一名酸赭。
根味微苦酸。气微寒。气薄味浓。沉而降。阴也。入足厥阴少阴手足阳明经。专主下焦
血。治下部积热血痢。并肠风下血。女子月经不止。血崩。（古者断下多用之）产前后诸血
疾。小儿疳痢。止痔 脓血。补绝伤。主内漏。止血不足。（别录）治胆气不足。（东垣）同
樗皮。治赤白痢。得银花等分。佐以芍药甘草枳壳黄连乌梅。治血痢。如热在心经。下痢纯
鲜血。则加生犀角汁十五匙。神验。
附方 血痢不止。地榆晒研。每用二钱。掺在羊血上。炙熟食之。以捻头煎汤送下。久
病肠风。痛痒不止。地榆五钱。苍术一两。水煎。空心日一服。结阴下血。腹痛不已。地榆
四两。炙甘草三两。每服五钱。水一盏。入缩砂四七枚。煎一盏半。分二服。
〔论〕 地榆当七月而花实。乘金之收气以降。故其用在根。其根外黑内红。合于子之
紫黑色。盖本于至阴之肾。而布地道生育之化。宜于血痢崩漏之属热而虚者。为其微寒而带
补也。（故断下多用。而热痢不可骤用。）第其以纯阴对待积热。亦宜有以佐之。如血痢不止。
合于羊血。久病肠风。合于苍术。结阴下血。合于炙草缩砂。即三方推之。以尽其用可也。
缪氏云。凡虚寒作泄。白痢胃弱。及胎产泄泻。血崩。脾虚作泄。法并禁服。
〔修治〕 切之如绵者良。酒洗。治大小便血证。止血取上截切片炒用。其杪则能行血。
不可不知。
地榆，又名酸赭。
其根的味道微苦、微酸。气味微寒。气薄味浓，性质沉降，属阴。归入足厥阴肝经、足少阴肾经、手阳明大肠经和足阳明胃经。专门主治下焦的血证。治疗下部因积热引起的血痢，以及肠风下血。治疗女子月经淋漓不尽、血崩。（古代多用此药来止下焦出血）治疗产妇产前产后各种血证。治疗小儿疳积痢疾。止住痔疮流出的脓血。补益绝伤（严重的创伤或虚损）。主治内脏出血。止血效果不足时（需配合其他药物使用）。（出自《名医别录》）治疗胆气不足。（出自李东垣）与樗白皮同用，可治疗赤白痢疾。若与金银花等量配伍，并佐以芍药、甘草、枳壳、黄连、乌梅，可治疗血痢。如果热邪在心经，导致下痢纯鲜血，则加入十五匙生犀角汁，疗效神奇。
附方：
1. 血痢不止：将地榆晒干研粉，每次取二钱，撒在羊血上，烤熟后食用，并用捻头煎汤送服。
2. 久病肠风，疼痛瘙痒不止：用地榆五钱，苍术一两，水煎，空腹每日服用一次。
3. 结阴下血，腹痛不已：用地榆四两，炙甘草三两，每次服用五钱，加水一盏，放入缩砂仁四到七枚，煎至一盏半，分两次服用。
〔论述〕
地榆在七月开花结果，顺应秋季金气的收敛特性而下行，所以它的药效主要在根部。它的根外表黑内部红，符合冬季子时的紫黑色，根源在于至阴的肾脏，从而发挥地道生育的化育作用。因此，它适合用于属于热证兼有虚证的血痢、崩漏等情况，因为它的性味微寒且带有补益作用。（所以古代多用于止下焦出血，但热痢不可突然大量使用。）然而，它以纯阴之性对抗积热，也应当有所辅助。例如血痢不止，配合羊血；久病肠风，配合苍术；结阴下血，配合炙甘草和缩砂仁。从这三个方剂可以推知，灵活运用即可尽其功效。
缪氏说：凡是虚寒导致的泄泻、白痢伴胃弱，以及胎产期间的泄泻、血崩、脾虚导致的泄泻，都禁止服用。
〔炮制〕
切开后质地如绵软者为佳。用酒洗过，可治疗大小便出血证。若要利用其止血功效，取根部上段切片炒用；其根部梢端则能行血，这一点不可不知。
*Sanguisorbae Radix*, also known as *Suanzhe*.
