\r阿魏\pj332.bmp\r
味辛,气微热。无毒。出波斯国中,生阿虞木内。其木长八九尺,皮色青黄;四季花
实俱无,叶如鼠耳。断其枝梗,汁滴如饴。久乃坚凝,遂名阿魏。《唐本》注云∶体性极臭
而能止臭,亦为奇物也。色黑者力微,黄散者为上。但今市家,多煎蒜白假充,不可不细辨
尔。凡使研作粉霜,热酒器上 过。置地待冷,入药随宜。去臭气杀诸小虫,下恶气破凡症
积。辟瘟禁疟,却鬼驱邪。蛊毒能消。传尸可灭。
\r芦荟\pj333.bmp\r
味苦,气寒。无毒。波斯国土所出,木滴脂泪结成。状类黑饧,俗呼象胆。(味苦故
云。)误服巴豆,毒能解除。杀虫去疳,镇心明目。治小儿癫痫惊搐,疗大人疮 痔疽。癣
发颈间,同甘草研匀敷效; 生齿缝,以盐汤漱净点差。
\r没药\pj334.bmp\r
大小不侔,断碎光莹可爱。擂细入药,制同乳香。主坠堕跌打损伤,疗痈疽疮 溃腐。破血
立效,止痛如神。
\r木鳖子\pj335.bmp\r
味甘,气温。无毒。朗州(属湖南)所生,藤茎甚大。黄花绿叶,子若栝蒌。生青熟
红,肉上有刺。其核类鳖,故此得名。消肿突恶疮,除 黯粉刺。两胯蚌毒立效,双乳痈赤
殊功。止腰疼,主折损。匪专追毒,亦可生肌。
(谟)按∶乌头毗穗,亦名木鳖子。两物一名,不可不识。但此专入外科,而有追毒之
效。彼
则徒载其名,全无治病之能。非比仙人杖三物同名,而各有用也。
阿魏
味辛,气微热。无毒。产于波斯国中,生长在阿虞木内部。这种树高约八九尺,树皮呈青黄色;四季都不开花结果,叶子形状像老鼠耳朵。折断它的枝条和梗,流出的汁液滴下时像糖浆一样。时间久了就会凝固变硬,因此得名阿魏。《唐本草》注释说:它的本性极臭,却能止臭,也是奇异之物。颜色黑的药效微弱,黄色的散状者为上品。只是现在市场上的商家,多用煎煮过的蒜白来假冒,不可不仔细辨别。凡是要使用阿魏研成粉霜的,需在热酒器上熏过。放在地上待冷却后,入药时根据情况随意使用。能去除臭气,杀灭各种小虫,下行恶气,破除各种症积。辟除瘟疫,禁止疟疾,驱鬼邪。蛊毒能消除。传尸劳病可消灭。
芦荟
味苦,气寒。无毒。产于波斯国土,由树木滴落的脂泪凝结而成。形状类似黑糖稀,俗称象胆。(因为味苦所以叫这个名字。)误服巴豆,能解除其毒性。杀虫去疳,镇心安神,明目。治疗小儿癫痫惊搐,治愈大人疮疡、痔疮、疽病。癣疾发于颈部,与甘草一起研匀敷用有效;生于齿缝间,用盐水汤漱口干净后点涂即可痊愈。
没药
大小不一,破碎处光亮晶莹可爱。研磨细后入药,炮制方法同乳香。主治坠马跌打损伤,治疗痈疽疮疡溃烂腐坏。破血效果立竿见影,止痛如神。
木鳖子
味甘,气温。无毒。产于朗州(属湖南),藤茎很大。开黄花长绿叶,果实像栝蒌。生时青色熟时红色,果肉上有刺。它的核形状像鳖,因此得名。消肿突恶疮,去除黯黑粉刺。两胯部的蚌毒立即见效,双侧乳房红肿痈肿殊有功效。止腰痛,主治折损。不仅专门追拔毒邪,也能促进肌肉生长。
(陈嘉谟)按语:乌头毗穗,也叫木鳖子。两种东西同名,不能不认识清楚。但这种(木鳖子)专门用于外科,有追拔毒邪的功效。彼(乌头毗穗)仅仅记载了名字,完全没有治病的能力。不像仙人杖三种东西同名,而各有用途。
Asafoetida (Awei)
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Slightly warm. Non-toxic. Originates from the interior of Persia, growing within the Aiyu tree. The tree is approximately eight to nine chi tall, with bark that is greenish-yellow; it bears no flowers or fruits throughout the four seasons, and its leaves resemble those of a mouse. When branches and stems are broken, the exuded juice drips like syrup. Over time, it hardens and solidifies, hence the name Asafoetida. The *Tang Bencao* annotation states: Its nature is extremely foul-smelling, yet it can stop foul odors, making it a wondrous substance. Those that are black in color have weak efficacy, while yellow, powdery forms are considered superior. However, merchants in the market today often use boiled garlic white bulbs to counterfeit it, so careful discrimination is necessary. When preparing for medicinal use, grind into powder and frost, steaming over a vessel heated with hot wine. Place on the ground to cool before incorporating into prescriptions as appropriate. It eliminates foul odors, kills various small insects, descends malignant qi, and breaks up various accumulations and masses. It wards off pestilence, prevents malaria, dispels ghosts and evil influences, dissolves gu poison, and eradicates consumption tuberculosis.
Aloe (Luhui)
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Cold. Non-toxic. Originates from the land of Persia, formed by the condensation of resinous tears dripping from trees. Its appearance resembles dark molasses, commonly known as "Elephant Gall" (Xiangdan). (It is called this because of its bitter taste.) It can detoxify if Croton seed (Badou) is accidentally ingested. It kills parasites, removes childhood malnutrition due to parasites (Gan syndrome), calms the heart spirit, and brightens the eyes. It treats epilepsy and convulsions in children, and sores, hemorrhoids, and carbuncles in adults. For tinea developing on the neck, grinding it evenly with Licorice root (Gancao) and applying externally is effective; for lesions between teeth, rinsing thoroughly with salt water solution and applying topically leads to recovery.
Myrrh (Moyao)
Varies in size, broken pieces are smooth, glossy, and lovely. Grind finely for medicinal use; processing methods are the same as for Frankincense (Ruxiang). It primarily treats injuries from falls and bruises, and manages suppurative sores, ulcers, and necrotic tissue. It invigorates blood circulation with immediate effect and relieves pain miraculously.
Momordica charantia Seed (Mubiezi)
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Warm. Non-toxic. Grows in Langzhou (belonging to Hunan), where vines and stems are very large. It bears yellow flowers and green leaves; the fruit resembles Trichosanthes fruit (Gualou). It is green when raw and red when ripe, with spines on the flesh. Its kernel resembles a turtle, hence the name. It reduces swelling and treats malignant sores, removing dark acne and comedones. It is immediately effective for "clam poison" (hard swellings) in both groins and highly efficacious for bilateral breast carbuncles with redness. It stops lower back pain and treats fractures and sprains. It not only specializes in drawing out toxins but also promotes tissue regeneration.
(Chen Jiamo) Note: *Aconitum* lateral roots (Wutou bisui) are also called Mubiezi. Two substances share the same name and must be distinguished. This one (the true Mubiezi) is specifically used in external medicine and has the effect of drawing out toxins. That one (*Aconitum*) merely carries the name and lacks any therapeutic ability. Unlike the three substances sharing the name "Immortal's Cane" (Xianrenzhang), which each have their own uses.