广之桂林各邑及 峒中皆出之。山东蓬莱县桂府村所出者亦佳。（濒湖）
味甘淡。气寒。入足太阳膀胱经。兼入足阳明手少阴太阳阳明经。主荡胃中积聚寒热。
去留结。利中。通九窍六腑津液。和血脉。益精气。解燥渴。除膈上烦热。疗身热。泄 。
利小便癃闭淋沥及黄胆水肿香港脚。兼滑女子难产。下乳汁。妊娠小便转脬。治前阴窍塞不利。
性沉重。能泄上气令下行。用质之药。故利窍不与诸淡渗药同。（洁古） 属金而有土与水。
无甘草以和之弗用。（金水相生必藉于土）能燥湿。分水道。实大肠。（二句相因而言。湿燥
则水道分。水道分则大肠自实。）化食毒。行积滞。逐凝血。解烦渴。补脾胃。降心火之要
药也。（丹溪）滑石甘淡入胃。渗走经络。游溢津气。上输于肺。下通膀胱。肺主皮毛。为
水之上源。膀胱司津液。气化则能出。故滑石上能发表。（去上中之热与湿）下利水道。（去
中下之热与湿）为荡热燥湿之剂。热散则三焦宁而表里和。湿去则阑门通而阴阳利。河间用
益元通治表里上下诸病。盖是此意。（濒湖）滑石石中之得冲气者。滑以利诸窍。通壅滞。
下垢腻。甘以和胃气。寒以散积热。甘寒滑利以合其用。是为祛暑散热。利水除湿。消积滞。
利下窍之要药。（仲淳） 益元散（又名六一散天水散太白散）解中暑伤寒疫疠。饥饱劳损。
忧愁思虑。惊恐悲怒。传染并汗后遗热劳复诸疾。兼解两感伤寒。百药酒食邪热毒。治劳伤
虚损。内伤阴痿。惊悸健忘。痫螈烦满。短气痰嗽。肌肉疼痛。腹胀闷痛。淋闭涩痛。服石
石淋。凡身热呕吐。泄泻肠 。下利赤白。除烦热。及胸中积聚寒热。止渴消蓄水。妇人产
后损液。血虚热甚。催生下乳。治吹乳乳痈。牙疮齿疳。此药大养脾肾之气。通九窍六腑。
去留结。益精气。壮筋骨。和气通经脉。消水谷。保真元。明耳目。安魂定魄。强志轻身。
耐劳役饥渴。乃神验之仙药也。白滑石水飞过六两。粉甘草一两。为末。每服三钱。蜜少许。
温水调下。实热。用新汲水调下。解利。用葱豉汤下。通乳。用猪肉面汤调下。催生。用香
油浆下。凡难产或死胎不下。皆由风热燥涩。结滞紧敛。不能舒缓故也。此药力至。则结滞
顿开而瘥矣。（河间） 如用以治痢。照雷公炮制。用丹皮同煮过。加丹砂水飞细末。每两
一钱。名辰砂六一散。治心经伏暑。下利纯血。烦躁口渴。神昏不爽。（仲淳）
〔论〕 滑石属金而有土与水。夫色白者金也。味甘者土也。气寒者水也。金水相生。
必藉土以致其用。经曰。味归形。形归气。是味之甘者。归于质之白。质之白者。归于气之
寒也。由土而金。由金而水。此岂徒以滑窍利水。尽其用哉。本经谓其荡胃中积聚寒热。益
精气。别录曰。令人利中。其义可参也。盖其坚贞之性。本属坤贞。而柔腻之质。又得坤柔。
合之以为滑利。所以奏功若此。人身寒热积聚。本由气以有形。而脾胃患湿。又即积聚之气
所化也。滑石由质以化气。俾湿去而中土得司运化之职。上至于肺以生金。还降入胃以行水。
化则九窍六腑津液通而经脉舒。脾气益畅矣。此所谓益精气补脾胃者也。肺阴下降。则心火
降矣。又其所谓大养脾肾之气者。缘水土合德以立地。而合以为体者。实分以为用。湿为土
病水在土中也。即为水病土又在水中也。湿行而水道分。脾与肾胥受其益。即本经所云益
精气者。固已包举于此矣。又其能在去留滞。留滞之去。即以益脾气。降心火。养肾气。此
中煞有妙理。知此则可以善其用。而不徒以去结行滞当之。大抵人身百病。疗之者勿论寒热
虚实之剂。俱能兼于清中道。清中道有用其气者。有用其味者。有用其质者。如滑石则质以
化气。而效更捷。试举其同用诸方。如寒凉宣泄。用之固多。乃在温热。（辛温如胃脘痛之
星半安中汤。白螺壳丸。胁痛之木通散。膏淋之沉香丸。辛热如中风之三因白散。中暑之大
黄龙丸。劳淋之生附散。）及补养（如痰饮之半夏利膈丸。霍乱之桂苓白术散。桂苓甘露饮。
胀满之甘露饮。劳淋之黄 汤。地黄丸。）而亦同用之。正以人之血气为病。留结于中道者。
宁独热实为然。即虚寒而患于中道之留滞者。亦自不少。知虚寒亦借以为用。则可以神而明
之为中道利矣。观于治滞下。益元散一入红曲以和血行滞。名清六丸。一入干姜以正气辟湿。
名温六丸。或清或温。因名
缪氏。病因阴精不足而内热。致小水短赤不利。或烦或渴。身热由于阴虚火炽者。皆禁。
