即尔雅棠棣。山野处处有之。树高五六尺。叶花及树。并似大李。惟子小若樱桃。熟时
赤色。甘酸而香。有少涩味也。
味酸辛苦。气平。性润而降。阴中之阳。脾经气分药。更入手阳明太阳经。 主治化血
润燥。泻结气。破癖气。治大肠气结燥。涩滞不通。泄五脏膀胱急痛。腰胯冷脓。下气利水
道。并主大腹水肿。四肢面目浮肿。
附案 一妇因悸而病。既愈。目张不得瞑。钱仲阳令煮郁李酒饮之。使醉而愈。盖因目
系内连肝胆。恐则气结。胆横不下。郁李能去结。随酒入胆。结去胆下。则目能瞑矣。 同
当归地黄麻仁桃仁麦冬生蜜肉苁蓉。治大便燥结不通。甚者加大黄。
〔论〕 郁李仁之利水。本于散结气。夫水乃气所化。气属阳主动。动者能使之结。则
属于阴矣。气之元固起于阴中之阳。气之结即由于阳中之阴。一散其结。而阳斯化。水斯行。
故洁古谓为脾经气分药。而本经用治大腹水肿面目四肢浮肿者也。夫脾乘出地之阳而上行。
布中气以统血。故五脏皆有阴气。而脾为之枢。郁李仁主疗。大抵皆脾气之所周。然则洁古
破血之说。不等于他味。即所云润燥。亦由其宣阴结以化血。以血结则气燥。血化则营卫和
而燥者润也。且其散结之功。宁独奏之行水哉。举七情之结以伤阴。遂以塞阳者。当可类推
之以为治矣。（观钱氏用治目不得瞑可见）缪氏言性专降下。善导大肠燥结。利周身水气。
然下后多令人津液亏损。燥结愈甚。乃治标救急之药。津液不足者。慎勿轻用。
〔修治〕先以汤浸。去皮尖。再用生蜜浸一宿。漉出阴干。研如膏用。
这就是《尔雅》中提到的棠棣。山野间到处都有生长。树高五六尺。叶子、花朵和树干，都和大李树相似。只是果实小得像樱桃一样。成熟时呈赤色。味道甘酸且带有香气，略带一点涩味。
味道酸、苦、辛。气性平。药性滋润而趋向下降。属于阴中之阳。是入脾经气分的药物。又入手阳明大肠经和足太阳膀胱经。主要功效是化解血结、滋润燥热。泻除郁结之气。破除积聚癖块之气。治疗大肠气机郁结导致的燥涩、滞塞不通。缓解五脏及膀胱的急痛。治疗腰胯部的冷脓（注：此处指寒湿凝滞之症）。降气并通利水道。同时也主治大腹水肿。四肢及面目浮肿。
附案 有一位妇女因心悸而患病，病愈后出现眼睛睁开无法入睡的症状。钱仲阳让她煮郁李酒饮用，使其醉酒后痊愈。这是因为目系内部连接肝胆，恐惧会导致气机郁结，胆气横逆不能下行。郁李仁能去除郁结，随着酒力进入胆经，郁结去除后胆气得以顺降，眼睛就能闭合入睡了。同当归、地黄、麻仁、桃仁、麦冬、生蜜、肉苁蓉一起使用，治疗大便燥结不通。严重的加大黄。
〔论述〕 郁李仁的通利水湿作用，根本在于疏散郁结之气。水是由气化生的。气属阳主动，动的状态如果导致郁结，就归属于阴了。气的本源固然起于阴中之阳，但气的郁结正是由于阳中之阴（即阴邪阻滞阳气）所致。一旦散除了郁结，阳气就能化生，水液就能运行。所以洁古（张元素）称其为脾经气分药。而《本经》用它来治疗大腹水肿、面目及四肢浮肿。脾土承载出地之阳气而上行，布散中气以统摄血液。所以五脏都有阴气，而脾是枢纽。郁李仁的主治功效，大致都是脾气所管辖的范围。那么洁古所说的破血说法，并不等同于其他药物。所谓滋润燥热，也是通过宣通阴结来化生血液。因为血结则气燥，血化则营卫调和，燥者自然得到滋润。而且它散结的功效，难道仅仅体现在行水上吗？凡是七情郁结损伤阴液，进而阻塞阳气的情况，都可以据此类推来进行治疗。（从钱氏用其治疗眼睛无法入睡可见一斑）。缪氏说其药性专主降下，善于引导大肠燥结，通利周身水气。然而使用后多使人津液亏损，燥结反而更严重。这是治标救急的药物。津液不足的人，千万不要轻易使用。
〔炮制〕 先用汤水浸泡，去掉皮和尖。再用生蜜浸泡一夜，捞出阴干。研磨成膏状使用。
This is the *Tangdi* (Choi tree) mentioned in the *Erya*. It grows everywhere in the mountains and fields. The tree is five to six chi tall. Its leaves, flowers, and trunk resemble those of the large plum (*Prunus salicina*), except that its fruit is small, like a cherry. When ripe, it is red. It tastes sweet and sour with a fragrance, having a slight astringency.
