\r肉豆蔻\pj115.bmp\r
味苦、辛，气温。无毒。胡国多生，岭南亦产。一名肉果，形类弹丸。油色肥实佳
，面包煨熟用。所入经络，惟手阳明。疗心腹胀疼，卒成霍乱者可止；理脾胃虚冷，不消宿
食者能温。男妇伤暑血痢有功，小儿伤乳吐泻立效。痢疾助之白粥饮，吐泻佐以生姜汤。
\r白豆蔻\pj116.bmp\r
味辛，气大温。味薄气浓，阳也。无毒。原出外番，今生两广。苗类芭蕉最长，叶
如杜若不凋。开花浅黄，结子作朵。生青熟白，七月采收。入手太阴肺经，别有清高之气。
散胸中冷滞，益膈上元阳。温脾土却疼，退目云去障。止翻胃呕，消积食膨。
\r草豆蔻\pj117.bmp\r
味辛，气温。阳也。无毒。交趾（国名）多生，岭南亦有。苗类杜若梗，根似高良姜
。花作穗，嫩叶卷之而生，叶渐舒，花渐出，如芙蓉淡红；实结苞，至秋成壳而熟，秋方老
，壳方黄，似龙眼微锐。外皮有棱，（如栀子棱。）无鳞甲；中子连缀，（赤似白豆蔻多粒。）
甚辛香。应时采收，曝干收贮。入剂剥壳取子，行经惟胃与脾。去膈下寒，止霍乱吐逆；驱
脐上痛，逐客忤邪伤。酒毒万消，口臭即解。
（谟）按∶草豆蔻用治中脘冷疼，鲜有得其真者，市家多以草仁假代，安获奇功？考究
《图经
》，着明形色俾后医士过目即知。匪但可取效病患，抑亦不受欺于卖者也。
肉豆蔻
味道苦、辛，药性温。无毒。胡地国家多生长，岭南地区也有出产。又名肉果，形状像弹丸一样。油脂丰富、质地肥实者为佳，需用面包包裹后煨熟使用。它归入的经络，只有手阳明大肠经。治疗心腹部的胀满疼痛，突然发作的霍乱可以止住；调理脾胃虚寒，不能消化隔夜食物的情况能够温煦。男女伤暑导致的血痢有功效，小儿伤乳引起的呕吐腹泻立竿见影。治疗痢疾时配合白粥饮用，治疗呕吐腹泻时佐以生姜汤。
白豆蔻
味道辛，药性大温。气味淡薄而气浓烈，属于阳。无毒。原产于外国，现在两广地区也有种植。植株类似芭蕉，长得最高，叶子像杜若一样不凋谢。开出浅黄色的花，结出的果实成串。生时青色，成熟时白色，七月采收。归入手太阴肺经，具有清高之气。能疏散胸中的冷滞，补益膈上的元阳。温暖脾土以消除疼痛，去除眼部的云翳和障膜。停止反胃呕吐，消除积食引起的腹胀。
草豆蔻
味道辛，药性温。属于阳。无毒。交趾（古国名）多生长，岭南地区也有。植株类似杜若的茎，根部像高良姜。花朵成穗状，嫩叶卷曲而生，叶片逐渐舒展，花朵逐渐长出，像芙蓉花一样淡红色；果实结成苞状，到秋天外壳变黄成熟，秋季才老熟，外壳才发黄，形状像龙眼但稍尖。外皮有棱（像栀子的棱），没有鳞片或甲壳；中间的种子连缀在一起（颜色赤红，似多粒白豆蔻）。气味非常辛香。按时采收，晒干后储存。入药方时需剥壳取用种子，其行经路线只在胃与脾。能去除膈下的寒气，止住霍乱引起的呕吐逆气；驱除脐上的疼痛，驱逐客忤邪气造成的伤害。酒毒万般消散，口臭即刻解除。
（陈嘉谟）按语：草豆蔻用于治疗中脘部位的冷痛，很少有人得其真效，市场上的人常以草仁假冒替代，怎么能获得奇效呢？考究《图经》，明确记载其形状颜色，使后来的医生过目即知。这不仅可以让病患取得疗效，也能让医者不被卖家欺骗。
Nutmeg (Myristicae Semen)
Taste: Bitter, Pungent. Nature: Warm. Non-toxic. Grows abundantly in Hu regions (foreign lands), also produced in Lingnan. Also known as Rouguo (Flesh Fruit), shaped like a musket ball. Those with abundant oil and plump flesh are of good quality; they should be wrapped in bread and roasted before use. Its meridian tropism is limited to the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. It treats distension and pain in the heart and abdomen, and can stop sudden onset of Huoluan (Cholera-like disease); it warms Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold, aiding digestion of retained food. It is effective for blood dysentery caused by summerheat injury in men and women, and produces immediate results for vomiting and diarrhea due to milk injury in infants. For dysentery, take with white rice gruel; for vomiting and diarrhea, take with ginger decoction.
Cardamom (Alpiniae Katsumadai Semen / White Cardamom)
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Greatly Warm. Taste is light, Qi is dense, belonging to Yang. Non-toxic. Originally from foreign countries, now cultivated in Liangguang. The plant resembles the banana tree and grows tallest; leaves resemble Duruo (Asarum) and do not fall off. Flowers are pale yellow, fruits grow in clusters. Green when raw, white when ripe, harvested in the seventh lunar month. Enters the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, possessing a pure and lofty Qi. It disperses cold stagnation in the chest, benefits the primal Yang above the diaphragm. Warms the Spleen Earth to relieve pain, removes eye nebula and cataracts. Stops regurgitation and vomiting, eliminates bloating from accumulated food.
Grass Cardamom (Kaempferiae Galangal Rhizome / Aromatic Tuberous Ginger)
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Belonging to Yang. Non-toxic. Grows abundantly in Jiaozhi (an ancient country name), also found in Lingnan. The stem resembles Duruo, the root resembles Gaoliangjiang (Galangal). Flowers form spikes; tender leaves roll up as they grow, leaves gradually unfurl, flowers emerge gradually, resembling pale red Hibiscus flowers; fruits form buds, hardening into shells and ripening in autumn. Only in autumn does it become old, and only then do the shells turn yellow, resembling Longyan (Longan) but slightly sharper. The outer skin has ridges (like Gardenia), without scales or armor; inner seeds are connected (reddish, resembling multiple grains of White Cardamom). Very pungent and fragrant. Harvest according to season, sun-dry and store. In prescriptions, peel the shell and use the seed. Its meridian tropism is only the Stomach and Spleen. Removes cold below the diaphragm, stops vomiting and regurgitation from Huoluan; drives away pain above the navel, expels evil influences from Ke Wu (sudden fright/evil spirits). Dissolves all alcohol toxins, immediately resolves bad breath.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: When treating cold pain in the Zhongwan (Middle Jiao) area with Cao Doukou, few truly understand its application. Market vendors often substitute it with inferior herbs, how can one expect miraculous effects? Consulting the *Tu Jing* (Illustrated Classic), which clearly describes its shape and color, allows subsequent physicians to recognize it at a glance. This not only ensures efficacy for patients but also prevents physicians from being deceived by sellers.