脾肾俱虚者。虽作泻。弗服。中气虚陷宜升者。所宜致慎。多服使人小便多。精窍滑。（士
材）
〔辨治〕 取白如凝脂。极软滑者用。若理粗质硬。色青有黑点者。谓之斑石。不入药。
水飞过用。或有宜如雷公制者。因其证也。
广西南宁、桂林各州县以及少数民族聚居的峒洞中都有出产。山东蓬莱县桂府村出产的滑石也很好。（李时珍）
味甘、淡，气寒。入足太阳膀胱经，兼入足阳明胃经、手少阴心经、手太阳小肠经、足阳明胃经、手阳明大肠经。主要清除胃中积聚的寒热邪气，去除体内停留的结滞，通利中焦，疏通九窍和六腑的津液，调和血脉，补益精气，解除燥渴，消除膈上的烦热，治疗身体发热、泄泻。
通利小便，治疗癃闭（排尿困难）、淋沥（尿频尿急尿痛）及黄疸水肿、脚气病。兼治女子难产，下乳汁，妊娠期间小便不通导致的转脬（膀胱受压），治疗前阴窍道闭塞不利。
药性沉重，能泄降上逆之气使其下行。属于质地重的药物，所以其利窍的作用与其他淡渗利湿药不同。（张元素）属金而含有土与水的特性。没有甘草来调和就不使用。（因为金水相生必须借助于土）能燥湿，分利水道，使大肠实固。（这两句是因果相连而言：湿气去则燥，水道分清，水道分清则大肠自然实固。）化解食毒，行散积滞，驱逐凝血，解除烦渴，补益脾胃，是降心火的要药。（朱震亨）滑石味甘淡入胃，渗透走窜经络，游溢津气，向上输注于肺，向下通利膀胱。肺主皮毛，为水之上源；膀胱司管津液，气化功能正常则尿液排出。所以滑石向上能发表（清除上部和中部的热与湿），向下利水道（清除中下部的热与湿）。它是荡涤热邪、燥湿的药剂。热散则三焦安宁，表里调和；湿去则阑门通畅，阴阳利达。刘河间用益元散通治表里上下各种疾病，大概就是这个意思。（李时珍）滑石是石头中得冲和之气者。滑能利诸窍，通壅滞，下垢腻；甘能和胃气；寒能散积热。甘寒滑利合用其功效，这是祛暑散热、利水除湿、消积滞、利下窍的要药。（陈实功）
益元散（又名六一散、天水散、太白散）能解中暑、伤寒、疫疠，饥饱劳损，忧愁思虑，惊恐悲怒，传染病以及汗后遗热、劳复等各种疾病。兼治两感伤寒，百药酒食邪热毒，治疗劳伤虚损，内伤阳痿，惊悸健忘，痫证抽搐，烦闷胀满，短气痰嗽，肌肉疼痛，腹胀闷痛，淋闭涩痛，服石引起的石淋。凡是身体发热呕吐，泄泻肠鸣，下利赤白痢，除烦热，以及胸中积聚寒热，止渴消蓄水。妇人产后损伤津液，血虚热甚，催生下乳，治疗吹乳、乳痈，牙疮齿疳。此药大养脾肾之气，通九窍六腑，去留结，益精气，壮筋骨，和气通经脉，消水谷，保真元，明耳目，安魂定魄，强志轻身，耐劳役饥渴，是神验的仙药。白滑石水飞六两，粉甘草一两，研为末。每次服用三钱，加少许蜂蜜，温水调下。实热证，用新汲水调下。解利邪气，用葱豉汤送下。通乳，用猪肉面汤调下。催生，用香油浆送下。凡难产或死胎不下，都是由风热燥涩，结滞紧敛，不能舒缓所致。此药力到达，则结滞顿开而痊愈。（刘完素）
如果用来治痢疾，照雷公炮制法，用丹皮同煮过，加丹砂水飞细末。每两药加一钱丹砂，名辰砂六一散。治心经伏暑，下利纯血，烦躁口渴，神昏不爽。（陈实功）
〔论〕 滑石属金而含有土与水。颜色白的是金，味道甘的是土，气寒的是水。金水相生，必须借助土来实现其效用。《内经》说：味归形，形归气。意思是味之甘者，归于质之白；质之白者，归于气之寒也。由土而生金，由金而生水。这岂仅仅是以滑窍利水来尽其用呢？《本经》说它能荡涤胃中积聚寒热，益精气，《别录》说令人利中，其义可以参详。大概它坚贞的性质，本属坤土之贞，而柔腻的质地，又得坤土之柔，合起来成为滑利，所以奏效如此。人身寒热积聚，本来由气化为有形，而脾胃患湿，又是即积聚之气所化生的。滑石由质化气，使湿去而中土得以司运化之职，上至于肺以生金，还降入胃以行水。化则九窍六腑津液通而经脉舒，脾气益畅。这就是所谓益精气、补脾胃。肺阴下降，则心火降矣。这也是所谓大养脾肾之气的原因，缘于水土合德以立地，而合以为体者，实分以为用。湿为土病，水在土中即为水病，土又在水中也。湿行而水道分，脾与肾都受其益，即《本经》所说的益精气，已经包举于此了。又在于能去留滞，留滞的去，即以益脾气，降心火，养肾气，这其中煞有妙理。