属阳。辛味能散结，温性能行血。肝主藏血，故延胡索入肝而能破血。肝属木，木性条达舒畅，若郁结则肝血不能正常贮藏，导致月经不调。延胡索辛温，能舒展肝气，所以能调理月经。腹部属阴，腹中结块是血液凝结成块所致。辛能散结，温能行血，所以能主治此症。崩中是因为肝血不藏而下泄；淋露是指淋漓不止的症状。延胡索辛温，气味上升条达，故能主治这些病症。血晕是因血闭阻而致的昏晕，主治它依靠的是其辛散的功效。暴血冲上是血液挟带邪气向上冲逆，主治它依靠的是辛温破血的力量，但必须配合其他药物才能成功。因损伤导致的下部出血，是血伤下行，延胡索辛温活血，佐以酒则能使血归经。
制方：
将延胡索研为末，用酒送服，治疗胃脘痛及腹泻腹痛。与当归身、生地黄、牛膝、益母草、童便同用，治疗产后血晕。与川芎、当归、白芍、生地黄、阿胶、牛膝、香附同用，治疗女性经血阻滞伴少腹痛。与朴硝同用，治疗蓄血证，专门研为末，用猪胰蘸取服用，治疗气块疼痛。与当归、陈皮制成丸剂，治疗经水不调引起的腹痛。与当归身、桂心末同用，治疗冷气腰痛。
【细辛解析】
细辛气温，禀受自然界春季升发的木气，入足厥阴肝经。味辛且无毒，得大地西方之金味，入手太阴肺经。其气味皆主上升，属阳。肺属金而主管皮毛，形体受寒或饮用冷物则会伤肺。肺受伤则气不下降，从而产生咳嗽气逆的症状。细辛辛入肺经，温能散寒，所以能主治此症。风为阳邪，易伤人体上部，风气侵入脑部则引起头痛，脑动是因为风性主动。主治它依靠的是风气通于肝，入肝后发挥辛散的作用。大地的湿气，感之则伤害人的皮肉筋骨，导致百节拘挛，这是湿伤了筋骨。风湿痹痛，是湿伤了肌肉。死肌（肌肤麻木），是湿伤了皮肤。细辛辛温，能散湿活血，则皮肉筋骨的邪气消散而痊愈。长期服用辛温之品能舒展肝气，肝开窍于目，五脏的精液上奉于目，所以眼睛明亮。辛温具有开发宣通的作用，所以能通利九窍。肝木条达舒畅，从而化生气血，所以能使身体轻盈并延年益寿。
制方：
细辛与石膏同用，治疗阳明火热引起的齿痛。与川芎、当归、白芍、丹皮、藁本、甘草、白薇同用，治疗女子子宫寒冷不孕。与甘草同用，治疗伤寒少阴病咽痛。与五味子、白芍、甘草、肉桂、炮姜、黄芩、苏梗同用，治疗咳嗽气逆及筋骨疼痛。与白芍、甘草、桂枝、木通、当归身同用，治疗风湿痛。单独研为末吹入鼻腔，治疗突然昏倒不省人事。
[ Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome) ]
Taste and Nature: Warm in nature, pungent in taste. Non-toxic.
Main Indications: Primarily treats breaking blood (dispelling blood stasis), irregular menstruation in women, abdominal masses, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea (profuse bleeding or dripping discharge outside of menstrual periods), various postpartum blood disorders, syncope due to blood stagnation, sudden rushing up of blood, and lower bleeding due to injury. Administration method: Decocted in wine or ground with wine for oral administration.
[ Xixin (Asari Root) ]
Taste and Nature: Warm in nature, pungent in taste. Non-toxic.
Main Indications: Primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi, headache accompanied by throbbing in the brain, spasms and contractures of all joints, bi-syndrome caused by wind-dampness, and dead flesh (numbness of skin and muscles). Long-term use brightens the eyes, benefits the nine orifices, lightens the body, and prolongs life.
