味甘、酸，寒、大寒，无毒。主治青盲、耳聋，明目，利九窍，通血脉，养精神，益肝
气，治目赤痛，去肤翳，止泪出，利水道，下乳汁，通关节，破坚积。久服轻身，延年不老，
令人不忘，志高、神仙。能化铜、铁、铅、锡作金。生益州山谷及越西山有铜处。铜精熏则
生空青，其腹中空。三月中旬采，亦无时。
越西属益州。今出铜官者，色最鲜深，出始兴者弗如，益州诸郡无复有，恐久不采之故
也。凉州西平郡有空青山，亦甚多。今空青俱圆实如铁珠，无空复者，皆凿土石中取之。又
以合丹成，则化铅为金矣。诸石药中，惟此最贵。医方乃稀用之，而多充画也，殊为可惜。
（
味酸，小寒，无毒。主治目痛，止泪出，风痹，利关节，通九窍，破症坚、积聚，养
胆，除寒热，杀白虫，治头风、脑中寒，止烦渴，补不足，盛阴气。久服轻身不老。能化金
、铜。生蜀中山谷及越西，采无时。（畏菟丝子。）
此说与空青同山，疗体亦相似。今铜官更无曾青，惟出始兴。形累累如黄连相缀，色理
小
卷三，《政和》九一页）
味甘、酸、咸，平，无毒。主明目，利九窍，耳聋，心下邪气，令人吐，杀诸毒，三虫。
久服通神明，轻身，延年不老。可消为铜剑，辟五兵。生豫章山谷。采无时。
此医方不复用，市人亦无卖者，惟《仙经》三十六水方中时有须处。铜剑之法，具在九
元
【空青】
味甘、酸，性寒或大寒，无毒。主治青盲（视力减退或失明）、耳聋，能明目，通利九窍，疏通血脉，滋养精神，补益肝气，治疗目赤肿痛，去除眼部翳膜，止住流泪，通利水道，下泄乳汁，通利关节，破除体内坚积之邪。长期服用可轻身延年，使人记忆力增强，志向高远，甚至达到成仙的境界。能使铜、铁、铅、锡转化为金。产于益州山谷及越西山有铜矿的地方。铜精熏蒸则生成空青，其内部中空。三月中旬采集，其他时间也可采集。
越西属于益州。现在出产于铜官的空青色泽最鲜艳深沉，出产于始兴的不如它，益州各郡已不再出产，恐怕是因为长久无人开采的缘故。凉州西平郡有空青山，产量也很多。现在的空青都圆实如铁珠，没有中空的了，都是从土石中凿取出来的。又用它们来合炼丹药，就能将铅转化为金。在各种石药中，只有这种最为珍贵。医方中很少使用它，而多被用来作画，这实在是非常可惜。
【曾青】
味酸，性小寒，无毒。主治目痛，止住流泪，治疗风痹，通利关节，通利九窍，破除症坚和积聚，滋养胆腑，消除寒热症状，杀灭白虫，治疗头风、脑中寒邪，止住烦渴，补充不足，盛壮阴气。长期服用可轻身不老。能使金、铜转化。产于蜀中山谷及越西，采集无固定时间。（畏忌菟丝子。）
此说与空青同出一山，疗效也相似。现在铜官已无曾青出产，只有始兴出产。形状累累相连如同黄连串在一起，色泽纹理稍逊一筹。
【白青】
味甘、酸、咸，性平，无毒。主要功效为明目，通利九窍，治疗耳聋，清除心下的邪气，使人呕吐，杀灭各种毒物及三虫。长期服用可通神明，轻身延年。可将铜销熔铸为剑，辟除五兵（兵器）。产于豫章山谷。采集无固定时间。
如今医方中不再使用它，市场上也没有售卖者，只有在《仙经》三十六水方中偶尔有需要之处。铸铜剑的方法，详见九元……
[Congqing] (Kong Qing, Azurite)
Taste: Sweet, Sour. Nature: Cold or Very Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Treats Qingmang (blindness or severe visual impairment), deafness; brightens the eyes; benefits the nine orifices; unblocks blood vessels; nourishes the spirit; supplements Liver Qi; treats red and painful eyes; removes eye nebulae; stops tearing; promotes urination; induces lactation; unblocks joints; breaks down hard accumulations. Long-term use lightens the body, prolongs life, enhances memory, elevates aspirations, and leads to immortality. It can transform copper, iron, lead, and tin into gold.
Source: Grows in the valleys of Yizhou and the western mountains of Yuexi where copper ores are found. Kong Qing is formed by the fumigation of copper essence, characterized by a hollow interior. Harvested in mid-March, but can be collected at any time.
Notes: Yuexi belongs to Yizhou. Currently, those from Tongguan have the most vibrant and deep color; those from Shixing are inferior. The various commanderies of Yizhou no longer produce it, likely due to long-term lack of mining. There is also an Empty Green Mountain (Kongqing Shan) in Xiping Commandery, Liangzhou, which yields abundant amounts. Current Kong Qing specimens are solid and round like iron beads, lacking the hollow structure, and are chiseled out from earth and stone. They are used in alchemy to transform lead into gold. Among all mineral drugs, this is the most precious. Medical prescriptions rarely use it, and it is mostly used for painting, which is a great pity.
[Zengqing] (Zeng Qing, Chrysocolla)
Taste: Sour. Nature: Slightly Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Treats eye pain; stops tearing; treats Wind-Bi (wind-damp obstruction); benefits joints; unblocks the nine orifices; breaks down fixed masses and accumulations; nourishes the Gallbladder; eliminates alternating chills and fever; kills white parasites; treats Head Wind and cold in the brain; stops irritability and thirst; tonifies deficiencies; strengthens Yin Qi. Long-term use lightens the body and prevents aging. It can transform gold and copper.
Source: Grows in the valleys of Shu and Yuexi. Harvested at any time. (Incompatible with Cuscutae Semen).
Notes: This description shares the same origin as Kong Qing, and its therapeutic properties are similar. Currently, Zeng Qing is no longer produced in Tongguan, only in Shixing. Its shape clusters together like linked Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), with slightly inferior color and texture.
[Baiqing] (Bai Qing, Malachite)
Taste: Sweet, Sour, Salty. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Brightens the eyes; benefits the nine orifices; treats deafness; clears pathogenic factors under the heart; induces vomiting; kills various toxins and three types of parasites. Long-term use enhances spiritual clarity, lightens the body, and prolongs life. It can dissolve copper to make swords and ward off weapons.
Source: Grows in the valleys of Yuzhang. Harvested at any time.
Notes: It is no longer used in medical prescriptions, nor sold in markets. It is occasionally required in the "Thirty-Six Waters" formula of the Immortal Scriptures. The method for making copper swords is detailed in Jiuyuan...