上捣罗研，以蜜和丸，如梧桐子大，每日空腹以生姜汤下十丸，加至二十丸。一云，水飞，丸如绿豆大，令
干，以布揩令光净，空腹津吞十丸，仍先以巴豆一枚去皮，勿令破，津吞之后服药。（《圣惠》）《按∶《千金
翼》治痰饮盛，吐水无时节，赤石脂为散，服方寸匕，日三，酒饮并可下之，即此方所本。又《寓意草》治膈气
危证，用煎人参汤，调赤石脂末。又以赤石脂，用六君子汤加旋复花煎调。喻氏所谓膈气，即吐逆证，宜考。又
宜参前门吐清水。）
治脏腑久积虚冷，反胃呕哕，宜服此方。
白矾 黄丹（各二两） 硫黄（一两）
上先将白矾、黄丹入于坩锅内，以炭火半秤烧通赤，任
火自消，取出于湿地出火毒两日，入硫黄同细研为末，以粟米饭和丸，如绿豆大，以粥饮下二十丸。（《圣
惠》）《本事续集》去硫黄。治胃虚胀，其气上逆，食已反出，矾石丸，白矾三两烧，细研，以研饭为丸，如
梧子，每空心米饮下十五丸。（《圣济》）
治翻胃方。
锻石（不计多少，水浸七日，每日换水，去尽苦水，焙干，一两。） 姜制半夏（一两） 丁香（一分）
茯苓（一两）
上并细末和匀，每用五钱，别作粥，粥熟抄药在内搅匀，一、二服立止。（《方氏》）
治男女久患冷 翻胃，口吐清水，遍身虚肿，胸腹胀满，上气喘急，及冷气筑心，面色萎黄，不进饮食。
真针砂（一斤先淘去赤水令清了却以米醋煮炒红色） 苍术（半斤炒赤） 陈皮（去白） 干姜（炮各五两）
上为末，以蒸饼糊丸，如梧子大，空心温酒送下三十丸，妇人醋汤下，忌生冷毒物。（《卫生十全》）
治久患翻胃，及小儿惊吐，诸吐并医，田季散。
好硫黄（半两细研） 水银（一分与硫黄再研无星）
上同研如黑煤色，每服三钱，生姜四两取汁，酒一盏，同姜汁煎熟调药，空心服，衣被盖覆，当自足指间汗
出，迤逦遍身，汗出即瘥。（《苏沈》）
翻胃之患，皆因中脘停寒，涎饮凝滞，食入即吐，当用养正丹，以生姜、熟附各四分，丁香十粒，同煎咽下。
但丁、附性热，恐为痰饮阻隔，即蓄在上焦，反为僭燥，则于二陈汤中选药用之。（《易简》）
《明理论》理膈气反胃，诸药难瘥，朝食暮吐，食已辄出，其效神速。用硫黄半两，水银、黑锡各三钱，同于铫
内，用柳木捶研，微上火细研为炭。取后入丁香末二钱，桂末一钱，生姜末三钱，同研停匀，每二钱，黄米粥饮调
下，一服效，甚则再服，名桂香散。（《简易》）
入药灵砂，治翻胃呕吐，食饮不下。
灵砂末（一两） 丁香末 木香末 胡椒末（各半钱）
上件和匀，煮枣圈肉，杵和为丸，如绿豆大，每服五十粒，生姜米饮送下，不拘时候。（《济生续》）
（按∶《和剂》灵砂主治，有翻胃吐逆。）
绝饮用药法 反胃之疾，十有九死，非药不效，良因辄强以食，或饮以羹汤，是速其吐。今得其说，
不强以食，绝其羹汤，先投来复丹暑药，知其非伏暑证，遂投养正、灵砂之类，饥则以饭炒香干啖之，一点汤水
亦不与，三日后竟不复吐，饮食如初，方用甘蔗捣汁七升，生姜捣汁一升，打和分作二服。（《经验秘方》）
干食方，惟食干饭饼饵，尽去羹饮水浆，药亦用丸，自不反动，调理旬日奇效。有人三世死于胃反，至孙收
效此方。（《得效》）
得药不反，切不可便与粥饭及诸饮食，每日用人参五钱，陈皮二钱，作汤细啜，以扶胃气。觉稍安，渐渐加
人参（按∶《必读》作惟以人参五钱，陈皮二钱，老黄米一两，作汤细啜。《医通》作每日与独参汤，少加炒
陈米，不时煎服）。旬日半月间，方可小试陈仓米饮及糜粥。仓廪未固，不宜便贮米谷，常见即食粥饭者，遂致
不救。（《准绳》）（按∶此文本出其自制通肠丸下，然《六要》、《必读》俱为该反胃诸治者，其意为佳。）
灸法 有人久患反胃，予与镇灵丹服，更令服七气汤，遂能立食，若加以着艾，尤为佳也。有老妇人患
反胃，饮食
至晚即吐出。见其气绕脐而转，予为点水分、气海，并夹脐边两穴。既归，只灸水分、气海即愈，神效。（《资
生》）
服药未应者，宜灸中脘一穴，足三里二穴，各灸七壮或九壮，其效尤着焉。（《济生》）
