味辛，温，有毒。主治腹中大坚症，破积聚，息肉，恶疮，白秃。治寒热痞结，胁下满。
一名百足，一名马轴。生玄菟川谷。
李云此虫形长五六寸，状如大蛩，夏月登树鸣，冬则蛰，今人呼为飞 虫也，恐不必是
马陆尔。今有一细黄虫，状如蜈蚣而甚长，俗名土虫，鸡食之醉闷亦至死。书云百足之虫，
至死不僵。此虫足甚多，寸寸断便寸行，或欲相似，方家既不复用，市人亦无取者，未详何
者的是。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五三页）
味辛，平，无毒。主治久聋，咳逆，毒瓦斯，出刺，出汗。治鼻窒。其土房主痈肿，风头。
一名土蜂，生熊耳川谷及 ，或人屋间。
此类甚多，虽名土蜂，不就土中为窟，谓KT 土作房尔。今一种黑色，腰甚细，衔泥
于人室及器物边作房，如并竹管者是也。其生子如粟米大居中，乃捕取草上青蜘蛛十余枚满
中，仍塞口，以拟其子大为粮也。其一种入芦竹管中者，亦取草上青虫，一名蜾蠃。诗人云∶
“螟蛉有子，蜾蠃负之。”言细腰物无雌，皆取青虫，教祝便变成己子，斯为谬矣。造诗者
乃
可不详，未审夫子何为因其僻邪。圣人有阙，多皆类也。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四四
六页
味甘，平，无毒。主治小儿惊痫，寒热，结气，蛊毒，鬼疰。一名躁舍。生汉中，采蒸
之，生树枝间， 房也。八月取。
，蚝虫也。此虫多在石榴树上，世呼为蚝虫，其背毛亦螫人。生卵，形如鸡子，大
如巴豆，今方家亦不用此。蚝，一作 尔。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五○页）
【马陆】
味辛，性温，有毒。主治腹部大块的坚硬积块，破除积聚的肿块、息肉以及恶疮、白秃（头部生癣）。治疗寒热交替、痞气结聚、胁下胀满。
又名百足，又名马轴。产于玄菟郡的山谷中。
李云说这种虫子身体长五六寸，形状像大的蟋蟀，夏天爬树鸣叫，冬天蛰伏，现在的人叫它飞虫，恐怕不一定就是马陆吧。现在有一种细黄色的虫子，形状像蜈蚣但更长，俗名叫土虫，鸡吃了它会醉倒甚至死亡。书上说“百足的虫子，死也不会僵硬”。这种虫子脚非常多，一寸一寸断开后还能一寸一寸地爬行，或者看起来相似，医家既然不再使用，市人也无人采用，不清楚究竟哪一种才是正确的。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五三页）
【雀瓮】
味辛，性平，无毒。主治久聋、咳嗽气逆、毒瓦斯、刺伤、出汗。治疗鼻窒不通。其土房主治痈肿、头风。
又名土蜂，产于熊耳山山谷及某地，或存在于人的房屋间。
这类虫子很多，虽然名叫土蜂，但并不在土中挖洞做巢，而是用泥土建造房子。现在有一种黑色的，腰部很细，衔泥在人的居室及器物旁边筑巢，像并排的竹管那样的是这种。它们在中间产卵如粟米大小，然后捕捉十多个草上的青蜘蛛填满巢穴，再塞住口，用来作为幼虫长大的粮食。其中一种进入芦苇竹管中的，也是捕捉草上的青虫，名叫蜾蠃。诗人说：“螟蛉有子，蜾蠃负之。”意思是说细腰的虫子没有雌性，都捕捉青虫，通过教祝使其变成自己的幼虫，这是错误的。作诗的人竟然不详细考察，不知道圣人为什么沿袭这种偏邪的说法。圣人有遗漏，大多类似这种情况。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四四六页）
【蚝虫】
味甘，性平，无毒。主治小儿惊痫、寒热、结气、蛊毒、鬼疰。又名躁舍。产于汉中，采集后蒸制，生于树枝间，是它的巢房。八月采收。
这是蚝虫。这种虫子多在石榴树上，世人叫它蚝虫，它背上的毛也会刺伤人。它产卵，形状像鸡蛋，大小如巴豆，现在的医家也不使用这种。蚝，一作某某字。（《大观》卷二十二，《政和》四五○页）
[Ma Lu]
Taste: Acrid (Xin). Nature: Warm. Toxicity: Toxic.
Indications: Mainly treats large, hard accumulations in the abdomen; breaks up accumulations, polyps, malignant sores, and white tinea capitis (Bai Tu). Treats alternating chills and fever, Qi stagnation with knotting, and fullness under the hypochondrium.
Also known as Bai Zu (Hundred Feet), also known as Ma Zhou. Grows in the valleys of Xuan Tu Commandery.
Li Yun states that this insect is five or six inches long, resembling a large cricket; it climbs trees to sing in summer and hibernates in winter. People today call it Fei Chong (Flying Insect), but it is likely not Ma Lu. Currently, there is a slender yellow insect resembling a centipede but longer, commonly called Tu Chong (Earthworm/Soil Insect); chickens become intoxicated or even die after eating it. The book says, "The insect with a hundred feet does not stiffen upon death." This insect has many legs; if broken inch by inch, each segment can crawl inch by inch, appearing similar. Since medical practitioners no longer use it and merchants do not value it, it is unclear which one is indeed correct. (Da Guan Vol. 22, Zheng He p. 453)
[Que Weng]
Taste: Acrid (Xin). Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Mainly treats chronic deafness, cough with rebellious Qi, toxic vapors, thorns/stings, and sweating. Treats nasal obstruction (Bi Zhi). Its earthen nest mainly treats carbuncles and head wind (Feng Tou).
Also known as Tu Feng (Earth Bee). Grows in the valleys of Xiong Er Mountain and [missing character], or between human houses.
There are many such insects. Although named Tu Feng, they do not dig holes in the earth for nests but rather build houses using mud. Currently, there is a black variety with a very thin waist, carrying mud to build nests near human rooms and objects, resembling parallel bamboo tubes. They lay eggs like millet grains in the center, then capture more than ten green spiders from grass to fill the nest, sealing the opening to serve as food for their offspring. Another variety enters reed bamboo tubes, also capturing green insects from grass, known as Guo Luo. Poets say, "Ming Ling has offspring, Guo Luo carries them." This implies that the thin-waisted insect has no females and captures green insects, instructing/blessing them to transform into its own offspring, which is erroneous. The poet failed to investigate in detail, not knowing why the Sage followed such biased and incorrect beliefs. Sages have omissions, and most cases are similar. (Da Guan Vol. 22, Zheng He p. 446)
[Hao Chong]
Taste: Sweet (Gan). Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic.
Indications: Mainly treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy, alternating chills and fever, Qi stagnation, Gu poison, and Gui Zhu (ghostly transmission diseases). Also known as Zao She. Grows in Hanzhong; collected and steamed. It lives on tree branches, forming its nest. Collected in August.
This is Hao Chong. This insect is mostly found on pomegranate trees, called Hao Chong by the world, and its back hairs can sting humans. It lays eggs shaped like chicken eggs, as large as Croton seeds (Ba Dou). Current medical practitioners do not use this. Hao, alternatively written as [character]. (Da Guan Vol. 22, Zheng He p. 450)