防风（五两） 当归 芍药 人参 甘草 干姜（各二两） 独活 葛根（各五两）
上八味 咀，以水九升，煮取三升，去滓分三服日三。（同上）（按∶此等诸方，皆足以治男子，故列于
此。又当归汤、甘草汤并有麻黄，乃似刚痉之治，防风汤明是柔痉。）
治伤寒阴痉，手足冷，筋脉拘厥，汗出不止，宜服白术散方。
白术 桂心 附子 防风 芎 甘草（以上各三分）
上件药捣筛为散，每服四钱，以水一中盏，入生姜半分，枣三枚，煎至五分去滓，不计时候热服。
（《圣惠》）《圣济》治伤寒柔 ，手足逆冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止，附子白术汤，于本方去防风、甘草，加
独活。（《活人》名附术散。）
《肘后》疗中风，无问男子妇人，中风脊急，身 如弓，紫汤方。
鸡屎（二升） 大豆（一升） 防风（三两切）
上三味，以水三升，先煮防风取三合汁，豆、鸡屎二味，枪中熬之，令黄赤色，用酒二升淋之去滓，然后
用防风汁和，分为再服，相去如人行六七里，衣覆取汗忌风。（《外台》）
治产后百病，及中风痱痉。（按∶《外台》引《短剧》作妇人产后中风困笃），或背强口噤，或但烦热苦
渴，或头身皆重，或身痒，剧者呕逆直视，此皆因虚风冷湿及劳伤所为，大豆紫汤方。
大豆（五升） 清酒（一斗）
上二味，以铁铛猛火熬豆，令极热焦烟出，以酒沃之，去滓服一升，日夜数过。服之尽，更合，小汗则愈。
一以去风，二则消血结。（《千金》）崔氏云∶如中风口噤，加鸡屎白二升和豆熬更佳。（《外台》）（更有
类方数首，不录。）《指迷方》荆芥豆淋酒，治风 。荆芥穗四两，大豆半升炒令烟出，好酒一升沃之，去豆
不用。上用水三升，并酒同煮至一盅，去滓温服。（《十便》）
疗产后中风口噤，牙关紧急，手足 ，如角弓状，愈风散。亦治血晕，四肢强直，不省人事，或筑心眼
倒，吐泻欲死。（出《华佗方》，《百问》、《经验》、《产宝》、《陈氏》、《本事》同。）
荆芥（略焙为末）
上每服三钱，豆淋酒调下，用童子小便亦可，其效如神。口噤者灌，齿断噤者吹鼻中，皆效。（《妇人良
方》）
庐江刘宝治 良方，归荆汤，治风 昏迷，吐沫抽掣。脊背强直，产后中 通用。
当归 荆芥穗
上等分末之，每二钱，水一盏，酒少许，煎七分灌下。如牙紧，用铜匙斡，以鸡羽蘸药入口。或用童尿调
下，或以芎 代当归亦妙。（《直指》）（按∶以上四方，考其证候，并似刚痉之治。）
妇人新产之后，忽然手足牵搐，口眼 斜，头摇项强，甚则角弓反张，人以为产后惊风，谁知是亡血过多
而成痉乎。方用救产止痉汤，人参五钱，当归一两，川芎三钱，荆芥炒黑一钱，水煎服。一剂病轻，二剂又轻
，三剂全愈。（《辨证录》）（按∶此盖属柔痉。）
血虚之人发 ，或反张，或只手足搐搦，或但左手足动摇，以大秦艽汤主之。（《原病集》）（方见《中
风》中，此亦柔 之属）
敛液诸方 桂枝加附子汤， 之见证，虽又甚焉，亦理之相似者也。（《溯源集》）
芍药甘草附子汤，治疮家发汗成痉。（《医通》）（按∶此与破伤风不同。）
人参建中汤，治痉证多汗者，即小建中汤加人参二两。（《景岳》）
攻里方 治伤寒刚 ，壮热头痛，筋脉不能舒展，犀角大黄散方。
犀角（镑） 大黄（锉炒各一两） 芎 （半两） 石膏（二两） 牛黄（研半分）
上五味，捣罗四味为散，入牛黄同研令匀，每服一钱匕，不拘时，煎淡竹叶汤调下。（《圣济》）
防风（五两） 当归 芍药 人参 甘草 干姜（各二两） 独活 葛根（各五两）
以上八味药材，切碎，用水九升，煎煮至三升，滤去药渣，分三次服用，每日三次。（同上）（按语：这些方剂都足以治疗男性患者，因此列于此。另外，当归汤、甘草汤中都含有麻黄，似乎适用于刚痉（表现为项背强直、无汗的痉挛证），而防风汤明显是用于治疗柔痉（表现为汗出、恶风的痉挛证）。）
治疗伤寒引起的阴痉（指寒邪内盛或阳气虚衰导致的痉挛，常伴手足厥冷），症状为手足冰冷，筋脉拘挛抽搐，汗出不止，适宜服用白术散方。
白术 桂心 附子 防风 川芎 甘草（以上各三分）
将上述药材捣碎过筛制成散剂，每次服用四钱，用水一中盏，加入生姜半分，大枣三枚，煎煮至五分水量，滤去药渣，不拘时候热服。