将药物捣碎过筛研细，用蜂蜜调和制成丸药，大小如梧桐子。每日空腹时，用生姜汤送服十丸，逐渐增加至二十丸。另一种说法是：将药物水飞处理，制成绿豆大小的丸药，晾干后用布擦拭使其光亮洁净，空腹时用唾液吞服十丸；在此之前，先取巴豆一枚，去皮但不弄破，用唾液吞下后，再服用上述药丸。（出自《圣惠方》）按语：《千金翼方》治疗痰饮盛、呕吐清水无定时的病症，使用赤石脂研为散剂，每次服用一方寸匕，每日三次，可用酒或水送服，此法即源于本方。另外，《寓意草》治疗膈气危重证候，用人参煎汤调服赤石脂末。也有用赤石脂配合六君子汤加旋覆花煎煮调服的。喻嘉言所说的“膈气”，即是吐逆证，应当考证。同时也应参考前文关于呕吐清水的论述。）
治疗脏腑长期积滞虚冷，导致反胃呕哕，适宜服用此方。
白矾、黄丹（各二两），硫黄（一两）。
先将白矾、黄丹放入坩埚内，用炭火半秤烧至通红，任其火势自然熄灭，取出后在潮湿地面放置两天以去除火毒，再加入硫黄一同细细研磨成粉末，用粟米饭调和制成丸药，大小如绿豆，用米粥送服二十丸。（出自《圣惠方》）《本事续集》中去掉了硫黄。治疗胃虚胀满，气机上逆，食入即吐，使用矾石丸：白矾三两煅烧后细研，用研碎的米饭和丸，大小如梧桐子，每于空腹时用米汤送服十五丸。（出自《圣济总录》）
治疗翻胃的方剂。
锻石（数量不限，用水浸泡七天，每天换水，去尽苦水后焙干，用量一两）、姜制半夏（一两）、丁香（一分）、茯苓（一两）。
以上药物均研为细末并混合均匀，每次取五钱，另煮一锅粥，待粥熟后将药粉抄入粥中搅拌均匀，服用一到两次即可立即止住。（出自《方氏家藏方》）
治疗男女久患冷性翻胃，口吐清水，全身虚肿，胸腹胀满，上气喘急，以及冷气冲击心脏，面色萎黄，无法进食。
真针砂（一斤，先淘去红色污水直至清澈，然后用米醋煮炒至红色）、苍术（半斤，炒至发红）、陈皮（去白）、干姜（炮制，各五两）。
以上药物研为细末，用蒸饼糊制成丸药，大小如梧桐子，空腹时用温酒送服三十丸，妇女用醋汤送服，忌食生冷及有毒食物。（出自《卫生十全方》）
治疗久患翻胃，以及小儿惊风呕吐，各种呕吐症均可医治，名为田季散。
好硫黄（半两，细研）、水银（一分，与硫黄再次研磨至不见水银星点）。
以上药物共同研磨至黑煤色，每次服用三钱，取生姜四两榨汁，加入一盏酒，同姜汁一起煎熟调匀药粉，空腹服用，服药后用衣被覆盖身体，应当从脚趾间开始出汗，逐渐蔓延至全身，汗出后疾病即愈。（出自《苏沈良方》）
翻胃的病患，都是因为中脘部停聚寒邪，涎饮凝滞，食物进入即吐，应当使用养正丹，配合生姜、熟附子各四分，丁香十粒，共同煎煮后咽下。但是丁香、附子性质大热，恐怕会被痰饮阻隔，从而蓄积在上焦，反而导致燥热，此时应在二陈汤中选择药物使用。（出自《易简方》）
《明理论》论述膈气反胃，诸药难愈，朝食暮吐，食入即出，疗效神速。使用硫黄半两，水银、黑锡各三钱，同在铁锅中，用柳木槌研磨，微微加热细研成炭状。随后加入丁香末二钱，桂末一钱，生姜末三钱，共同研磨均匀，每次取二钱，用黄米粥汤调服，一次见效，严重时再服，名为桂香散。（出自《简易方》）
加入灵砂，治疗翻胃呕吐，饮食不下。
灵砂末（一两）、丁香末、木香末、胡椒末（各半钱）。
以上药物混合均匀，用煮枣的肉杵捣和制成丸药，大小如绿豆，每次服用五十粒，用生姜米汤送服，不拘时间。（出自《济生方续编》）
（按语：《和剂局方》中灵砂的主治功效包括翻胃吐逆。）
绝食用药法则：反胃之疾，十有九死，非药物不能生效，原因在于往往强行喂食，或用羹汤灌服，这加速了呕吐。现在得到这个方法，不强喂食物，断绝羹汤，先投服来复丹等暑药，确认不是伏暑证后，遂投服养正丹、灵砂之类，饥饿时让患者吃炒香的干饭，一点汤水也不给，三天后竟然不再呕吐，饮食恢复如初，最后才用甘蔗捣汁七升，生姜捣汁一升，混合分成两份服用。（出自《经验秘方》）
干食方，只吃干饭、饼饵，完全去掉羹汤饮水，药物也使用丸剂，自然不再反复呕吐，调理旬日可见奇效。有人家三代死于胃反，到了孙子这一代收到此方而获效。（出自《得效方》）
