味辛。气平。主治与金箔不远。同能平肝。过服亦能伤肝。
〔论〕前哲多以生金为有毒。惟百炼者堪服。而生银则无毒。濒湖之说甚辨。谓验试
中毒与否。必藉银物。以银之与毒。其气原不兼容。而即为色变也。然有异者。金畏水银。
水银入肉。令人筋挛。惟以金物久久熨之。水银当出蚀金。候金色白是也。至于作银箔者。
又借水银煎消制之。是金银之所喜忌。即一水银而迥殊矣。奈何谓金银性味如一。而毫无差
别哉。又按金禀中宫阴土之气。银禀西方辛阴之神。金气合于土。而银气纯乎金。海藏故独
言白银属肺也。濒湖又独言银能伤肝者。以金气合于土。斯能媾肺于肝而使之平。不得言伤
肝耳。
出铜坑中。以其未经矿炼。故名自然。独孤滔谓多年矿气结成。得铜之精气。是或然也。
有两三种。一种大如麻黍。或多方解。累累相缀。至如斗大。色煌煌明烂如黄金 石。入药
最上。一种成块。大小不定。亦光明而赤。一种如姜铁屎之类。又有如不冶而成者。皆出铜
坑中。击之易碎。或黄赤。或青赤。炼之乃成铜。今人多以 石为自然铜。烧之成青焰如硫
黄。此亦有二三种。但俱畏火。不等于自然铜之须火 也。即此可辨。
味辛。气平凉。主折伤。续筋骨。散血止痛。禀土金之气以生。入血行血。为续筋接骨
之神药。（仲淳） 接骨之功。与铜屑同。但不可常服。即便理气活血为要。（濒湖）打扑损
伤。自然铜研细。水飞过。同当归没药各半钱。以酒调服。仍手摩病处。同乳香没药 虫五
铢古钱麻皮灰血竭胎骨作丸。煎当归地黄续断牛膝丹皮红花浓汤送下。治跌扑损伤。或金刃
伤骨断筋。皆效。
〔论〕 自然铜非火 不可。凡诸损药必热。能生气血以接骨。此物火金相煽。燥热愈
甚。先哲云。凡刀斧跌磕。闪肭脱臼者。初时不可便用自然铜。久后方可用之。折骨者。宜
便用之。若不折骨。不碎骨。则不可用。然则兹物续筋骨。乃其所长。若非骨折骨碎。尚不
须此。即宜用而辄早。犹以贻患也。
凡损伤病。妙在补气血。不宜求速效。多用自然铜。往往致成痼疾。盖骨之上下相合处。
有臼有杵。使脱臼之骨未归其窠。而早用自然铜续之。则终身不能屈伸如意。接骨药用自然
铜。非 不可。若新出火者。火金毒瓦斯相煽。更挟香药热毒。虽有接骨之功。燥散之祸。甚
于刀剑。戒之。（丹溪）
〔修治〕 火 醋淬七次。细研水飞用。
【银箔】
味辛。气平。主治功效与金箔相近。两者都能平抑肝阳，但过量服用也会损伤肝脏。
〔论述〕
前代哲人多认为生金有毒，只有经过百炼的金才能服用，而生银则无毒。李时珍（濒湖）的说法非常详尽，他认为检验是否中毒，必须借助银器来验证。因为银与毒气的性质原本不相兼容，遇到毒气就会发生颜色变化。然而也有不同之处：金畏惧水银，水银进入肌肉，会导致人体筋脉拘挛，只有通过金器长时间熨烫，水银才会排出并腐蚀金，等到金色变白即可。至于制作银箔，又是借用水银煎煮熔化来制成的。这说明金银所喜好和忌讳的，仅仅因为一个水银就截然不同了。为何有人说金银的性味完全一样，毫无差别呢？另外考证，金禀受中央阴土之气，银禀受西方辛阴之神。金气合于土，而银气纯粹属于金。李东垣（海藏）因此单独说白银归属于肺脏。李时珍又单独说银能伤肝，是因为金气合于土，从而能使肺气与肝气调和使之平衡，所以不能说它伤肝。
【自然铜】
出自铜矿坑中，因为它未经过矿石冶炼，所以名叫“自然”。独孤滔说这是多年的矿气凝结而成，得到了铜的精气，这或许是可能的。自然铜有两三种类型。一种大如麻籽黍粒，有的呈方形解理，累累相连，大到斗大，色泽辉煌明亮如同黄金石，入药效果最好。一种成块状，大小不定，也光明且呈红色。一种像姜铁渣之类。还有像未冶炼而成的样子。这些都出自铜矿坑中，敲击容易碎裂，颜色有的黄赤，有的青赤，经过冶炼就成为铜。现在的人多把赭石当作自然铜，烧之产生青色火焰如同硫黄。这也有两三种，但都畏惧火，不同于自然铜需要火煅的特性。由此可以辨别。
味辛。气平凉。主治跌打折伤，接续筋骨，散瘀止痛。禀受土金之气而生，入血分而行血，是续筋接骨的神药。（陈实功/仲淳注）接骨的功用，与铜屑相同，但不可以长期服用，应当以调理气机、活血为主要原则。（李时珍/濒湖注）治疗打扑损伤，将自然铜研成细粉，用水飞法处理，同当归、没药各半钱，用酒调服，同时用手按摩患处。配合乳香、没药、全蝎五铢、古钱麻皮灰、血竭、胎骨制成丸剂，用当归、地黄、续断、牛膝、丹皮、红花的浓汤送下。治疗跌扑损伤，或者金刃造成的骨折筋断，都有效。
〔论述〕
自然铜不经火煅不可使用。凡是各种损伤药物必定偏热，能够生气血以接骨。此物火与金相互煽动，燥热更甚。先哲说，凡是刀斧砍伤、跌打磕碰、闪挫脱臼者，初起时不可以立即使用自然铜，久后方可使用。如果是骨折，适宜立即使用。如果不是骨折、骨头没有碎裂，则不可使用。既然这样，此物续接筋骨是其所长，如果不是骨折骨碎，尚且不需要用它。即使适宜使用而过早使用，仍然会遗留祸患。