[ Analysis of Yanhusuo ]
Yanhusuo is warm in nature, inheriting the spring-rising Wood Qi of heaven, entering the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. It is pungent and non-toxic, obtaining the Metal taste of the West earth, entering the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian. Its taste and nature both ascend, belonging to Yang. Pungency can disperse nodules, and warmth can promote blood circulation. The Liver stores blood; thus, Yanhusuo enters the Liver to break blood. The Liver belongs to Wood, and Wood has a free-flowing nature. If constrained, Liver blood cannot be stored properly, leading to irregular menstruation. Yanhusuo’s pungency and warmth soothe the Liver, thereby regulating menstruation. The abdomen belongs to Yin. Abdominal masses are formed by congealed blood. Pungency disperses nodules, and warmth moves blood, so it treats these conditions. Metrorrhagia occurs when Liver blood fails to be stored and flows downward; leukorrhea refers to continuous dripping. Yanhusuo’s pungency and warmth cause ascending and free-flowing Qi, thus treating these symptoms. Syncope due to blood is caused by blood obstruction leading to fainting; its treatment relies on the dispersing power of pungency. Sudden rushing up of blood is blood carrying pathogenic factors upward; its treatment relies on the power of pungency and warmth to break blood, but must be assisted by other herbs to succeed. Lower bleeding due to injury is blood flowing downward after damage; Yanhusuo’s pungency and warmth invigorate blood, and when aided by wine, helps blood return to its vessels.
Prescriptions:
Grind Yanhusuo into powder and take with wine to treat epigastric pain and abdominal pain with diarrhea. Combine with Danggui Shen (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, root portion), Shengdi Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), Yimucao (Herba Leonuri), and Tongbian (Urine of healthy child) to treat postpartum syncope. Combine with Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Di (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), Baijiao (Colla Corii Asini), Niuxi, and Xiangfu (Rhizoma Cyperi) to treat female menstrual obstruction with lower abdominal pain. Combine with Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas) to treat blood retention; grind specifically into powder, dip in pig pancreas, and take to treat pain from Qi masses. Combine with Danggui and Chenpi, made into pills, to treat abdominal pain due to irregular menstruation. Combine with Danggui Shen and Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi) to treat lower back pain due to cold Qi.
[ Analysis of Xixin ]
Xixin is warm in nature, inheriting the spring-rising Wood Qi of heaven, entering the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. It is pungent and non-toxic, obtaining the Metal taste of the West earth, entering the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian. Its taste and nature both ascend, belonging to Yang. The Lung belongs to Metal and governs the skin and hair. Cold exposure to the body or consumption of cold drinks damages the Lung. When the Lung is damaged, Qi does not descend, resulting in symptoms of cough and rebellious Qi. Xixin’s pungency enters the Lung, and its warmth disperses cold, thus treating this condition. Wind is a Yang pathogen that damages the upper body. When wind Qi enters the brain, it causes headache; brain throbbing is due to the active nature of wind. Its treatment relies on wind Qi connecting to the Liver and using pungency to disperse within the Liver. Earth’s dampness, when contracted, harms the skin, flesh, sinews, and bones, causing joint spasms; this is dampness damaging sinews and bones. Bi-syndrome caused by wind-dampness indicates dampness damaging muscle. Dead flesh (numbness) indicates dampness damaging skin. Xixin’s pungency and warmth disperse dampness and invigorate blood, so the pathogens in skin, flesh, sinews, and bones dissipate and heal. Long-term use of pungency and warmth soothes the Liver. The Liver opens into the eyes; essence and fluid from the five Zang organs ascend to nourish the eyes, thus brightening vision. Pungency and warmth have an opening and unblocking effect, thus benefiting the nine orifices. When Liver Wood is free-flowing, it generates Qi and blood, thus lightening the body and prolonging life.
Prescriptions:
Combine Xixin with Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) to treat toothache caused by Yangming fire heat. Combine with Xiong, Gui, Shaoyao, Danpi (Cortex Moutan), Bencao (Radix Ligustici Wallichii), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), and Baiwei (Radix Cynanchi Atrati) to treat infertility due to uterine cold in women. Combine with Gancao to treat sore throat in Shaoyin syndrome of Cold Damage. Combine with Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis), Shaoyao, Gancao, Rougui (Cortex Cinnamomi), Paojiang (Radix Zingiberis Preparata), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis), and Sugeng (Caulis Perillae) to treat cough with rebellious Qi and pain in sinews and bones. Combine with Shaoyao, Gancao, Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Mutong (Caulis Akebiae), and Danggui Shen to treat wind-dampness pain. Grind alone into powder and insufflate into the nose to treat sudden collapse and unconsciousness.