蒲即今取以为席。或并作扇者。黄即花中蕊屑也。
气味甘平。手足厥阴血分药。治血治痛。生则能行。熟则能止。主心腹膀胱寒热。利小
便。
止血消瘀。疗血气心腹胃脘痛。治吐衄。（鼻舌）尿泻血痢血。及女子崩漏堕胎。又通经脉。
除
草
黄
不变。是知蒲性精专在黄。然亦具夏火长夏土秋金三义。（子繇）与五灵脂同用。治一切心
腹
肿满口。用蒲黄干姜末。等分干搽而愈。（芝隐方）据此。则蒲黄之凉血活血可
心之外候。而手厥阴相火。乃心之臣使。得干姜是阴阳相剂也。得地之阴气。兼
言甘平者。是兼辛而言也。甘能和血。辛能散结。故或生或熟。皆可奏功。（
干姜炒黑豆芎归地膝泽兰。治产后诸血病。同车前牛膝生地麦冬。治溺血。同阿
麦冬赤苓车前杜仲川断。治血崩血淋。生纳舌下。数数易之。消重舌。一切跌扑
停滞腹中。生蒲黄煮浓。和童便饮之良。五劳七伤。停积瘀血。胸前痛即发吐衄
行血药主之。老幼吐血。蒲黄末每服半钱。生地汁调下。量人加减。或入发灰等
血。方同上。口耳大衄。蒲黄阿胶炙各半两。每用二钱。水一盏。生地汁一合。煎
温服。急以帛系两乳。止乃已。关节疼痛。蒲黄八两。熟附子一两。为末。每服一
下。日一服。胎动欲产。日月未足者。蒲黄二钱。井花水服。产妇催生。蒲黄地龙
皮等分。为末。另收。临时各炒一钱。新汲水调服。立产。胞衣不下。蒲黄二钱。
〔论〕蒲黄水草。具水土合德之阴。当春生嫩叶。出水时。便红白色茸茸然。是寒水之
气。
殊于
更
达
手
火之
。而后及于止血消瘀也。（经云。二阴至肺。其气归膀胱。外连脾胃。又云。阴入于胃。游
溢精气。上输于脾。脾气散精。上归于肺。通调水道。下输膀胱。可与兹义相发明。）人身
水与
是
气化之还及于水。如所谓游溢精气。通调水道耳。（还及于气。还及于水。是应前 变化
配火孕水而液化血之义。又应前具体于水。达用于火。布化于金之义。盖血原从气化。气原
从水化。故曰还。）惟宜于寒热之气化以及水化者。故取以化寒热之伤血者。止与消无不咸
宜。（如生料鸡苏治鼻衄。既同于凉血清热。而黑神止血。又同于燥湿温寒。治舌肿既配干
姜。而治木舌又辅三黄。是为寒热皆宜。）总之。入心而行凉降之气化。凉者秋气。非以寒
除热也。只可谓之和血耳。既不同丹皮紫草郁金之苦寒而凉血。亦不等红花茜根苏木之辛温
而散血。惟得于温凉之中气。故或从阳以引之。如同干姜而治舌肿。或从阴以达之。如同阿
胶而疗口耳大衄。其消肿非以疏导为功。其定衄非以止涩见长。推此乃可以用斯味矣。
〔辨治〕自采者真。勿用松黄并黄蒿。二件全似。只是味 及吐人。凡使蒲黄。须隔三
重
蒲草即现在用来编织席子的植物。有的也将其叶片制作成扇子。黄色部分是指花中的花粉屑。
气味甘平。归手足厥阴经的血分药。治疗血证和疼痛。生用能活血行血，熟用能止血。主治心腹及膀胱的寒热病症，通利小便。
具有止血消瘀的功效。治疗血气引起的心腹胃脘疼痛。治疗吐血、衄血（鼻出血或舌出血）、尿血、便血、痢疾下血，以及妇女崩漏、堕胎出血。又能通利经脉。