Its taste is sour, bitter, and pungent. Its nature is neutral. Its medicinal property is moistening and descending. It belongs to "Yin within Yang." It is a herb entering the Qi aspect of the Spleen meridian. It further enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridian and the Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridian. Its main indications are resolving blood stasis, moistening dryness, draining stagnant Qi, breaking up accumulations and masses, treating constipation due to Qi stagnation and dryness in the Large Intestine with sluggish obstruction, relieving acute pain in the five Zang organs and the Bladder, treating cold pus in the waist and hips, directing Qi downward, promoting urination, and managing abdominal edema as well as edema of the four limbs and face.
Case Record A woman became ill due to palpitations. After recovery, she suffered from insomnia with her eyes open. Qian Zhongyang instructed her to drink decoction made with *Yuliren* (Prunus japonica Seed) and wine until intoxicated, after which she recovered. This is because the visual system connects internally to the Liver and Gallbladder; fear causes Qi stagnation, leading to rebellious Gallbladder Qi that fails to descend. *Yuliren* can remove stagnation. Accompanied by wine entering the Gallbladder channel, once the stagnation is resolved, the Gallbladder Qi descends, allowing the eyes to close for sleep. Combined with Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Maren (Cannabis Fructus), Taoren (Persicae Semen), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), raw honey, and Rousongrong (Cistanches Herba), it treats severe constipation due to dryness and obstruction. In severe cases, Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) is added.
[Discussion] The diuretic effect of *Yuliren* (Prunus japonica Seed) stems from its ability to dissipate stagnant Qi. Water is transformed from Qi. Qi belongs to Yang and is active; when activity leads to stagnation, it falls under Yin. The origin of Qi indeed arises from "Yang within Yin," but Qi stagnation occurs due to "Yin within Yang" (obstruction of Yang by Yin pathogens). Once the stagnation is dispersed, Yang transforms, and water flows. Therefore, Jiegu (Zhang Yuansu) refers to it as a herb for the Qi aspect of the Spleen meridian. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* uses it to treat abdominal edema and edema of the face, eyes, and four limbs. Spleen Earth carries the Yang energy emerging from the earth and ascends, distributing Middle Qi to govern Blood. Thus, all five Zang organs possess Yin Qi, with the Spleen acting as the pivot. The therapeutic effects of *Yuliren* largely cover the functions governed by Spleen Qi. Consequently, Jiegu's claim regarding breaking blood does not equate to other herbs. The so-called "moistening dryness" is achieved by venting Yin stagnation to transform Blood. Since Blood stagnation leads to Qi dryness, transforming Blood harmonizes Ying and Wei, thereby moistening dryness. Moreover, its function of dissipating stagnation is not limited to promoting water metabolism. Conditions where emotional stagnation damages Yin and subsequently obstructs Yang can be treated by analogy based on this principle (as seen in Qian's treatment of insomnia). Miao states that its nature is specifically descending, effectively guiding out Large Intestine dryness and promoting fluid metabolism throughout the body. However, its use often depletes Body Fluids, worsening dryness and constipation. It is a herb for treating symptoms and emergency relief. Those with insufficient Body Fluids should avoid using it lightly.
[Processing] Soak first in hot water, remove the skin and tips. Then soak in raw honey overnight, drain, and dry in the shade. Grind into a paste for use.