知此则可以善用其用，而不徒以去结行滞当之。大抵人身百病，疗之者不论寒热虚实之剂，俱能兼于清中道。清中道有用其气者，有用其味者，有用其质者。如滑石则是以质化气，而效更捷。试举其同用诸方，如寒凉宣泄，用之固多，乃在温热（辛温如胃脘痛之星半安中汤、白螺壳丸，胁痛之木通散，膏淋之沉香丸；辛热如中风之三因白散，中暑之大黄龙丸，劳淋之生附散）及补养（如痰饮之半夏利膈丸，霍乱之桂苓白术散、桂苓甘露饮，胀满之甘露饮，劳淋之黄芩汤、地黄丸）而亦同用之。正以人之血气为病，留结于中道者，宁独热实为然？即虚寒而患于中道之留滞者，亦自不少。知虚寒亦借以为用，则可以神而明之为中道利矣。观于治滞下，益元散一入红曲以和血行滞，名清六丸；一入干姜以正气辟湿，名温六丸。或清或温，因名缪氏。病因阴精不足而内热，致小水短赤不利，或烦或渴，身热由于阴虚火炽者，皆禁。脾肾俱虚者，虽作泻，弗服。中气虚陷宜升者，所宜致慎。多服使人小便多，精窍滑。（李中梓）
〔辨治〕 取白如凝脂，极软滑者用。若理粗质硬，色青有黑点者，谓之斑石，不入药。水飞过用。或有宜如雷公制者，因其证也。
Guangxi's Guilin and other counties, as well as the "Dong" (ethnic minority settlements), all produce it. The Talcus found in Guifu Village, Penglai County, Shandong Province, is also excellent. (Li Shizhen)
It tastes sweet and bland, its nature is cold. It enters the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, and concurrently enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian, Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian, Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, and Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian. It primarily clears accumulated heat and cold in the stomach, removes retained stagnation, benefits the middle jiao, unblocks the fluids of the nine orifices and six fu organs, harmonizes the blood vessels, supplements essence and qi, relieves dryness and thirst, eliminates vexing heat above the diaphragm, treats body fever, and diarrhea.
It promotes urination, treating urinary retention (Liongbi), dribbling dysuria (Longli), jaundice, edema, and beriberi (Xiangjiao). It also assists in difficult labor for women, promotes lactation, treats urinary retention due to bladder compression during pregnancy (Zhuanpao), and treats obstruction and difficulty in the anterior orifice.
