二树南北皆有。椿木皮细。肌实而赤。嫩叶香甘可茹。樗木皮粗。肌疏而白茎。其叶臭
恶。
根白皮
味涩苦。气凉燥。入手足阳明经。 治赤白浊。精滑梦遗。湿气泄痢肠滑。及肠风泻血
不止。女子血崩赤白带。小儿疳虫蛔虫。得地榆。止疳痢。 椿根白皮。性凉而能涩血。凡
湿热下痢。浊带滑遗。用之有燥下湿及去肺胃陈痰之功。治泄泻有除湿实肠之力。（但滞气
未尽。不可遽用。） 炒研糊丸。看病作汤使。名固肠丸。（丹溪） 凡血分受病不足者宜用
椿皮。气分受病有郁者宜用樗皮（濒湖） 治疮肿下药用樗皮以无根水研汁。服二三碗。取
利微行为验。藏器言樗皮有小毒。盖有所试也。（乾坤生意） 一女子耽饮。多食鱼蟹。蓄
毒在脏。日夜二三十泻。大便与脓血杂下。大肠连肛门痛不堪忍。服热药则腹愈痛。血愈下
。服冷药则注泄食减。服温平药则病不知。如此期年。垂命待尽。或教服人参散。三剂脓血
皆定。常服之遂愈。其方治大肠风虚。饮酒过度。挟热下痢脓血痛甚。多日不瘥。用樗根白
皮一两。人参。一两为末。每服二钱。空心米饮调服。忌油腻湿面青菜果子甜物鸡猪鱼羊蒜
薤等。（宗 ） 小儿疳痢。用樗白皮一握。粳米五十粒。葱白一握。炙甘草三寸。豉两合。
水一升。煮半升。以意服之。枝叶功用皆同。
〔论〕 椿樗一类二种。味俱涩苦。但椿不如樗之甚耳。夫椿樗禀地中寒水之气。其用
止
皆能治血中湿热。病有因热而湿并者。用椿樗清其热。热清而正气（阳中有阴）复。湿亦随
之以清矣。若概投清热诸味。则恐愈滋其湿。而正气愈困。（阴中阳也）热更郁于湿中以为
痛。而因湿并热矣。此时欲温燥。则反助其热。亦莫能流其湿。惟兹味本燥金以达寒化者。
燥乃湿之对待。而寒化所及。可以使热亦清矣。盖金味有涩者。乃阳中之阴欲纾而不得纾。
以对待阴中之阳欲畅而不得畅者。能使阳不陷于阴中。则浊自愈。精自固。痢自止。（固脱
之功。全在达阳。而达阳之功。先在收阴。）丹溪于此味。但以除湿为主言之。则亦知其所
先耳。时珍强分椿入血分。樗入气分。不知湿热为患。皆是病于血分。椿皮樗皮。总以达阳
气为主。而达阳本于收阴。惟樗之收阴者倍于椿。即其达阳者亦倍于椿。用者因其微甚以别
椿樗可耳。（凡湿热证可以风剂燥之者。土之邪气实。水亦从之以郁。故以风木胜之。若椿
樗所治。乃土之正气虚。木亦乘其所胜。故以燥金收之。如仍以风木燥之。则土益困矣。） 然
此亦治病必责其本之意也。如虽本于湿而热甚者。则清热之味倍之。郁滞甚者。则顺利之药
亦倍之。或更以他药为佐。抑以汤使转移。岂得执一说而不思所以尽变乎。
附法 樗柏丸。治湿热痰火浊证。兼治便毒。樗白皮一两。黄柏三两。青黛三钱。干姜
三钱。滑石五钱。蛤粉五钱。神曲五钱。痰甚。加南星半夏。为末。神曲糊丸。空心白汤下。
去滑石干姜。加知母牡蛎。治遗精。此即因热之微甚以加减者。脾毒肠风。因营卫虚弱。风
气袭之。热气乘之。血渗肠间。故大便下血。用臭椿根刮去粗皮焙干四两。苍术米泔浸焙。
枳壳麸炒。各一两。为末。醋糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸。米饮下。日三服。 又结阴丹治肠
风脏毒。诸大便血疾。枳壳黄 陈皮（去白）威灵仙荆芥穗何首乌椿根白皮各五钱。为末。
酒糊丸梧子大。每服五七十丸。陈米饮入醋少许煎过。放温送下。此二方即因湿滞之微甚以
加味者。 休息痢日夜无度。腥臭不可近。脐腹撮痛。用椿根白皮诃黎勒各半两。母丁香三
