家为 。野为凫。
肉
气味甘冷。微毒。（嫩者毒。老者良。）补虚除客热。和脏腑。利水道。 治水利小
用青头雄鸭。取水木生发之象。治虚劳热毒。宜乌骨白鸭。取金水寒肃之象也。
附方 大腹水病。小便短少。用青头雄鸭煮汁饮。浓盖取汗。 又方。用白鸭一只。治
净。
火
毛
将陈酒一瓶。作三次入之。酒干为度。食鸭及枣。频作取愈。（葛可久）
血
气味咸冷。 用鸡血者取其阳。用鸭血者取其阴。 解中砒毒。 猝中恶死。或先病痛
。或卧而忽绝。并取雄鸭向死人口断其头。沥血入口。外以竹筒吹其下部。极则易人。气通
即活。
〔论〕 鸭肉甘冷。用治久虚咳血。须大有佐使。非徒取其冷也。惟疗大腹水病。则用
之单
而欲
化。
气味苦寒。 主解热毒。 痔疮初起。频涂抹之。自消。
附方 痔疮有核。白鹅胆二三枚。取汁。入熊胆二分。片脑半分。研匀。瓷器密封。勿
令泄
胆二
雁脂也。
气味甘平。 主治风挛拘急偏枯。血气不通利。（本经）又治热结胸痞呕吐。更疗耳聋。
和
鹑（无斑者鹌也。此则有斑。） 鹑始以化成。（虾蟆得瓜化为鹑。
九月变为鹑。）终以卵生。故四时常有之。
肉
气味甘平。 补五脏。益中续气。实筋骨。耐寒暑。消结热。 小儿患疳。下痢五色。
旦旦食之有效。 和小豆生姜煮食。止泻痢。 酥煎食。令人下焦肥。 湿热臌胀腹大。四
肢骨立。不能贴席。谷食不下者。取鹑肉食之。昏晕。少顷。雨汗莫能言。但有更衣状。扶
而圊。小便突出白液。凝如鹅脂。数次。下尽遂起。此中焦湿热积久所致也。
〔论〕 鹑乃蛙化。气性相同。蛙与虾蟆。皆解热治疳。利水消肿。鹑之功用。约略似
之。
热积
家养的鸭称为“家”，野生的鸭称为“凫”。
【鸭肉】
气味：甘，冷。微毒。（嫩鸭有毒，老鸭良善。）
功效：补虚损，除客热（外感或阴虚产生的热邪），调和脏腑，通利水道。
主治水气病（水肿）时，选用青头雄鸭，取水生木、木主生发的意象；治疗虚劳热毒时，宜选用乌骨白鸭，取金水寒肃的意象。
附方：大腹水病（腹部胀大如鼓的水肿病），小便短少。用青头雄鸭煮汁饮用，覆盖厚被以取汗。
又一方：用一只白鸭，处理干净后，将一瓶陈酒分三次倒入鸭腹中，直至酒干为止。食用鸭肉和红枣，频繁服用可愈。（葛可久）
【鸭血】
气味：咸，冷。
用法：用鸡血取其阳刚之性，用鸭血取其阴柔之性。
功效：解砒霜毒。
急救法：猝然中恶死，或先有病痛，或睡眠中突然断气，均取雄鸭在死者口边斩下其头，将血滴入口中，外部用竹筒吹其下部（肛门或会阴部），气息极尽则换人继续吹，气息通畅即能复活。
〔论〕 鸭肉味甘性冷，用于治疗久病体虚导致的咳血，必须有大量的佐使药配合，并非单纯利用其寒凉之性。只有治疗大腹水病时，才单独使用它，而想要使其发挥作用，需经过化裁。
【鹅胆】
气味：苦，寒。
功效：主要解除热毒。痔疮初起时，频繁涂抹，自能消散。
附方：痔疮有核（形成肿块）。取白鹅胆二至三枚，取汁，加入熊胆二分，片脑（冰片）半分，研磨均匀，用瓷器密封保存，不要令其泄漏。
【雁肪】
雁脂也。
气味：甘，平。
主治：风挛拘急、偏枯（半身不遂）、血气不通利。（出自《本经》）又治疗热结胸痞呕吐，更治疗耳聋。
【鹑】
无斑点的称为鹌，此则有斑点。鹑起初由变化而成。（蛤蟆得瓜化为鹑，九月变为鹑。）最终由卵生，所以四季常常见到。
【鹑肉】
气味：甘，平。
功效：补五脏，益中气续绝气，充实筋骨，耐寒暑，消除结热。小儿患疳积，下痢五色，每天食用有效。与赤小豆、生姜同煮食用，可止泻痢。用酥油煎食，使人下焦肥胖。湿热引起的臌胀（腹部胀大），四肢消瘦如柴，不能贴席，饮食不下者，取鹑肉食用。患者昏晕片刻，出汗如雨，不能言语，仅有排便的感觉，扶去厕所，小便排出白色液体，凝固如鹅脂，数次之后，排尽便起身。这是中焦湿热积聚日久所致。
Domestic ducks are called "Jia", while wild ducks are called "Fu".