服药后不再呕吐，切不可立即给予粥饭及各种饮食，每日用人参五钱，陈皮二钱，煎汤细细啜饮，以扶持胃气。感觉稍安定时，渐渐增加人参（按语：《必读》作仅用人参五钱，陈皮二钱，老黄米一两，煎汤细细啜饮。《医通》作每日给予独参汤，少加炒陈米，不时煎服）。经过旬日半月时间，才可以小试陈仓米汤及糜粥。脾胃功能尚未稳固，不宜便贮存米谷，常见那些立刻吃粥饭的人，最终导致无法救治。（出自《医学入门准绳》）（按语：此文本出自作者自制的通肠丸之下，但《六要》、《必读》都将其列为反胃的各种治疗方法，其立意更佳。）
灸法：有人久患反胃，我给他服用镇灵丹，又令其服用七气汤，于是能够立即进食，如果再加以艾灸，效果更佳。有一位老妇人患反胃，饮食到晚上就吐出。看到她的气绕脐转动，我为她针刺水分穴、气海穴，以及夹脐边的两个穴位。回家后，只灸水分、气海两穴即痊愈，神效。（出自《资生经》）
Crush the herbs, sift, and grind them into a fine powder. Mix with honey to form pills the size of *Soporus* seeds (*Wutongzi*). Take ten pills on an empty stomach daily, gradually increasing to twenty pills. Another method: process the herbs by water flotation (*Shuifei*), form pills the size of mung beans, dry them, and rub them with cloth until smooth and clean. Swallow ten pills with saliva on an empty stomach. Prior to taking these pills, first swallow one peeled bean of *Crotonis Fructus* (Bdudou, 巴豆) without breaking it, using saliva, then take the medicinal pills. (From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*) Note: *Qianjin Yifang* treats severe phlegm-fluid retention with frequent vomiting of water by administering *Hematitum* (Chishizhi, 赤石脂) as a powder, one *cun* spoonful per dose, three times daily, taken with wine or water; this approach is based on the present formula. Additionally, *Yuyi Cao* treats critical cases of diaphragmatic qi stagnation using ginseng decoction to mix with *Hematitum* powder. There are also cases using *Hematitum* combined with *Liujunzi Tang* (Six Gentlemen Decoction) plus *Inulae Flos* (Xuanjinfhua, 旋覆花). Yu Jia Yan's term "diaphragmatic qi" refers to retching and vomiting syndromes, which should be verified. Also refer to the previous discussion on vomiting clear fluid.)
