味辛、酸，气寒。无毒。系柳絮随风飞起，入池沼得水生成。小者藻背面俱青，大者
萍面青背紫。下无根蒂，水面漂浮。入药拯 ，惟萍可用。七月半采，依法曝之。竹筛摊开
，水盆架住。曝向烈日，才得燥干。（盆无水则不燥。）研末细罗。蜜丸弹大。豆淋酒化，空
心顿吞。发汗骤来，驱风速退。仍治时行热病，堪浴遍身痒疮。（生采煎汤。）消水肿，利小
便，去暴燥，止消渴。夏夜蚊多，烧烟可除。
（谟）按∶《普济》大风丹云∶东京开河，掘得石碑，梵书天篆，无有晓者。林灵素逐
字释解
，乃是治中风方。歌曰∶天生灵草无根干，不在山间不在岸。始因飞絮逐东风，泛梗青青漂
水面。神仙一味去沉 ，采时须是七月半。怕甚瘫风与中风，酒下三丸都汗散。
\r大戟\pj260a.bmp\r
味辛、甘，气大寒。阴中微阳。有小毒。种甚猥贱，处处有生。春发红芽，日渐丛长
。凡资入药，惟采正根。傍附误煎，冷泻难禁。恶薯蓣，使赤豆。反甘草、海藻、芫花，畏
菖蒲、芦根、鼠屎。每与甘遂，同利小便。消水肿腹满急疼，除中风皮肤燥痛。驱蛊毒，破
症坚。通月信堕胎，散颈 逐瘀。苗名泽漆，味苦兼辛。退邪热皮肤，却浮肿面目。
大腹
水气立遣，阴气不足堪扶。
【水萍】
味辛、酸，气寒。无毒。它是柳絮随风飞起，落入池沼后得水气而生成。小的藻类背面都是青色，大的浮萍正面青、背面紫。它下面没有根蒂，漂浮在水面上。入药用于救治中风（中风口眼歪斜），只有浮萍可以使用。七月半采集，依法晒干。铺在竹筛上，用水盆架住。对着烈日曝晒，才能干燥。（如果盆中没有水则无法干燥。）研成细末过筛。用蜜制成如弹子大小的丸剂。用豆淋酒送服，空腹时一次性吞下。能迅速发汗，驱散风邪使症状快速消退。仍然治疗时行热病，可用于洗浴遍身瘙痒的疮疡。（生采煎汤外洗。）消除水肿，通利小便，去除暴燥，止消渴。夏夜蚊虫多，燃烧其烟可驱除。
（陈嘉谟）按语：《普济方》大风丹条记载：东京开挖河道时，掘得一块石碑，上面有梵文天篆，无人能懂。林灵素逐字解释，原来是治疗中风（卒中）的方子。歌诀说：天生灵草无根干，不在山间不在岸。始因飞絮逐东风，泛梗青青漂水面。神仙一味去沉疴，采时须是七月半。怕甚瘫风与中风，酒下三丸都汗散。
【大戟】
味辛、甘，气大寒。阴中微阳。有小毒。种植非常低贱，处处都有生长。春天发红芽，日渐丛生变长。凡是用来入药，只采集正根。旁边附生的部分误入煎煮，会导致难以忍受的冷泻。恶薯蓣，使赤豆。反甘草、海藻、芫花，畏菖蒲、芦根、鼠屎。常与甘遂同用，共同通利小便。消除水肿、腹部胀满急痛，去除中风引起的皮肤燥痛。驱除蛊毒，破除症坚（腹内结块）。通月经、堕胎，消散颈部瘿瘤、驱逐瘀血。苗名为泽漆，味苦兼辛。退邪热于皮肤，消除面目浮肿。大腹水气立遣，阴气不足堪扶。
[Water Fern / Duckweed] (Spirodela polyrhiza)
Taste: Acrid, Sour. Nature: Cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It originates from willow catkins flying with the wind, entering ponds and marshes, and generating life through water absorption. The smaller varieties have green surfaces and backs; the larger ones have green surfaces and purple backs. They lack roots below and float on the water surface. For medicinal use in treating Wind-Stroke (Zhong Feng, stroke characterized by facial paralysis), only duckweed is suitable. Harvested around the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, it is dried according to standard procedures. Spread out on a bamboo sieve supported by a water basin. Exposed to intense sunlight until completely dry. (If the basin lacks water, drying will not occur.) Pulverized into fine powder and sifted. Formed into pills the size of bean shots using honey. Administered with Doulin wine (wine poured over roasted soybeans), swallowed at once on an empty stomach. It induces rapid sweating and quickly dispels Wind pathogens. It also treats epidemic febrile diseases and can be used for bathing to relieve generalized pruritic sores. (Freshly harvested, decocted for external wash.) It reduces edema, promotes urination, eliminates acute dryness, and stops thirst. When mosquitoes are abundant on summer nights, burning its smoke can repel them.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: The *Puji Fang* (General Holy Prescriptions) entry for Dafeng Dan states: During the excavation of rivers in Tokyo (Bianjing), a stone stele was unearthed bearing Sanskrit celestial script, which no one could decipher. Lin Lingsu interpreted it character by character, revealing it to be a prescription for treating Wind-Stroke. The verse reads: "Heaven-born spiritual herb, rootless and stemless, neither in mountains nor on shores. Initially driven by east winds like flying catkins, floating green stems drift on the water surface. One divine ingredient removes deep ailments, harvest must be on the fifteenth of the seventh month. Fear not flaccid paralysis or stroke, three pills taken with wine induce profuse sweating."
[Euphorbia pekinensis / Chinese Spurge Root] (Da Ji)
Taste: Acrid, Sweet. Nature: Greatly Cold. Yin within slightly Yang. Toxicity: Slightly toxic. It is cheaply cultivated and grows everywhere. Red shoots emerge in spring, growing densely day by day. For medicinal use, only the main root is harvested. Side roots mistakenly included in decoctions cause unbearable cold diarrhea. It is incompatible with Dioscorea hypoglauca (Shuyu), compatible with Vigna angularis (Chidou). It is antagonistic to Glycyrrhiza uralensis (Gancao), Sargassum fusiforme (Haizao), and Genkwa flos (Yuanhua); it fears Acorus tatarinowii (Changpu), Phragmites communis rhizome (Lugen), and Rattus rattus feces (Shushi). Often used together with Kansui Radix (Gansui) to promote urination. It reduces edema, abdominal distension, and acute pain; eliminates skin dryness and pain caused by Wind-Stroke. It expels Gu toxicity, breaks up hard masses (Zhengjian). It regulates menstruation, induces abortion, dissipates neck goiters, and drives out blood stasis. The young plant is named Zeqi, with a bitter and acrid taste. It clears pathogenic heat from the skin and resolves edema of the face and eyes. It rapidly dispels abdominal water qi and supports deficient Yin qi.