（《太平圣惠方》）《圣济总录》治疗伤寒柔痉，手足逆冷，筋脉拘急，汗出不止，使用附子白术汤，即在原方基础上去掉防风、甘草，加入独活。（《类证活人书》中称为附术散。）
《肘后备急方》治疗中风，无论男女，若出现中风脊背紧急，身体僵硬如弓形，使用紫汤方。
鸡屎（二升） 大豆（一升） 防风（三两，切碎）
以上三味，用水三升，先煎煮防风取三合汁液；将大豆和鸡屎在铁器中炒至黄赤色，用酒二升淋浇，滤去药渣，然后用防风汁调和，分为两次服用。两次服药间隔时间相当于人行走六七里的路程，服药后覆盖衣被取汗，注意避风。（《外台秘要》引自《肘后方》）
治疗产后各种疾病，以及中风痱（肢体萎废不用）、痉证。（按语：《外台秘要》引用《短剧方》作“妇人产后中风困笃”，即妇人产后中风病情危重），或者背部强直、口噤不开，或者只是烦热苦渴，或者头身沉重，或者身体瘙痒，严重的呕吐逆气、直视不瞬，这些都是因为虚、风、冷、湿及劳伤所致，使用大豆紫汤方。
大豆（五升） 清酒（一斗）
以上两味，用铁锅猛火熬大豆，令其极热并冒出焦烟，用酒浇灌，滤去药渣，每次服用一升，日夜多次服用。药服完后，再重新配制，微微出汗即可痊愈。一是为了祛风，二是为了消散血结。（《千金要方》）崔氏说：如果是中风口噤，加入鸡屎白二升和大豆一起熬制效果更好。（《外台秘要》）（还有类似的方剂数首，此处不收录。）《指迷方》中的荆芥豆淋酒，治疗风痉。荆芥穗四两，大豆半升炒至冒烟，用好酒一升浇灌，去掉大豆不用。另用水三升，连同酒一起煎煮至一盅，滤去药渣温服。（《十便良方》）
治疗产后中风口噤，牙关紧急，手足拘挛，像角弓反张一样，使用愈风散。也治疗血晕，四肢强直，不省人事，或者眼球上翻，吐泻欲死。（出自《华佗方》，《百问方》、《经验方》、《产宝》、《陈氏方》、《本事方》记载相同。）
荆芥（略焙干研为末）
每次服用三钱，用豆淋酒调服，也可以用童子小便调服，效果神奇。对于口噤不能开口者，灌服；牙齿断裂紧闭者，吹入鼻中，均有效。（《妇人大全良方》）
庐江刘宝治疗的良方，归荆汤，治疗风痉昏迷，吐沫抽掣。脊背强直，产后中风通用。
当归 荆芥穗
以上等分研末，每次二钱，用水一盏，少许酒，煎至七分，灌服。如果牙关紧闭，用铜匙撬开，用鸡毛蘸药入口。或者用童尿调服，或者用川芎代替当归也很好。（《直指方》）（按语：以上四个方剂，考证其证候，都类似于刚痉的治疗方法。）
妇女新产之后，忽然手足牵拉抽搐，口眼歪斜，头摇项强，甚至角弓反张，人们以为是产后惊风，谁知道这是亡血过多而形成的痉证呢。方用救产止痉汤，人参五钱，当归一两，川芎三钱，荆芥炒黑一钱，水煎服。一剂病轻，二剂更轻，三剂全愈。（《辨证录》）（按语：这大概属于柔痉。）
血虚之人发生风痉，或者角弓反张，或者只是手足搐搦，或者只是左手足动摇，以大秦艽汤为主治。（《原病集》）（方剂见《中风》篇中，这也属于柔痉范畴）
敛液诸方 桂枝加附子汤，对于汗出的见证，虽然程度更甚，但道理也是相似的。（《溯源集》）
芍药甘草附子汤，治疗疮家发汗后成痉。（《医宗金鉴·医学入门》/《医通》）（按语：这与破伤风不同。）
人参建中汤，治疗痉证多汗者，即小建中汤加人参二两。（《景岳全书》）
攻里方 治疗伤寒刚痉，壮热头痛，筋脉不能舒展，使用犀角大黄散方。
犀角（镑片） 大黄（锉碎炒制，各一两） 川芎（半两） 石膏（二两） 牛黄（研细，半分）
以上五味，将除牛黄外的四味捣罗为散，加入牛黄同研均匀，每次服用一钱匕，不拘时候，用淡竹叶汤煎服调下。（《圣济总录》）
Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae, five liang), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra or Radix Paeoniae Alba), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis, two liang each), Duhuo (Radix Angelicae Pubescentis), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, five liang each).