Its nature is heavy, capable of draining upward-rebellious qi and causing it to descend. As a substance-heavy drug, its ability to unblock orifices differs from other bland-draining herbs. (Zhang Yuansu) It belongs to Metal but contains Earth and Water. It is not used without Licorice Root (Gancao) to harmonize it. (Because Metal and Water generate each other, they must rely on Earth.) It can dry dampness, separate water pathways, and firm the large intestine. (These two statements are causally linked: when dampness is dried, water pathways separate; when water pathways separate, the large intestine naturally firms.) It transforms food toxins, moves stagnation, expels congealed blood, relieves vexing thirst, tonifies the spleen and stomach, and is an essential herb for descending Heart Fire. (Zhu Zhenheng) Talcus (Huashi) tastes sweet and bland, enters the stomach, penetrates and travels through meridians, circulates fluids and qi, transports upwards to the Lungs, and connects downwards to the Bladder. The Lungs govern skin and hair and are the upper source of water; the Bladder manages fluids, and when Qi transformation occurs, urine is excreted. Therefore, Talcus can release the exterior upwards (removing heat and dampness from the upper and middle jiao) and promote water pathways downwards (removing heat and dampness from the middle and lower jiao). It is a formula that sweeps away heat and dries dampness. When heat disperses, the Triple Burner becomes peaceful, and the interior and exterior harmonize; when dampness leaves, the Lanmen opens, and Yin and Yang flow freely. Liu Hejian used Yi Yuan San to treat various diseases of the exterior, interior, upper, and lower, which implies this meaning. (Li Shizhen) Talcus is the stone that obtains the balanced Qi. Slipperiness benefits all orifices, unblocks stagnation, and discharges grime; sweetness harmonizes Stomach Qi; coldness dissipates accumulated heat. Sweet, cold, slippery, and draining combine their effects. This is an essential herb for dispelling summerheat, clearing heat, promoting urination, removing dampness, eliminating stagnation, and benefiting the lower orifices. (Chen Shigong)
Yi Yuan San (also known as Liu Yi San, Tian Shui San, Tai Bai San) resolves summerheat, cold damage, epidemics, injuries from hunger/fullness and overwork, sorrow/worry, fright/panic, sadness/anger, infectious diseases, residual heat after sweating, and relapse due to overexertion. It also treats Cold Damage affecting both Taiyang and Shaoyin (Lianggan Shanghan), toxic heat from medicines, wine, and food, labor injury and deficiency, internal injury with impotence, palpitations, forgetfulness, epilepsy with convulsions, vexation and fullness, shortness of breath with phlegm cough, muscle pain, abdominal distension and pain, strangury with涩 pain, lithiasis (Shilin) caused by taking minerals. For any body fever with vomiting, diarrhea with borborygmus, bloody dysentery, it eliminates vexing heat, clears chest accumulation of heat and cold, stops thirst, and reduces fluid retention. For women postpartum fluid loss, severe heat due to blood deficiency, it induces labor and promotes milk, treats breast engorgement and mastitis, dental sores, and gingival caries. This herb greatly nourishes Spleen and Kidney Qi, unblocks the nine orifices and six fu organs, removes stagnation, benefits essence and qi, strengthens sinews and bones, harmonizes Qi and unblocks meridians, digests food and drink, preserves true Yuan Qi, clarifies eyes and ears, calms the soul, strengthens will, lightens the body, enables endurance of labor and hunger/thirst. It is a miraculous immortal medicine. Process white Talcus (Huashi) by water-floating for six taels, Powdered Licorice Root (Fen Gancao) one tael, grind into powder. Take three qian per dose, mix with a little honey, and take with warm water. For excess heat, take with fresh well water. To resolve pathogenic factors, take with Scallion and Fermented Soybean Decoction (Cong Chi Tang). To promote lactation, take with pork and noodle soup. To induce labor, take with sesame oil slurry. Difficult labor or retained dead fetus is always due to wind-heat, dryness, and astringency causing stagnation and tight contraction, preventing relaxation. When this medicine's power arrives, stagnation suddenly opens and recovery occurs. (Liu Wansu)
If used to treat dysentery, follow Lei Gong's processing method: boil with Moutan Cortex (Danpi), add Cinnabar (Dansha), process by water-floating into fine powder. Add one qian of Cinnabar per tael of herb. Named Chen Sha Liu Yi San. Treats latent summerheat in the Heart Meridian, pure blood in stool, vexation, thirst, and mental confusion. (Chen Shigong)