十个。为末。醋糊丸梧子大。每服五十丸。米饮下。 又方。椿根白皮东南行者。长流水内
漂三日。去黄皮。焙为末。每一两。加木香二钱。粳米饭为丸。每服一钱二分。空心米饮下。
即此一证。而或加味以收涩。或加味以升降诸气。其不同处可参。 女子白带。椿根白皮滑
石等分。为末。粥丸梧子大。每空腹白汤下百丸。 又方。椿根白皮一两半。干姜炒黑。白
芍炒黑。黄柏炒黑。各二钱。为末。如上法丸服。此即一证。而或加味以利湿和中。或加味
以和血清热。其临证审处又可参。
脾胃虚寒者。不可用。崩带属肾家真阴虚者。忌之。（以其燥故）滞下积气未尽者。亦
不可遽用。（仲淳） 樗根白皮合猪肉热面频食。则中满。盖经络壅也。（门） 多服微利人。
〔修事〕 宜入丸散。不入汤煎。（丹溪言亦可煎服。不见有害。） 并刮去粗皮。阴干。
临
这两棵树在南北各地都有生长。香椿的树皮较细，木质坚实且呈红色，嫩叶香气甘甜可以食用；臭椿的树皮粗糙，木质疏松且茎干呈白色，其叶子气味恶臭。
根白皮（指椿根或樗根的去皮部分）：味涩、苦，气性凉而燥，归入手足阳明经。主治赤白带下、精液滑泄、梦中遗精，湿气引起的泄痢及大肠滑脱不禁，以及肠风便血不止。女子血崩、赤白带下，小儿疳积虫积、蛔虫等症。若配伍地榆，可止疳痢。椿根白皮质性凉而能收敛止血，凡是湿热下注引起的痢疾、浊带、滑精遗尿，使用它有燥湿下行及清除肺胃陈旧痰浊的功效。治疗泄泻有除湿实肠的作用。（但若体内滞气未尽，不可立即使用。）将其炒制后研末，用糊剂制成丸药，根据病情作为汤剂的引子或主药使用，名为固肠丸。（出自朱丹溪）凡是血分受病导致不足的宜用椿皮，气分受病且有郁滞的宜用樗皮。（出自李时珍《本草纲目》）治疗疮肿时，外用药物可用樗皮以无根水研磨成汁服用二三碗，以轻微腹泻为见效标准。陈藏器说樗皮有小毒，大概是经过尝试验证过的。（出自《乾坤生意》）有一个女子嗜好饮酒，多吃鱼蟹，导致毒素蓄积在脏腑中，日夜腹泻二三十次，大便与脓血混杂而下，大肠连肛门疼痛难忍。服用热性药则腹痛加剧，出血更多；服用冷性药则腹泻如水、食欲减退；服用温平药则病情不见好转。如此持续一年，命悬一线等待死亡。有人教她服用人参散，服用三剂后脓血皆止，长期服用遂痊愈。该方主治大肠风虚，因饮酒过度，挟热下痢脓血且疼痛剧烈，多日不愈。用樗根白皮一两，人参一两，研为末，每次服用二钱，空腹时用米汤调服。忌食油腻、湿面、青菜、果子、甜食、鸡猪鱼肉、羊肉、蒜、薤等。（出自《本草宗原》）小儿疳痢，用樗根白皮一把，粳米五十粒，葱白一把，炙甘草三寸，豆豉两合，加水一升，煮至半升，酌情服用。枝叶的功效与此相同。
〔论述〕 椿和樗属于一类两种，味道都是涩苦的，只是椿不如樗那么强烈。椿和樗禀受了地中的寒水之气，它们的作用都能治疗血中的湿热。疾病有因热而导致湿邪并存的，使用椿或樗清其热，热清后正气（阳中有阴）恢复，湿邪也随之清除。如果一概投用清热类药物，恐怕会进一步滋长湿邪，使正气更加困顿。（这是阴中阳也）热更郁结在湿中从而产生疼痛，进而因湿并热。此时若想用温燥药，反而会助长热邪，也无法流通湿邪。只有这种味属本燥之金以通达寒化作用的药物，燥是湿的对立面，而寒化所及之处，可以使热邪也得到清除。大概金的味有涩的特性，乃是阳中之阴想要舒展却无法舒展，以对治阴中之阳想要通畅却无法通畅的状态，能使阳气不陷入阴中，那么浊气自然痊愈，精气自然固摄，痢疾自然停止。（固脱的功效，全在于通达阳气，而通达阳气的功效，首先在于收敛阴气。）