The above eight herbs are cut into small pieces, decocted in nine sheng of water until three sheng remain, the dregs are filtered out, and the liquid is divided into three doses to be taken orally three times a day. (Ibid.) [Note: These formulas are all sufficient for treating male patients, hence listed here. Furthermore, Danggui Tang and Gancao Tang both contain Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), which seems suitable for Gangjing (Stiff Spasm characterized by stiffness, rigidity, and absence of sweating), whereas Fangfeng Tang is clearly intended for Roujing (Flaccid Spasm characterized by sweating and aversion to wind).]
For Yin Jing (Spasm caused by cold pathogen or yang deficiency, often accompanied by cold extremities) due to Shanghan (Cold Damage), with symptoms of cold hands and feet, muscle spasms and convulsions, and incessant sweating, Baizhu San (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Powder) is indicated.
Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi), Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (each three fen).
The above herbs are crushed and sifted to make a powder. Each dose is four qian, decocted in one zhong of water with half a fen of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and three dates (Jujubae Fructus) until the volume reduces to five fen. The dregs are removed, and it is taken hot at any time.
(Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang / Imperial Grace Formulary of the Taiping Era) Shengji Zonglu (General Records of Holy Relief) treats Roujing (Flaccid Spasm) due to Shanghan, with cold extremities, muscle spasms, and incessant sweating, using Fuzi Baizhu Tang (Aconite and Atractylodes Decoction). This formula removes Fangfeng and Gancao from the original prescription and adds Duhuo. (Known as Fushu San in Lei Zheng Huo Ren Shu / Classification of Patterns and Efficacious Prescriptions for Saving Lives.)
Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang (Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies) treats Zhong Feng (Wind Strike), regardless of gender, presenting with spinal stiffness and body rigidity resembling a bow, using Zi Tang (Purple Decoction).
Jishi (Gallus gallus domesticus excrement, two sheng), Dadou (Sojae Semen Glycines, one sheng), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae, three liang, cut).
The above three ingredients are decocted in three sheng of water. First, decoct Fangfeng to obtain three he of juice. Stir-fry Dadou and Jishi in an iron vessel until they turn yellowish-red. Pour two sheng of Jiu (Alcohol/Wine) over them, filter out the dregs, then mix with the Fangfeng juice. Divide into two doses. The interval between doses should be equivalent to walking six or seven li. After taking the medicine, cover with clothing to induce sweating, avoiding wind exposure. (Wai Tai Mi Yao / Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Every Emergency)
Treat various postpartum diseases, as well as Zhong Feng Fei (Wind Strike with flaccidity/paralysis) and Jing Zheng (Spasm). [Note: Wai Tai Mi Yao cites Duan Ju Fang as "postpartum wind strike with severe debility" in women], or back stiffness and trismus (lockjaw), or merely irritability, heat, and bitter thirst, or heaviness of head and body, or pruritus, and in severe cases, vomiting, regurgitation, and fixed gaze. These are all caused by deficiency, wind, cold, dampness, and overexertion. Use Dadou Zi Tang (Soybean Purple Decoction).
Dadou (Sojae Semen Glycines, five sheng), Qing Jiu (Clear Wine, one dou).
The above two ingredients are stir-fried in an iron cauldron over high heat until extremely hot and emitting charred smoke. Pour wine over them, filter out the dregs, and take one sheng per dose, multiple times throughout day and night. When the course is finished, prepare another batch. Slight sweating indicates recovery. The first purpose is to dispel wind; the second is to resolve blood stasis. (Qian Jin Yao Fang / Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) Cui Shi stated: For wind strike with trismus, adding Er Li Bai (White part of Gallus gallus domesticus excrement, two sheng) and stir-frying with soybeans yields better results. (Wai Tai Mi Yao) (Several similar formulas exist but are not recorded here.) Zhi Mi Fang's Jingjie Dou Lin Jiu (Schizonepeta and Soybean Dripping Wine) treats Feng Jing (Wind Spasm). Jingjie Sui (Cacumen Schizonepetae, four liang) and Dadou (Sojae Semen Glycines, half sheng) are stir-fried until smoking. Soak in one sheng of good wine, remove the soybeans. Boil with three sheng of water and the wine together until reduced to one zhong. Filter and take warm. (Shi Bian Liang Fang / Ten Convenient Good Prescriptions)
Treat postpartum wind strike with trismus, tight jaw, limb spasms, and opisthotonos (body arched like a bow), using Yufeng San (Wind-Dispelling Powder). It also treats Xue Yun (Blood Syncope), rigid limbs, unconsciousness, upward rolling of eyes, and fatal vomiting/diarrhea. (From Hua Tuo Fang, also found in Bai Wen Fang, Jing Yan Fang, Chan Bao, Chen Shi Fang, and Ben Shi Fang.)
Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, lightly roasted and powdered).
Each dose is three qian, taken with Dou Lin Jiu (Soybean Dripping Wine). Tong Zi Xiao Nian (Child's Urine) can also be used, with miraculous efficacy. For trismus, administer via gavage; for broken teeth and locked jaw, insufflate into the nose. Both are effective. (Fu Ren Da Quan Liang Fang / Great Complete Good Prescriptions for Women)
Liu Bao of Lu Jiang's excellent prescription, Gui Jing Tang (Angelica and Schizonepeta Decoction), treats wind spasm with coma, foaming at the mouth, and convulsions. It is universally applicable for postpartum wind strike with stiff back.
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Jingjie Sui (Cacumen Schizonepetae).
Grind equal parts into powder. Each dose is two qian, decocted in one zhong of water with a little wine until reduced to seven tenths, then administered. If the jaw is tightly closed, pry it open with a copper spoon and apply the medicine to the mouth with a chicken feather. Alternatively, take with child's urine, or substitute Danggui with Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong), which is also excellent. (Zhi Zhi Fang / Direct Reference Prescriptions) [Note: Examining the syndromes of the above four formulas, they all resemble treatments for Gangjing (Stiff Spasm).]
After childbirth, if a woman suddenly experiences limb twitching and convulsions, deviation of the mouth and eyes, head shaking, neck stiffness, and even opisthotonos, people assume it is postpartum convulsion (Jing Feng). However, who knows that this is actually Jing Zheng (Spasm) caused by excessive loss of blood? Use Jiu Chan Zhi Jing Tang (Rescue Child and Stop Spasm Decoction): Renshen (Radix Ginseng, five qian), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, one liang), Chuanxiong (Radix Chuanxiong, three qian), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, blackened by stir-frying, one qian). Decoct in water and take orally. One dose alleviates the condition, two doses further alleviate it, and three doses result in complete recovery. (Bian Zheng Lu / Record of Pattern Differentiation) [Note: This likely belongs to Roujing (Flaccid Spasm).]
In individuals with Blood Deficiency, if Feng Jing (Wind Spasm) occurs, manifesting as opisthotonos, or merely limb convulsions, or only tremors in the left hand and foot, treat primarily with Da Qin Jiao Tang (Large Gentiana and Lightfoot Rhizome Decoction). (Yuan Bing Ji / Collection of Original Disease Causes) (The formula is seen in the Zhong Feng chapter; this also belongs to the category of Roujing (Flaccid Spasm).)
Formulas for Astringing Fluids: Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Prepared Aconite Root) addresses sweating syndromes. Although the presentation may be more severe, the underlying principle is similar. (Su Yuan Ji / Collection of Origins)
Shaoyao Gancao Fuzi Tang (Peony, Licorice, and Aconite Decoction) treats spasm resulting from sweating in patients with sores/wounds. (Yi Tong / Medical Generalities) [Note: This is different from Po Shang Feng (Traumatic Tetanus).]
Renshen Jianzhong Tang (Ginseng and Middle-Building Decoction) treats spasm syndrome with profuse sweating. It is Xiao Jianzhong Tang (Minor Middle-Building Decoction) plus two liang of Renshen. (Jing Yue Quan Shu / Complete Works of Zhang Jingyue)
Formulas for Attacking the Interior: Treat Gangjing (Stiff Spasm) due to Shanghan, with high fever, headache, and inability of sinews and vessels to relax, using Xi Jiao Da Huang San (Rhinoceros Horn and Rhubarb Powder).
Xi Jiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, shaved), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, crushed and stir-fried, one liang each), Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong, half liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, two liang), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis, finely ground, half fen).
The above five herbs: grind the four (excluding Niuhuang) into a powder, mix evenly with Niuhuang. Each dose is one qian bi (a measure roughly equivalent to a pinch), taken at any time, mixed with Dan Zhu Ye Tang (Lophatherum Decoction). (Sheng Ji Zong Lu / General Records of Holy Relief)