The root tastes slightly bitter and sour. Its nature is slightly cold. Its qi is thin, and its flavor is strong; it sinks and descends, belonging to Yin. It enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian, Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian, and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. It specifically governs blood disorders in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner). It treats dysentery with accumulated heat in the lower body, as well as intestinal wind causing bleeding. It treats continuous menstruation in women and metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding) (It was frequently used in ancient times to stop lower jiao bleeding). It treats various blood disorders before and after childbirth. It treats pediatric gan malnutrition and dysentery. It stops pus and blood from hemorrhoids. It supplements severe injuries (trauma or deficiency). It governs internal leakage (internal bleeding). When hemostatic efficacy is insufficient (it should be combined with other herbs) (From *Mingyi Bielu*). It treats insufficiency of Gallbladder Qi (From Li Dongyuan). Combined with *Cortex Broussonetiae Papyriferae* (Chupi), it treats red and white dysentery. If combined with equal parts of *Flos Lonicerae Japonicae* (Jinyinhua), assisted by *Radix Paeoniae Alba* (Shaoyao), *Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata* (Gancao), *Fructus Aurantii* (Zhike), *Rhizoma Coptidis* (Huanglian), and *Fructus Mume* (Wumei), it treats bloody dysentery. If heat resides in the Heart Meridian, resulting in pure fresh blood in the stool, add fifteen spoons of juice from *Cornu Rhinocerotis* (Xijiao); this is miraculous.
Attached Formulas:
1. Bloody dysentery that does not stop: Dry *Sanguisorbae Radix*, grind into powder. Use two qian each time, sprinkle onto sheep blood, roast until cooked, and take with decoction of *Niantou*.
2. Chronic intestinal wind, with unceasing pain and itching: Use five qian of *Sanguisorbae Radix* and one liang of *Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae* (Cangzhu). Decoct in water, take once daily on an empty stomach.
3. Yin-binding bleeding with unceasing abdominal pain: Use four liang of *Sanguisorbae Radix* and three liang of *Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata* (Zhi Gancao). Take five qian per dose, add one cup of water, put in four to seven pods of *Fructus Amomi Rotundus* (Suosha), decoct until one and a half cups remain, divide into two doses.
[Discussion]
*Sanguisorbae Radix* flowers and fruits in the seventh month. It descends by riding on the contracting qi of Metal (Autumn), hence its efficacy lies in the root. The root is black outside and red inside, corresponding to the purple-black color of Zi (Winter/North). It originates from the Kidney of Supreme Yin and spreads the transformative power of Earth's fertility. Therefore, it is suitable for bloody dysentery and metrorrhagia that belong to Heat and Deficiency patterns, because it is slightly cold and carries tonifying properties. (Thus, it is often used to stop lower jiao bleeding, but acute heat dysentery should not be treated with it abruptly.) However, since it uses pure Yin to counteract accumulated Heat, it is appropriate to assist it. For example, for unceasing bloody dysentery, combine with sheep blood; for chronic intestinal wind, combine with *Atractylodis Macrocephalae*; for Yin-binding bleeding, combine with prepared Licorice and Amomum. From these three formulas, one can deduce how to fully utilize its effects.
Mr. Miu stated: For diarrhea caused by deficiency-cold, white dysentery with weak stomach, diarrhea during pregnancy/postpartum, metrorrhagia, and diarrhea due to Spleen deficiency, it is contraindicated to take this herb.
[Processing]
Roots that cut like cotton are considered good. Wash with wine to treat blood disorders in urination and defecation. To utilize its hemostatic effect, take the upper section of the root, slice, and stir-fry; the tips (lower sections) can promote blood circulation. This distinction must not be overlooked.