性质精专在于黄色的花粉。但也具备夏火、长夏土、秋金三方面的含义。（子繇记载）与五灵脂同用，治疗各种心腹肿满。使用蒲黄和干姜末，等分混合干撒患处而痊愈。（芝隐方）据此可知，蒲黄的凉血活血作用可以反映心的外在征候，而手厥阴心包络的相火，是心的臣使，配合干姜则是阴阳相互制约配伍。得到地的阴气，兼有辛味而言。说它味甘平，其实是兼有辛味的意思。甘味能和血，辛味能散结。所以无论生用还是熟用，都能奏效。（干姜炒黑豆、川芎、当归、地黄、牛膝、泽兰，治疗产后各种血病；同车前子、牛膝、生地、麦冬，治疗尿血；同阿胶、麦冬、赤茯苓、车前子、杜仲、续断，治疗血崩、血淋；生蒲黄含于舌下，频繁更换，可消除重舌；一切跌打损伤导致血液停滞腹中，生蒲黄煮浓汁，兑入童便服用效果良好；五劳七伤，停积瘀血，胸前痛发作时吐血衄血，用行血药为主治疗；老幼吐血，蒲黄末每次半钱，生地汁调服，根据患者情况加减；口耳大出血，蒲黄、炙阿胶各半两，每次二钱，水一盏，生地汁一合，煎温服，急用帛带系住两乳，血止后解开；关节疼痛，蒲黄八两，熟附子一两，研为末，每次一服，每日一服；胎动欲产但月份不足者，蒲黄二钱，井花水送服；产妇催生，蒲黄、地龙皮等分，研为末，另收好，临产时各炒一钱，新汲水调服，立即分娩；胞衣不下，蒲黄二钱……）
〔论〕蒲黄生于水草，具备水土合德的阴性特质。当春天生出嫩叶，出水时呈现红白色茸茸的样子，这是寒水之气的作用。不同于其他药物，更通达手厥阴心包络之火。而后才起到止血消瘀的作用。（《内经》说：二阴至肺，其气归于膀胱，外连脾胃。又说：阴气进入胃，游溢精气，上输于脾，脾气散精，上归于肺，通调水道，下输膀胱，这与上述道理可以互相发明。）人身的水液气化还返于水，就像所说的游溢精气、通调水道一样。（还返于气，还返于水，是应验前面“配火孕水而液化血”的意义，又应验前面“具体于水，达用于火，布化于金”的意义。因为血原本从气化而来，气原本从水化而来，所以说“还”。）只适宜于寒热气化以及水化的情况，所以取用它来化解因寒热损伤的血，止血与消瘀无不适宜。（如生料鸡苏汤治疗鼻衄，既同于凉血清热，而黑神散止血，又同于燥湿温寒，治疗舌肿既配伍干姜，而治疗木舌又辅助三黄，这是寒热皆宜的情况。）总之，入心而行凉降的气化。凉属于秋气，并非以寒除热，只可以说是和血罢了。既不同于丹皮、紫草、郁金的苦寒而凉血，也不等同于红花、茜根、苏木的辛温而散血。只得到温凉之中的中气，所以有时从阳引导，如同干姜治疗舌肿；有时从阴通达，如同阿胶治疗口耳大出血。其消肿不是以疏导为功效，其定衄不是以止涩见长，推究此理就可以使用这味药了。
Puhuang (Typhae Pollen) refers to the plant currently used for making mats. Some also use its leaves to make fans. The yellow part refers to the pollen dust from the flower stamens.
The flavor is sweet and neutral. It is a medicine entering the blood aspect of the Hand and Foot Jueyin meridians. It treats blood disorders and pain. Raw Puhuang promotes blood circulation, while processed Puhuang stops bleeding. It primarily treats cold-heat conditions in the heart, abdomen, and bladder, and promotes urination.