朱丹溪对此药，只从除湿为主来谈论，也就知道他所重视的先决条件了。李时珍强行区分椿入血分，樗入气分，不知道湿热为患，都是病在血分。椿皮和樗皮，总以通达阳气为主，而通达阳气根本在于收敛阴气。只有樗的收敛阴气作用比椿加倍，即其通达阳气的作用也比椿加倍。使用者可以根据其作用的强弱来区别使用椿和樗即可。（凡是可以使用风剂来燥湿的湿热证，是土之邪气实，水湿也从之而郁结，所以用风木来克制它。若是椿樗所治疗的病症，则是土之正气虚，木气也乘其所胜，所以用燥金来收敛。如果仍然用风木来燥湿，那么土气会更加困顿。）然而这也是治病必求于本的意思。虽然病本源于湿，但热邪严重的，就加倍使用清热药；郁滞严重的，就加倍使用通利药。或者更以其他药物为佐使，通过汤剂引导转移，怎么能固执于一说而不思考如何全面变化呢？
附方：
樗柏丸：治疗湿热痰火浊证，兼治便毒。樗根白皮一两，黄柏三两，青黛三钱，干姜三钱，滑石五钱，蛤粉五钱，神曲五钱。痰甚，加天南星、半夏，研为末，用神曲糊丸，空腹白开水送下。去掉滑石、干姜，加知母、牡蛎，治疗遗精。这就是根据热的轻重进行加减的方法。脾毒肠风，因营卫虚弱，风气侵袭，热气乘虚而入，血液渗入肠间，所以大便下血。用臭椿根刮去粗皮焙干四两，苍术用米泔水浸泡后焙干，枳壳用麸皮炒，各一两，研为末，醋糊丸如梧桐子大，每次服用五十丸，米汤送下，每日三次。
又结阴丹：治疗肠风脏毒，各种大便出血疾病。枳壳、黄芩、陈皮（去白）、威灵仙、荆芥穗、何首乌、椿根白皮各五钱，研为末，酒糊丸如梧桐子大，每次服用五七十丸，陈米饮加入少许醋煎过，放温后送下。这两个方子就是根据湿滞的轻重进行加味的。
休息痢：日夜无度，腥臭不可靠近，脐腹拘急疼痛。用椿根白皮、诃黎勒各半两，母丁香三十个，研为末，醋糊丸如梧桐子大，每次服用五十丸，米汤送下。
又一方：椿根白皮选东南方向生长的，在长流水中漂洗三天，去掉黄皮，焙干研为末。每一两，加木香二钱，用粳米饭做丸，每次服用一钱二分，空腹米汤送下。仅这一个病症，有的加味以收涩，有的加味以升降诸气，其中的不同之处可以参考。
女子白带：椿根白皮、滑石等分，研为末，粥糊丸如梧桐子大，每次空腹白开水送下一百丸。
又一方：椿根白皮一两半，干姜炒黑，白芍炒黑，黄柏炒黑，各二钱，研为末，按上述方法丸服。这也是一个病症，有的加味以利湿和中，有的加味以和血清热，临证审察处理又可参考。
脾胃虚寒者，不可使用。崩漏带下属肾家真阴虚者，忌用。（因其性燥）滞下积气未尽者，也不可立即使用。（出自缪希雍）樗根白皮配合猪肉、热面频繁食用，会导致中焦胀满，这是因为经络壅塞所致。（出自门人记载）多服用会有轻微腹泻。
〔炮制〕 适宜入丸散，不宜入汤煎。（朱丹溪说也可以煎服，未见有害。）并刮去粗皮，阴干。临……
Both trees grow in the north and south. The bark of Toona sinensis (Chun) is fine, the wood is solid and red, and the tender leaves are fragrant, sweet, and edible. The bark of Ailanthus altissima (Chu) is rough, the wood is loose, and the stems are white; its leaves have an offensive odor.
