\r赤芝\pj37.bmp\r
\r玄芝\pj38.bmp\r
\r紫芝\pj39.bmp\r
色分六品，味应五行。气禀俱平，服饵无毒。青芝如翠羽（一名龙芝。）应木味酸，
产泰山专补肝气。兴仁恕
强志，明眼目安魂。赤芝如珊瑚（一名珊芝。）应火味苦，产衡山善养心神。增智慧不
忘，开胸膈除结。白芝
截肪可比，（一名玉芝。）味辛应金。华山生，益肺定魄，止咳逆，润皮毛。黑芝泽漆
堪伦，（一名玄芝。）味咸应水。
常山出，益肾驱癃，利二便，通九窍。黄芝与黄金类，（一名金芝。）嵩岳山多。
紫芝与紫衣同，（一名木
高夏山有。并味甘应土，咸逐邪益脾。坚骨健筋，悦颜驻色。六芝俱主祥瑞，夜视光
烧不焦，藏不朽。久服延
寿，常带辟兵。世所难求，医绝不用。但附其说，俾识其详。
\r衡州菊花\pj40.bmp\r
\r齐州菊花\pj41.bmp\r
味甘、微苦，气平、寒。属土与金，有水火，可升可降，阴中阳也。无毒。种类颜
色多品，应候黄小为良。（《月令》云∶菊有黄花是也。余色不入药。）山野间，味苦茎青、
名苦薏勿用；（苦薏花亦黄色，但气薄味苦，入药反损尔。）家园内味甘茎紫，谓甘菊堪收。
苦者胃气反伤，甘者阴血兼补。为使一味，宜桑白皮。驱头风止头痛晕眩，清头脑第一；养
眼血收眼泪翳膜，明眼目无双。共葛花煎汤，变老人皓白成乌；同地黄酿酒，解醉汉昏迷易
醒。散湿痹去皮肤死肌，安肠胃除胸膈烦热。利一身血气，逐四肢游风。腰痛陶陶，亦堪主
治。久服弗已，轻身延年。捣根叶取汁顿尝，（夏秋采叶，冬春采根。）救疔肿垂死即
活。
（谟）按∶《月令》于桃、于桐，但言花而不言色，独于菊曰黄花，取其得时之正，况
当其候
，田野山侧盛开，满眼皆黄花也。《月令》所取，不无意焉。入药用黄，盖本诸此。又考根
、苗、花、叶，亦可共剂成方。三月上寅日采苗，六月上寅日采叶，九月上寅日采花，十二
月上
寅日采根。并阴干百日，各等分称匀。择成日制之，捣千杵为末。用蜜炼熟，豆大丸成。酒
服七丸，一日三服。百日身轻润泽，一年发白变乌，二年齿落更生，三年貌如童子。至贱之
草，而有至大之功。特附其详，以为老者益寿之一助尔。
灵芝按颜色分为六种，味道对应五行。其药性平和，服用无毒。青芝像翠鸟的羽毛（又名龙芝），对应木行，味酸，产于泰山，善于补益肝气。能增强仁恕之心，坚定意志，明目安神。赤芝像珊瑚（又名珊芝），对应火行，味苦，产于衡山，善于滋养心神。能增加智慧且不忘事，舒展胸膈，消除郁结。白芝切面如截开的脂肪般洁白（又名玉芝），味辛，对应金行，产于华山，能补益肺气、安定魂魄，止咳逆，滋润皮毛。黑芝光泽如泽漆（又名玄芝），味咸，对应水行，产于常山，能补益肾气、驱除小便不利，通利二便，疏通九窍。黄芝形似黄金（又名金芝），嵩岳山多产。紫芝与紫色衣物颜色相同（又名木高夏山有，此处原文可能有误，通常指紫芝），味甘，对应土行，能驱逐邪气、补益脾脏。能坚固骨骼、强健筋骨，使容颜愉悦、驻留青春。六色灵芝都主祥瑞，夜间视物发光，火烧不焦，收藏不朽。长期服用可延年益寿，常带身边可辟兵灾。世间难以求得，医生极少使用。仅附述其说，以便让人了解详情。
味甘、微苦，药性平、寒。属土与金，兼具水火之性，药势可升可降，属于阴中之阳。无毒。种类和颜色众多，顺应时令、花朵小者为佳。（《礼记·月令》说：菊花开黄花是也。其他颜色的菊花不入药用。）山野间生长的，味苦茎青的，名为苦薏，不可使用；（苦薏的花也是黄色的，但气味淡薄、味道苦涩，入药反而有害。）家园内种植的，味甘茎紫的，称为甘菊，可以采收。苦味的会损伤胃气，甘味的兼补阴血。若作为使药一味使用，宜配伍桑白皮。能驱除头风，止头痛晕眩，为清头脑第一良药；能养眼血，收眼泪，去翳膜，为明眼目无双妙品。与葛花共煎汤服，能使老人白发变黑；同地黄酿酒，能解醉汉昏迷，使其易醒。能散湿痹，去除皮肤死肌，安肠胃，除胸膈烦热。通利一身气血，驱逐四肢游风。腰痛陶陶然不适者，也可主治。长期服用不停，可轻身延年。捣碎根叶取汁顿服，（夏秋采叶，冬春采根。）可救疗疮肿垂死之人立即复活。
（陈嘉谟）按语：《月令》对于桃树、桐树，只说花而不说颜色，唯独对菊花说“黄花”，是取其得时令之正，况且在应候之时，田野山侧盛开，满眼都是黄花。《月令》所选取的，并非没有深意。入药用黄色菊花，大概基于此理。又考证根、苗、花、叶，也可以共同制剂成方。三月上寅日采苗，六月上寅日采叶，九月上寅日采花，十二月上寅日采根。并阴干百日，各等分称量均匀。选择吉日制作，捣千杵为末。用炼熟的蜂蜜，制成如豆大的丸剂。酒送服七丸，一日三次。百日身体轻盈润泽，一年白发变黑，二年掉落的牙齿重新生长，三年容貌如童子。这是最贱的草，却有极大的功效。特附述其详情，作为老年人益寿的辅助之一。
Chi Zhi (Red Ganoderma), Xuan Zhi (Black Ganoderma), Zi Zhi (Purple Ganoderma)
Ganoderma is categorized into six types by color, and its flavors correspond to the Five Elements (Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water). Its qi is uniformly balanced, and it is non-toxic when ingested. Qing Zhi (Green Ganoderma), resembling the feathers of a kingfisher (also known as Long Zhi / Dragon Ganoderma), corresponds to Wood and has a sour flavor. It is produced in Mount Tai and is excellent for tonifying Liver Qi. It enhances benevolence and forgiveness, strengthens willpower, clarifies vision, and calms the soul. Chi Zhi (Red Ganoderma), resembling coral (also known as Shan Zhi / Coral Ganoderma), corresponds to Fire and has a bitter flavor. It is produced in Mount Heng and is excellent for nourishing the Heart and Spirit. It increases wisdom and prevents forgetfulness, opens the chest and diaphragm, and resolves stagnation. Bai Zhi (White Ganoderma), comparable to cut fat in whiteness (also known as Yu Zhi / Jade Ganoderma), has a pungent flavor corresponding to Metal. It grows on Mount Hua, benefits Lung Qi, stabilizes the Po (Corporeal Soul), stops cough and rebellious Qi, and moistens the skin and hair. Hei Zhi (Black Ganoderma), lustrous like Ze Qi (a plant or mineral substance, also known as Xuan Zhi / Black Ganoderma), has a salty flavor corresponding to Water. It is produced in Changshan, benefits Kidney Qi, treats strangury (difficulty in urination), promotes the free flow of urine and defecation, and unblocks the nine orifices. Huang Zhi (Yellow Ganoderma) resembles gold (also known as Jin Zhi / Golden Ganoderma); it is abundant in Mount Song. Zi Zhi (Purple Ganoderma) shares the color with purple garments (also known as Mu Gao Xia Shan You, likely a textual variant referring to its habitat or name); it has a sweet flavor corresponding to Earth. It expels pathogenic factors and benefits the Spleen. It strengthens bones and tendons, rejuvenates the complexion, and preserves youth. All six types of Zhi are omens of auspiciousness; they glow at night, do not burn when exposed to fire, and do not decay when stored. Long-term consumption extends lifespan, and carrying them wards off weapons. They are difficult to obtain in the world and rarely used by physicians. This description is attached merely to inform readers of the details.