For chronic deficiency-cold accumulation in the zang-fu organs leading to regurgitation and hiccups, this formula is suitable.
*Bai Fan* (Alumen, 白矾), *Huang Dan* (Lithargyrum, 黄丹) (each two liang); *Liu Huang* (Sulfur, 硫黄) (one liang).
First, place *Bai Fan* and *Huang Dan* in a crucible and roast over charcoal fire (half a sheng) until red-hot. Allow the fire to extinguish naturally. Remove and place on moist ground for two days to eliminate fire toxicity. Add *Liu Huang* and grind finely together. Mix with millet rice paste to form pills the size of mung beans. Take twenty pills with rice gruel. (From *Taiping Shenghui Fang*) *Ben Shi Xu Ji* omits *Liu Huang*. To treat stomach deficiency with distension, rebellious qi, and food regurgitation, use *Fanshi Wan*: Roast three liang of *Bai Fan*, grind finely, and mix with mashed rice to form pills the size of *Soporus* seeds. Take fifteen pills on an empty stomach with rice drink. (From *Shengji Zonglu*)
Formula for treating fanwei (regurgitation).
*Duan Shi* (Calcined Stone, amount unspecified; soak in water for seven days, changing water daily until bitter water is removed, then dry-roast, use one liang); Ginger-processed *Banxia* (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 半夏) (one liang); *Dingxiang* (Caryophylli Flos, 丁香) (one fen); *Fuling* (Poria, 茯苓) (one liang).
Grind all ingredients into fine powder and mix evenly. Use five qian per dose. Prepare a separate porridge; when cooked, add the powder and stir well. One or two doses will stop symptoms immediately. (From *Fangshi Fang*)
For men and women suffering from chronic cold-type fanwei, vomiting clear fluid, generalized edema, chest and abdominal fullness, rapid upper jiao breathing, cold qi striking the heart, sallow complexion, and inability to eat.
*Zhen Zhensha* (Magnetitum prepared with vinegar, one jin; first wash away red turbid water until clear, then boil and stir-fry with rice vinegar until red); *Cangzhu* (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 苍术) (half jin, stir-fried until red); *Chenpi* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 陈皮) (peeled); *Ganjiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 干姜) (processed, each five liang).
Grind into powder. Form pills with steamed cake paste, size of *Soporus* seeds. Take thirty pills on an empty stomach with warm wine. Women take with vinegar soup. Avoid raw, cold, and toxic foods. (From *Weisheng Shiquan Fang*)
For chronic fanwei and infantile convulsive vomiting, applicable to various vomiting conditions, named Tianji San.
Good quality *Liu Huang* (Sulfur, 硫黄) (half liang, finely ground); *Shuiyin* (Hydrargyrum, 水银) (one fen, re-grind with sulfur until no mercury stars remain).