Root White Bark: Taste is astringent and bitter, nature is cool and dry, entering the Foot and Hand Yangming meridians. It treats red and white turbid discharge, seminal emission with sleep, dampness-induced diarrhea and dysentery with intestinal slipping, and persistent bleeding from intestinal wind. For women with metrorrhagia and red/white leukorrhea, and children with malnutrition due to parasites or roundworms, it is effective. When combined with Sanguisorbae Radix (Diyu), it stops malnutrition-related dysentery. Chun root white bark has a cool nature and can astringe blood. It is used for dysentery, turbid leukorrhea, and seminal emission caused by downward flow of damp-heat, possessing the functions of drying lower dampness and eliminating old phlegm from the lung and stomach. It treats diarrhea by removing dampness and firming the intestines. (However, if qi stagnation is not yet resolved, it should not be used abruptly.) Stir-fried and ground into powder, made into pills with paste, and used as a decoction according to the condition, named Guchang Wan (Intestine-Firming Pill) (from Zhu Danxi). For diseases originating in the blood level with deficiency, Chuns bark is suitable; for diseases originating in the qi level with stagnation, Chus bark is suitable (from Li Shizhen). For treating sores and swellings, Chu bark is used externally, ground with unrooted water into juice, taken in amounts of two to three bowls, with mild purgation as the sign of efficacy. Chen Cangqi stated that Chu bark has slight toxicity, likely based on experimentation (from Qiankun Shengyi). A woman addicted to drinking and consuming fish and crab accumulated toxins in her zang organs, suffering from thirty episodes of diarrhea day and night, with stool mixed with pus and blood, and unbearable pain from the large intestine to the anus. Hot medicines worsened abdominal pain and bleeding; cold medicines caused watery diarrhea and loss of appetite; warm-neutral medicines had no effect. After a year, she was near death. Someone advised Ren Shen San (Ginseng Powder); after three doses, pus and blood stopped, and long-term use led to recovery. This formula treats large intestine wind-deficiency, excessive alcohol consumption leading to heat-carrying dysentery with pus/blood and severe pain, persisting for many days. Use Chu root white bark one liang, Ginseng one liang, powdered. Take two qian per dose, mixed with rice water on an empty stomach. Avoid greasy foods, wet noodles, green vegetables, fruits, sweets, chicken, pork, fish, mutton, garlic, and shallots (from Bencao Zongyuan). For childhood malnutrition dysentery, use a handful of Chu white bark, fifty grains of Japonica Oryzae Semen (Jingmi), a handful of Scallion White (Congbai), three cun of Roasted Licorice Root (Zhigancao), two he of Fermented Soybean (Chidou), one sheng of water, boil to half a sheng, and administer as appropriate. The branches and leaves have similar functions.
[Discussion] Chun and Chu are one category, two species. Both taste astringent and bitter, though Chun is less intense than Chu. They inherit the cold-water qi of the earth. Their use lies in treating damp-heat in the blood. In diseases where heat causes dampness to conjoin, using Chun or Chu clears the heat; once heat is cleared, righteous qi (yang containing yin) recovers, and dampness clears along with it. If all heat-clearing herbs are indiscriminately used, dampness may increase, and righteous qi becomes more constrained (this is yang within yin). Heat further stagnates in dampness causing pain, leading to heat conjoining with dampness. At this time, using warm-drying herbs would assist heat and fail to move dampness. Only this herb, belonging to dry metal reaching cold transformation, works because dryness is the counterpart to dampness, and cold transformation allows heat to clear. The astringent taste of metal represents yang-yin wanting relief but unable to get it, countering yin-yang wanting freedom but unable to achieve it, preventing yang from sinking into yin, thus clearing turbidity, consolidating essence, and stopping dysentery. (The function of securing collapse relies entirely on reaching yang, and reaching yang relies first on collecting yin.) Zhu Danxi discussed this herb mainly for removing dampness, knowing its primary focus. Li Shizhen strongly distinguished Chun entering the blood level and Chu entering the qi level, not realizing that damp-heat pathology affects the blood level. Both Chun and Chu bark primarily reach yang, which is based on collecting yin. Chu’s ability to collect yin is double that of Chun, and thus its ability to reach yang is also double. Users can distinguish them based on strength. (For damp-heat syndromes treatable with wind agents to dry dampness, earth pathogen qi is excess, and water dampness stagnates accordingly, so wind-wood overcomes it. For Chun/Chu treatments, earth righteous qi is deficient, and wood exploits its dominance, so dry-metal collects it. Using wind-wood again would further constrain earth.) This reflects the principle of seeking the root in treatment. Although rooted in dampness, if heat is severe, double heat-clearing herbs; if stagnation is severe, double draining herbs. Or add other assisting herbs, transferring via decoctions. One cannot stick to one theory without considering variations.