Hengzhou Chrysanthemum, Qizhou Chrysanthemum
The flavor is sweet and slightly bitter; the nature is neutral and cold. It belongs to Earth and Metal, possesses both Water and Fire properties, and its therapeutic action can ascend and descend; it is Yang within Yin. It is non-toxic. There are many varieties and colors; those that conform to the seasonal timing and have small flowers are considered superior. (According to *Yueling* [Monthly Ordinances]: "Chrysanthemums have yellow flowers." Other colors are not used in medicine.) Those growing in wild mountains and fields, which are bitter in taste and have green stems, are named Ku Yi (Bitter Mugwort-like herb) and should not be used; (Ku Yi flowers are also yellow, but their qi is thin and taste bitter, so using them in medicine causes harm instead.) Those cultivated in gardens, which are sweet in taste and have purple stems, are called Gan Ju (Sweet Chrysanthemum) and can be harvested. The bitter variety damages Stomach Qi, while the sweet variety supplements Yin Blood. If used as a guiding herb alone, it should be combined with Sang Bai Pi (Cortex Mori). It dispels Wind in the head, stops headache and dizziness, and is the premier herb for clearing the head; it nourishes blood in the eyes, reduces tearing, and removes corneal opacity, being unparalleled for improving vision. Decocted together with Ge Hua (Flos Puerariae), it can turn an elderly person's white hair black; fermented with Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), it resolves drunken stupor and facilitates awakening. It disperses damp Bi syndrome, removes dead skin tissue, calms the intestines and stomach, and clears heat from the chest and diaphragm. It benefits the Qi and Blood of the whole body and expels wandering Wind from the four limbs. It can also treat lingering lower back pain. Long-term continuous use lightens the body and prolongs life. Crushing the roots and leaves to extract juice and taking it in one dose (harvest leaves in summer and autumn, roots in winter and spring) can save patients suffering from severe carbuncles and swellings who are near death.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: In *Yueling*, regarding peach and paulownia trees, only the flower is mentioned without specifying color, but for chrysanthemum, it specifically says "yellow flower," emphasizing its alignment with the correct seasonal timing. Moreover, during the appropriate season, they bloom profusely in fields and hillsides, filling the eyes with yellow flowers. The selection in *Yueling* is not without significance. The use of yellow chrysanthemum in medicine is based on this. Furthermore, research shows that the root, sprout, flower, and leaf can be combined in prescriptions. Harvest the sprouts on the Yin day of the first lunar month, leaves on the Yin day of the sixth month, flowers on the Yin day of the ninth month, and roots on the Yin day of the twelfth month. Dry them in the shade for one hundred days, weigh equal parts, and prepare them on an auspicious day. Pound them a thousand times into powder. Use refined honey to form pills the size of beans. Take seven pills with wine, three times a day. After one hundred days, the body becomes light and moist; after one year, white hair turns black; after two years, lost teeth regenerate; after three years, the appearance resembles that of a child. This is the most humble herb, yet it possesses great efficacy. I attach these details here to assist the elderly in extending their lives.