\r信州马兜铃\pj103.bmp\r
\r滁州马兜铃\pj104.bmp\r
味苦，气寒。阴中之阳。无毒。山谷俱有，野 尤多。藤蔓绕树而生，结实如铃
五瓣。去革膜取向里扁子，入药剂微炒燥为良。烧烟熏痔 症疮，煎汤劫痰结喘促。去肺热
止咳，清肺气补虚。根名青木香，亦为散气药。
\r滁州青木香\pj105.bmp\r
\r广州木香\pj106.bmp\r
味甘、苦，气温。味浓于气，降也，阴中阳也。无毒出自外番，来从闽广。形如枯
骨，苦口粘牙。凡欲用之，勿见火日。合丸散日际熏干，煎热汤临服投末。气劣气不足能补
，气胀气窒塞能通。和胃气如神，行肝气最捷。散滞气于肺上膈，破结气于中下焦。驱九
种心疼，逐积年冷气。药之佐使，亦各不同。破气使槟榔，和胃佐姜橘。止霍乱吐泻，呕逆
翻胃；除痞癖症块，脐腹胀疼。安胎健脾，诛痈散毒。和黄连治暴痢，用火煨实大肠。辟瘟
疫邪，御雾露瘴。易老云∶总调诸气之剂，不宜久服之。
（谟）按∶王海藏谓《本经》云∶主气劣气不足。《药性论》谓∶安胎健脾，是皆补也。
《衍
义》谓∶泻胸腹窒塞，积年冷气。《日华子》谓∶除痞癖症块，是皆破也。易老总谓调气之
剂，不言补，不言破，诸说不同何也？恐与补药为佐则补，与泻药为佐则泻，故云然也。
味苦，气寒。属于阴中之阳。无毒。山谷中都有生长，野外尤其多。藤蔓缠绕树木而生，结出的果实像铃铛一样有五个瓣。去掉革质膜，取里面扁平的种子，入药剂时微炒至干燥为好。烧烟熏治痔疮疮疡，煎汤可强力祛除痰结引起的喘促。能清除肺热止咳，清肺气并补虚损。其根名为青木香，也是行气药。
滁州青木香
广州木香
味甘、苦，气温。气味浓郁重于气，性质沉降，属于阴中之阳。无毒。产自外国，从福建、广东运来。形状像枯骨，味道苦且粘牙。凡是想要使用它，不要见火或日晒。制作丸散时要在日光下晒干，煎煮时用热汤冲服粉末。气弱气虚不能补益，气胀气塞能够疏通。调和胃气神奇，疏理肝气最快。疏散肺上膈部的滞气，破除中下焦的结气。驱除九种心痛，驱逐积年的冷气。作为药物的佐使药，作用各不相同。配合槟榔以破气，配合姜橘以和胃。止霍乱吐泻，呕逆翻胃；消除痞块症瘕，脐腹胀痛。安胎健脾，消除痈肿散发毒邪。配合黄连治疗急性痢疾，用火煨制以固涩大肠。辟除瘟疫邪气，抵御雾露瘴气。易老说：这是总调诸气的药剂，不宜久服。
（陈嘉谟）按语：王海藏称《本经》说：主治气弱气不足。《药性论》说：安胎健脾，这都是补益的作用。《衍义》说：泻胸腹窒塞，积年冷气。《日华子》说：消除痞块症瘕，这都是破泄的作用。易老总认为这是调气的药剂，不说补，也不说破，各种说法不同，为什么呢？恐怕是与补药配合则为补，与泻药配合则为泻，所以这样说。
Xinzhou Aristolochia Manshuriensis (Madouling)
Chuzhou Aristolochia Manshuriensis (Madouling)
Taste: bitter. Nature: cold. Category: Yang within Yin. Non-toxic. Grows in valleys and mountains, especially abundant in the wild. Vines climb trees to grow; fruits resemble bells with five lobes. Remove the membranous pericarp and take the flat seeds inside. For medicinal use, stir-fry lightly until dry for best results. Burn the smoke to fumigate hemorrhoids and sores; decoct in water to forcefully resolve phlegm accumulation causing wheezing and shortness of breath. Clears lung heat to stop cough, clears lung qi and tonifies deficiency. The root is named Qingmuxiang (Aristolochia Root), which is also a qi-regulating herb.
Chuzhou Qingmuxiang (Aristolochia Root)
Guangzhou Costus Root (Muxiang)
Taste: sweet, bitter. Nature: warm. Taste is denser than aroma; nature is descending, belonging to Yang within Yin. Non-toxic. Originates from foreign lands, arriving via Fujian and Guangdong. Shape resembles dried bones; taste is bitter and sticky to teeth. When using it, avoid fire or direct sunlight. When preparing pills and powders, dry them under the sun; when decocting, add the powder to hot soup just before taking. It cannot tonify weak or deficient qi, but can unblock distension and obstruction of qi. Miraculously harmonizes stomach qi; most swiftly moves liver qi. Scatters stagnant qi in the upper chest and diaphragm; breaks accumulated qi in the middle and lower jiao. Drives out nine types of heart pain; expels chronic cold qi. As an assistant or guide drug, its functions vary. Combined with Areca Seed (Binglang) to break qi; combined with Ginger and Tangerine Peel (Jiangju) to harmonize the stomach. Stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, regurgitation and reverse flow; eliminates masses and lumps, abdominal distension and pain. Calms the fetus and strengthens the spleen; eliminates carbuncles and disperses toxins. Combined with Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) to treat acute dysentery; fire-roasted to consolidate the large intestine. Expels epidemic pestilence pathogens; guards against miasma from fog and dew. Yi Lao stated: This is a general formula for regulating all types of qi; it should not be taken for a long time.
(Chen Jiamo) Commentary: Wang Haizang cited *Shennong Bencao Jing* stating: "Mainly treats weak and insufficient qi." *Yaoxing Lun* states: "Calms the fetus and strengthens the spleen," both indicating tonification. *Yanyi* states: "Drains chest and abdominal obstruction and chronic cold qi." *Rihuaizi* states: "Eliminates masses and lumps," both indicating purgation/breaking. Yi Lao generally regarded it as a qi-regulating agent, neither specifying tonification nor breaking. Why do these theories differ? It is likely that when used as an assistant to tonifying drugs, it acts as a tonic; when used as an assistant to purgative drugs, it acts as a purgative. Hence this statement.