Attached Formulas:
Chu Bai Wan: Treats damp-heat, phlegm-fire, and turbid syndromes; also treats external genital abscesses. Chu root white bark one liang, Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbo) three liang, Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai) three qian, Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) three qian, Talcum (Huashi) five qian, Concha Meretricis (Ge Fen) five qian, Mass Medicamentum (Shenqu) five qian. For severe phlegm, add Arisaematis Rhizoma (Nanxing) and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia). Powdered, made into pills with Shenqu paste, taken with plain water on an empty stomach. Remove Huashi and Ganjiang, add Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu) and Ostrea Concha (Muli) to treat seminal emission. This adjusts based on heat severity. Pi Du Chang Feng: Due to defensive-healthy qi weakness, wind invasion, and heat乘虚, blood渗 into intestines causing hematochezia. Use Stink Tree root scraped, dried, four liang; Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) soaked in rice wash and dried; Aurantii Fructus (Zhiqiao) bran-fried, each one liang. Powdered, vinegar-paste pills size of wutong seeds, 50 pills per dose, rice water, three times daily.
Jie Yin Dan: Treats intestinal wind, internal toxin, and various hematochezia. Zhiqiao, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, peeled), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Weilingxian), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie Sui), Polygoni Multiflori Radix (Heshouwu), Chun root white bark, each five qian. Powdered, wine-paste pills size of wutong seeds, 50-70 pills per dose, aged rice water with a little vinegar boiled, warmed before taking. These two formulas adjust based on damp-stagnation severity.
Xiu Xi Li (Intermittent Dysentery): Day and night without limit, foul-smelling, umbilical/abdominal cramping pain. Chun root white bark and Terminalia Chebulae Fructus (Helile) each half liang, Syzygdii Flos (Mudingxiang) thirty pieces. Powdered, vinegar-paste pills size of wutong seeds, 50 pills per dose, rice water.
Another Formula: Chun root white bark from southeast direction, soaked in running water for three days, remove yellow bark, dry and powder. One liang plus Muxiang two qian, made into pills with Japonica Oryzae Semen (Jingmi) rice paste. Take one qian two fen per dose, rice water on empty stomach. For this single syndrome, some add astringents, others add qi-regulating herbs; differences can be referenced.
Female Leukorrhea: Chun root white bark and Huashi equal parts. Powdered, porridge-paste pills size of wutong seeds, take 100 pills with plain water on empty stomach.
Another Formula: Chun root white bark one liang five qian, Charred Dried Ginger, Charred White Peony Root (Baishao), Charred Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbo), each two qian. Powdered, pill form as above. For this single syndrome, some add damp-draining/middle-joint harmonizing herbs, others add blood-harmonizing/heat-clearing herbs; clinical judgment is key.
Spleen-stomach deficiency-cold: Do not use. Metrorrhagia/leukorrhea due to kidney true yin deficiency: Contraindicated (due to dryness). Dysentery with unresolved accumulation/qi stagnation: Do not use abruptly (from Miao Xichun). Chu root white bark combined with pork and hot noodles frequently eaten causes middle-journal fullness due to meridian obstruction (from disciples). Overconsumption causes mild purgation.
[Processing] Suitable for pills and powders, not for decoctions (Zhu Danxi said decoction is possible, no harm seen). Scrape off coarse bark, shade dry. Before...