It has the effects of stopping bleeding and resolving blood stasis. It treats pain in the heart, abdomen, and epigastrium caused by blood and qi disorders. It treats hematemesis (vomiting blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed). It also treats hematuria, bloody dysentery, uterine bleeding, miscarriage, unblocking the meridians, and removing grass-like obstructions. Its efficacy lies specifically in the yellow pollen. However, it also embodies the principles of Summer Fire, Late Summer Earth, and Autumn Metal. (Ziyao recorded) Using it together with Wulingzhi (Trogopteri Dung) treats various abdominal swellings. Applying a mixture of equal parts Puhuang and Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) powder topically cured the condition. (Zhiyin's Formula) This indicates that Puhuang's ability to cool blood and invigorate circulation reflects the external manifestations of the Heart. The Ministerial Fire of the Hand Jueyin Pericardium serves as the attendant of the Heart. The combination with Ganjiang represents the mutual regulation of Yin and Yang. Receiving the Yin Qi of the Earth, combined with the acrid flavor: saying it is "sweet and neutral" actually implies an acrid quality. Sweetness harmonizes blood, while acridity disperses nodules. Therefore, both raw and processed forms are effective. (Ganjiang stir-fried with Heidou, Xiongkui, Danggui, Shengdi, Niuxi, and Zelan treat postpartum blood disorders; combined with Cheqiancao, Niuxi, Shengdi, and Maidong to treat hematuria; combined with Ejiao, Maidong, Chifuling, Cheqiancao, Duzhong, and Duandong to treat metrorrhagia and stranguria with blood; placing raw Puhuang under the tongue and changing frequently reduces macroglossia; for blood stagnation in the abdomen due to trauma, boiling raw Puhuang into a thick decoction and mixing with Tongbian (Child's Urine) is beneficial; for Five Exhaustions and Seven Injuries with stagnant blood causing chest pain and hematemesis/epistaxis, blood-invigorating herbs are primary; for hematemesis in elderly and children, half a qian of Puhuang powder taken with Shengdi juice, adjusted according to the patient; for severe nose and ear bleeding, half a liang each of roasted Ejiao and Puhuang, two qian per dose, decocted with one cup of water and one he of Shengdi juice, taken warm, binding both breasts tightly with cloth until bleeding stops; for joint pain, eight liang of Puhuang and one liang of Shuzhufu (Prepared Aconite Root), powdered, taken once daily; for threatened premature labor, two qian of Puhuang taken well water; for inducing labor, equal parts Puhuang and Dilongpi (Earthworm Skin), powdered, one qian fried separately and taken with fresh water for immediate delivery; for retained placenta, two qian of Puhuang...)
[Discussion] Puhuang grows in aquatic plants, possessing the Yin virtue of combined Water and Earth. When tender leaves sprout in spring and emerge from water, they appear reddish-white and fuzzy, reflecting the Qi of Cold Water. Unlike other substances, it reaches the Fire of the Hand Jueyin Pericardium before exerting its hemostatic and blood-resolving effects. (The Classic states: Two Yin reaches the Lung, its Qi returns to the Bladder, externally connecting to the Spleen and Stomach. It also states: Yin enters the Stomach, overflows with Essence-Qi, transports upward to the Spleen, Spleen Qi scatters Essence, returns upward to the Lung, regulates water passages, and transports downward to the Bladder. This elucidates the principle.) In the human body, Qi transformation returns to Water, similar to overflowing Essence-Qi and regulating water passages. (Returning to Qi, returning to Water, corresponds to the previous meaning of "matching Fire to conceive Water, transforming liquid into Blood," and also corresponds to "being concrete in Water, reaching function in Fire, and distributing transformation in Metal." Since Blood originates from Qi transformation, and Qi originates from Water transformation, it is called "return.") It is suitable only for cold-heat Qi transformation and Water transformation. Thus, it is used to transform blood damaged by cold-heat, making it equally suitable for stopping bleeding and resolving stasis. (For example, Shengliao Jisu treats epistaxis, sharing cooling-blood and clearing-heat properties, while Heishen San stops bleeding, sharing drying-dampness and warming-cold properties. Treating tongue swelling pairs with Ganjiang, while treating wooden tongue assists with Sanhuang, indicating suitability for both cold and heat.) In summary, it enters the Heart and conducts cooling-descending Qi transformation. Cooling belongs to Autumn Qi, not using Cold to remove Heat, but rather harmonizing Blood. It differs from the bitter-cold nature of Danpi, Zicao, and Yujin in cooling blood, and is not equivalent to the acrid-warm nature of Honghua, Qianggen, and Sumu in dispersing blood. It obtains a moderate temperature between Warm and Cool. Thus, sometimes it guides via Yang, like Ganjiang treating tongue swelling; sometimes it reaches via Yin, like Ejiao treating severe nose and ear bleeding. Its reduction of swelling does not rely on dredging, and its cessation of bleeding does not rely on astringency. Understanding this allows for the proper use of this herb.
[Differentiation and Treatment] Self-harvested material is authentic. Do not use Songhuang or Huanghao, which look identical but differ in taste and may induce vomiting. When using Puhuang, it must be passed through three layers of sieve.