凡是损伤疾病，妙在补益气血，不宜追求速效。多用自然铜，往往导致成为顽固性疾病。因为骨骼上下相接的地方，有臼有杵，如果脱臼的骨头还没有归位，而过早使用自然铜去接续它，那么终身不能随意屈伸。接骨药中使用自然铜，不是不能煅烧，但如果新从火中取出的，火金毒气相互煽动，再加上香药的燥热毒性，虽然有接骨的功效，但其燥散的危害，比刀剑还严重，务必戒除。（朱震亨/丹溪注）
[Silver Foil]
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature. Its therapeutic effects are not far from those of Gold Foil. Both can pacify the Liver; however, excessive consumption may also damage the Liver.
[Discussion]
Ancient sages mostly considered raw gold to be toxic, stating that only gold refined a hundred times is suitable for ingestion, whereas raw silver is non-toxic. Li Shizhen's (Binhu) explanation is very detailed. He stated that to verify whether poisoning has occurred, one must rely on silver objects for testing. This is because the nature of silver and poison are originally incompatible, resulting in a color change upon contact. However, there are differences: Gold fears Mercury. If Mercury enters the flesh, it causes tendon spasms in humans. Only by long-term熨烫 (ironing/warming) with gold objects can Mercury be expelled and corrode the gold, which is indicated when the gold turns white. As for making Silver Foil, it involves using Mercury to smelt and dissolve it. Thus, the preferences and aversions of Gold and Silver differ significantly merely due to Mercury. How can one claim that the nature and flavor of Gold and Silver are identical with no difference? Furthermore, according to research, Gold inherits the Yin Earth Qi of the Central Palace, while Silver inherits the Pungent Yin Spirit of the West. The Qi of Gold combines with Earth, whereas the Qi of Silver is purely Metal. Therefore, Li Dongyuan (Haicang) alone stated that White Silver belongs to the Lung. Li Shizhen alone stated that Silver can damage the Liver because the Qi of Gold combines with Earth, thereby harmonizing the Lung with the Liver to maintain balance; thus, it cannot be said to damage the Liver.