[Duck Meat]
Flavor and Nature: Sweet, Cold. Slightly toxic. (Young ducks are toxic; old ducks are beneficial.)
Efficacy: Tonifies deficiency, eliminates external or yin-deficiency heat (Ke Re), harmonizes the Zang-Fu organs, and promotes urination.
When treating Water Qi disease (Edema), select male ducks with green heads to symbolize water generating wood and wood governing growth; when treating consumptive fever and toxicity, it is advisable to select white ducks with black bones to symbolize the cold and肃 (solemn/clearing) nature of metal and water.
Attached Formula: For Da Fu Shui Bing (Abdominal Distension resembling Drum due to Edema) with scanty urine, boil the juice of a male duck with green head and drink it. Cover thickly to induce sweating.
Another formula: Take one white duck, clean it thoroughly. Pour one bottle of aged wine into the duck's cavity in three portions, until the wine is completely absorbed. Consume the duck meat and dates frequently until cured. (Ge Kejiu)
[Duck Blood]
Flavor and Nature: Salty, Cold.
Usage: Use chicken blood to harness its Yang nature; use duck blood to harness its Yin nature.
Efficacy: Resolves arsenic poisoning.
Emergency Method: In cases of sudden death from evil qi, or prior illness followed by sudden cessation of breathing during sleep, take a male duck, sever its head near the deceased's mouth, drip the blood into the mouth, and externally blow air into the lower part (anus or perineum) using a bamboo tube. Change blower when breath exhausts; life returns when qi flows freely.
[Discussion] Duck meat is sweet and cold. When used to treat chronic coughing up of blood due to long-term deficiency, it requires substantial adjuvant herbs; it is not merely utilized for its cooling property. It is only used singly for treating Da Fu Shui Bing, but to make it effective, transformation/modification is required.
[Goose Gallbladder]
Flavor and Nature: Bitter, Cold.
Efficacy: Primarily resolves heat toxicity. For early-stage hemorrhoids, frequent application leads to spontaneous resolution.
Attached Formula: For hemorrhoids with nodules, take two to three goose gallbladders, extract the juice, add 2 fen of Ursus Thibetanus Gallbladder (Xiong Dan) and 0.5 fen of Borneolum Syntheticum (Pian Nao/Bing Pian), grind uniformly, seal tightly in porcelain, preventing leakage.
[Yan Fang]
This is goose fat.
Flavor and Nature: Sweet, Neutral.
Indications: Treats wind-induced spasms, stiffness, hemiplegia, and unsmooth flow of blood and qi. (From *Shennong Ben Cao Jing*) Also treats heat accumulation in the chest/epigastrium with fullness and vomiting, and further treats deafness.
[Quail]
Quails without spots are called "An"; these have spots. Quails initially arise from transformation (Toads transform into quails upon contact with melons, changing in the ninth month). Ultimately, they hatch from eggs, so they are present throughout the four seasons.
[Quail Meat]
Flavor and Nature: Sweet, Neutral.
Efficacy: Tonifies the five Zang organs, benefits middle Jiao qi, restores vital energy, strengthens sinews and bones, tolerates cold and heat, and dissipates accumulated heat. Effective for children suffering from Gan syndrome (malnutrition) and dysentery with five colors of stool; daily consumption is effective. Boiled with Adzuki beans and ginger to stop diarrhea and dysentery. Fried in ghee causes obesity in the lower Jiao. For distension caused by damp-heat (abdomen large, limbs emaciated, unable to lie flat, inability to eat), consume quail meat. The patient may experience fainting, profuse sweating, muteness, and a sensation of defecation. Upon assistance to the toilet, white fluid resembling goose fat is excreted in urine. After several times of complete excretion, the patient recovers. This is caused by long-standing accumulation of damp-heat in the middle Jiao.
[Discussion] Quails originate from frogs and share similar qi and nature. Frogs and toads both resolve heat, treat Gan syndrome, promote diuresis, and reduce edema. The efficacy of quail is roughly similar.