Grind together until black like coal. Take three qian per dose. Extract juice from four liang of ginger, add one zhan of wine, and simmer with the ginger juice. Mix with the medicine and take on an empty stomach. Cover with blankets; sweating should start from the toes and spread throughout the body. Recovery occurs upon sweating. (From *Su Shen Liang Fang*)
Fanwei arises from cold stagnation in the Zhongwan region, with congealed salivary fluids causing immediate vomiting after eating. Use *Yangzheng Dan* (Nourishing Righteousness Pill) decocted with four fen of ginger and processed *Fuzi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 附子), and ten *Dingxiang* (Caryophylli Flos, 丁香). However, since Dingxiang and Fuzi are hot in nature, they may be blocked by phlegm-fluids and accumulate in the upper jiao, causing excessive dryness. In such cases, select herbs from *Erchen Tang* (Two Aged Herbs Decoction). (From *Yijian Fang*)
*Mingli Lun* discusses diaphragmatic qi and fanwei, where many drugs fail, characterized by morning food vomited in the evening. Efficacy is swift. Use half liang of *Liu Huang* (Sulfur, 硫黄), three qian of *Shuiyin* (Hydrargyrum, 水银), and three qian of *Heixi* (Stibnite, 黑锡). Grind in a pot with a willow wood pestle, apply slight heat, and grind finely into carbon-like powder. Then add two qian of *Dingxiang* (Caryophylli Flos, 丁香) powder, one qian of *Guizhi* (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 桂枝) powder, and three qian of fresh ginger powder. Mix evenly. Take two qian mixed with yellow millet gruel. Effective after one dose; repeat if severe. Named Guixiang San. (From *Jiayi Fang*)
Add *Lingsha* (Cinnabar processed with sulfur, 灵砂) to treat fanwei and vomiting, inability to ingest food or drink.
*Lingsha* powder (one liang); *Dingxiang* (Caryophylli Flos, 丁香) powder; *Muxiang* (Aucklandiae Radix, 木香) powder; *Hujiao* (Piperis Longi Fructus, 胡椒) powder (each half qian).
Mix evenly. Mash the flesh of boiled dates and combine with the powder to form pills the size of mung beans. Take fifty pills per dose with ginger-rice drink, at any time. (From *Jisheng Fang Xu Bian*)
(Note: *Heji Ju Fang* lists fanwei and retching among the indications for Lingsha.)
Method of fasting and medication: Fanwei has a high mortality rate; only drugs are effective. The error lies in forcing food or broth, which accelerates vomiting. The correct method is to force-feed nothing and cut off all broths. First administer *Laifu Dan* (Restoring Return Pill) or summer-cooling drugs. If not a latent summerheat syndrome, administer *Yangzheng Dan* or *Lingsha*. When hungry, let the patient eat dry, roasted fragrant rice; give not a drop of liquid. After three days, vomiting ceases, and diet returns to normal. Finally, use seven sheng of sugarcane juice mixed with one sheng of ginger juice, divided into two doses. (From *Jingyan Mifang*)
Dry food prescription: Eat only dry rice and cakes. Eliminate all broths and drinks. Use pill-form medicines to prevent recurrence. Remarkable effects appear after ten days of regulation. Three generations of one family died of fanwei; the grandson recovered using this formula. (From *Defang*)
Once vomiting stops after medication, do not immediately provide porridge, rice, or other foods. Daily, decoct five qian of *Renshen* (Ginseng Radix, 人参) and two qian of *Chenpi* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 陈皮) and sip slowly to support stomach qi. Once stabilized, gradually increase *Renshen* (Note: *Bidu* suggests only five qian Renshen, two qian Chenpi, and one liang old yellow rice; *Yitong* suggests daily Dushen Tang [Single Ginseng Decoction] with a little fried aged rice, brewed intermittently). After ten days to half a month, cautiously try aged warehouse rice drink and thin porridge. Until the spleen-stomach is solid, do not store grains. Commonly, those who resume eating porridge/rice immediately fail to recover. (From *Zhunsuo*) (Note: This text originally appeared under the author's self-made Tongchang Wan, but *Liuyao* and *Bidu* list it among fanwei treatments, which is a superior approach.)
Moxibustion method: For chronic fanwei, I prescribed *Zhenling Dan* and *Qi Qi Tang*, enabling immediate eating. Adding moxibustion is even better. An elderly woman suffered fanwei, vomiting dinner. Observing qi rotating around the navel, I punctured Shuifen (Water Division, 水分), Qihai (Sea of Qi, 气海), and two points flanking the navel. Upon returning home, she only moxa-ed Shuifen and Qihai and was cured, with miraculous effect. (From *Zisheng Jing*)
If medication fails, moxa Zhongwan (Conception Vessel 12, 中脘) once, and Zusanli (Stomach 36, 足三里) twice, seven or nine moxa cones per point, for particularly evident effects. (From *Jisheng Fang*)