[Natural Copper]
Sourced from copper mines. Because it has not undergone ore smelting, it is named "Natural." Du Gu Tao claimed it is formed over many years by mineral Qi condensing, obtaining the essence of Copper; this may be true. There are two or three types. One type is as large as hemp or millet seeds, sometimes with square cleavage, linked together like beads, up to the size of a dou (a unit of volume), shining brightly like golden stone; this is the best grade for medicinal use. Another type forms into lumps of indeterminate size, also bright and red. Another resembles ginger-iron slag. There are also forms resembling unsmelted material. All these come from copper mines, are easy to crush when struck, and vary in color between yellow-red or green-red; after smelting, they become copper. Nowadays, people often mistake Ochre (Hematite) for Natural Copper. When burned, Ochre produces a blue flame similar to Sulfur. There are also two or three types of Ochre, but all fear fire, unlike Natural Copper which requires calcination. This distinction allows for identification.
Pungent in flavor, neutral-cool in nature. It treats fractures and injuries, reconnects sinews and bones, dissipates blood stasis, and alleviates pain. Born from the Qi of Earth and Metal, it enters the Blood level to move Blood, serving as a divine medicine for reconnecting sinews and bones. (Chen Shigong/Zhongchun note) Its function in bone setting is similar to that of Copper Filings, but it should not be taken frequently; regulating Qi and activating Blood is essential. (Li Shizhen/Binhu note) For treating contusions and injuries, grind Natural Copper into fine powder, process by water levigation, mix with equal parts (half qian) of Angelica Sinensis (Danggui) and Myrrh (Moyao), take with wine, and simultaneously massage the affected area. Combine with Frankincense (Ruxiang), Myrrh (Moyao), Scorpion (Quanxie) five zhu, ancient coin hemp ash, Dragon's Blood (Xuexue), fetal bone, etc., to make pills. Administer with a strong decoction of Angelica Sinensis (Danggui), Rehmannia (Dihuang), Dipsacus (Xuduan), Achyranthes (Niuxi), Moutan (Danpi), and Safflower (Honghua). Effective for falls and blows, or cuts causing bone fracture and tendon rupture.
[Discussion]
Natural Copper must be calcined before use. All medicines for injuries tend to be hot, capable of generating Qi and Blood to set bones. This substance involves Fire and Metal fanning each other, increasing dryness and heat. Ancient sages said that for wounds from knives/axes, falls, bumps, sprains, or dislocations, Natural Copper should not be used initially but only after some time. For actual bone fractures, it is appropriate to use immediately. If there is no fracture or bone shattering, it should not be used. Since its strength lies in reconnecting sinews and bones, if there is no fracture or bone shattering, it is unnecessary. Even if indicated, premature use may still cause harm.
In all injury diseases, the key lies in tonifying Qi and Blood; one should not seek rapid effects. Overuse of Natural Copper often leads to chronic conditions. At the junctions where bones meet above and below, there are sockets (acetabulum-like structures) and mortars (condyles-like structures). If a dislocated bone has not returned to its socket, and Natural Copper is used early to reconnect it, the patient may never regain full flexibility for life. Using Natural Copper in bone-setting medicines is acceptable, provided it is calcined. However, if newly taken out of fire, the toxic vapors of Fire and Metal fan each other, compounded by the heat toxicity of aromatic herbs. Although it has bone-setting efficacy, the disaster of dryness and dispersion is worse than swords and knives. Beware. (Zhu Zhenheng/Danxi note)
[Processing]
Calcine until red-hot, quench in vinegar seven times, grind finely, and use after water levigation.