[Discussion] Talcus belongs to Metal but contains Earth and Water. White color indicates Metal; sweet taste indicates Earth; cold nature indicates Water. Metal and Water generate each other, but must rely on Earth to realize their function. The Classic says: "Taste returns to form, form returns to Qi." This means sweet taste returns to white substance, and white substance returns to cold Qi. From Earth comes Metal, from Metal comes Water. Is this merely about unblocking orifices and promoting urination to exhaust its utility? The *Shennong Ben Cao Jing* states it sweeps away accumulated heat and cold in the stomach and benefits essence and qi. The *Bielu* states it benefits the middle. Their meanings can be cross-referenced. Its steadfast nature originally belongs to the steadfastness of Kun (Earth), and its soft/greasy texture obtains the softness of Kun. Combined, they create slipperiness, thus achieving such efficacy. Human heat/cold and accumulation originate from Qi transforming into form, while Spleen/Stomach dampness is transformed from the Qi of accumulation. Talcus transforms Qi from Substance, allowing dampness to leave so the Middle Earth can resume its transport and transformation duties. It goes up to the Lungs to generate Metal, and descends back to the Stomach to move water. Transformation allows fluids of the nine orifices and six fu organs to flow and meridians to relax, benefiting Spleen Qi. This is what is meant by benefiting essence and tonifying the Spleen/Stomach. Lung Yin descending causes Heart Fire to descend. This is also why it greatly nourishes Spleen and Kidney Qi. Because Earth and Water combine virtue to establish the Earth, and combine to form the body, yet divide to perform functions. Dampness is a disease of Earth; Water within Earth is a disease of Water; Earth within Water is also involved. When dampness moves and water pathways separate, both Spleen and Kidney benefit. This encompasses the *Ben Cao Jing*'s statement of benefiting essence and qi. Furthermore, it removes stagnation; removing stagnation benefits Spleen Qi, descends Heart Fire, and nourishes Kidney Qi. There is profound logic here. Understanding this allows proper use, not just limited to removing knots and moving stagnation. Generally, for hundred diseases, whether using cold/heat or deficiency/excess formulas, they can all jointly clear the Middle Path. Clearing the Middle Path uses Qi, Taste, or Substance. Talcus uses Substance to transform Qi, making effects more rapid. Consider formulas where it is used together: in cold-cooling purgatives, it is often used; even in warm formulas (acrid-warm like Xing Ban An Zhong Tang and Bai Luo Ke Wan for epigastric pain, Mu Tong San for hypochondriac pain, Chen Xiang Wan for creamy strangury; acrid-hot like San Yin Bai San for stroke, Da Huang Long Wan for summerheat, Sheng Fu San for labor-strangury) and tonic formulas (like Ban Xia Li Ge Wan for phlegm-fluids, Gui Ling Bai Zhu San and Gui Ling Gan Lu Yin for cholera, Gan Lu Yin for distension, Huang Qin Tang and Di Huang Wan for labor-strangury), it is also used. This is because blood and Qi pathology stagnating in the Middle Path is not only due to excess heat. Even deficiency-cold with stagnation in the Middle Path is common. Knowing that deficiency-cold can also utilize it allows divine understanding of benefiting the Middle Path. Observing treatment for dysentery: Yi Yuan San added with Red Yeast Rice (Hong Qu) to harmonize blood and move stagnation is named Qing Liu Wan; added with Dried Ginger (Gan Jiang) to rectify Qi and repel dampness is named Wen Liu Wan. Whether clearing or warming, names vary according to Mu Shi. Etiology: If disease is due to insufficient Yin essence causing internal heat, leading to scanty red difficult urination, or vexation/thirst, or body fever due to Yin deficiency and blazing fire, it is contraindicated. For combined Spleen/Kidney deficiency, even if diarrhea occurs, do not take. For Middle Qi sinking requiring ascending, caution is advised. Overconsumption causes frequent urination and slipping of the essence orifice. (Li Zhongzi)
[Differentiation and Treatment] Select white, fat-like, extremely soft and slippery Talcus. If the texture is coarse and hard, greenish with black spots, it is called Banzhi (Spotted Stone) and is not used in medicine. Process by water-floating. Some may suit Lei Gong's processing methods, depending on the syndrome.