(2)茯苓四逆汤：此治阳虚、气虚兼有水邪，四肢厥逆，烦躁之方。
猪肤汤方第八十九
[方义]
此治咽痛兼下利，养阴润燥和中、止痛止利之方。
[主治]
咽喉疼痛下利。但须具有心烦咽燥、脉细数等表现。
[药品]
猪肤四两 白蜜三钱 米粉四钱(炒熟)
[煎服法]
水六茶杯，煎至两茶杯，去滓，人白蜜、米粉，分两三次服之。
[用药大意]
猪肤、白蜜养阴润燥，以治咽痛心烦；米粉和中而止利。
[禁忌证]
兼外感证者，有痰证者，咽不干燥、脉不数者，手冷、脉微细者，均不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
通脉四逆汤：此治真寒假热，咽痛下利之方。
桔梗汤方第九十
[方义]
此祛痰排脓，清热解毒，治咽喉肿痛之方。
[主治]
咽喉肿痛有痰涎者，或喉痈脓成将溃时期，用之有效。
[药品]
桔梗三钱至一两 甘草五钱至一两
[煎服法]
水二茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
桔梗消炎，祛痰排脓，甘草清热解毒。
按：此方一般咽痛初起时都宜随时取用。喉痈化脓将溃时，桔梗大量用之，有开破之效。
[禁忌证]
喉痛兼有发热恶风寒之表证，或兼有口苦喜冷之火证，不宜单纯使用本方。因药力较轻不能胜重任。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)养阴清肺汤：此治阴虚咽喉干痛夜间较重之方。
(2)普济消毒饮、银翘散加马勃板蓝根汤：此都是治温热咽喉疼痛之方。
苦酒汤方第九十一
[方义]
此清热祛痰，消肿解毒，治咽喉疼痛之方。
[主治]
少阴病，咽中伤，生疮，不能语言，声不出之证。
按：此少阴病不是脉微细、但欲寐之证，乃专指邪热侵入咽喉之证而言，因咽喉系少阴经脉之所过也。此方对于一般热性咽喉红肿疼痛，有痰有热者都有效。
[药品]
生半夏一枚(研) 苦酒(醋)一酒盅 鸡子一枚(去黄留白)
[煎服法]
将半夏和醋放入鸡蛋壳内，用铁丝做成一个环，把鸡蛋壳放在环上，用火煎三沸，取起稍冷，少少含咽之。用砂锅煎之也可。
[用药大意]
半夏消肿去痰，开发声音；鸡子清、苦酒清热解毒，而治肿痛。
[禁忌证]
(1)咽喉干痛者不可用。因此为阴虚喉痛。
(2)少阴寒证喉痛不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)桔梗汤：此清热消肿，治咽痛之方(但解毒力较差)。
(2)养阴清肺汤：此治阴虚咽喉干痛之方。
(3)通脉四逆汤：此治少阴寒证喉痛之方。
半夏散及半夏汤方第九十二
[方义]
此散风寒、祛痰止痛之方。
[主治]
咽喉疼痛，必须具有外感风寒表证现象，兼有痰涎、不喜冷性饮食等症。
[药品]
半夏 桂枝 生甘草各等份
[制服法]
三味共研细末，每服一钱，开水送下。不能服散者，用水一茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓，小冷，少少咽之。
[用药大意]
半夏去痰，桂枝散风寒，生甘草清火止痛。
[禁忌证]
有喜冷证者忌之，喉干无痰者也忌之。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)甘草汤：此清热，缓解咽喉疼痛之方。
(2)桔梗汤：此祛痰清热，解毒排脓，治咽喉疼痛之方。
(3)苦酒汤：此治咽喉肿痛有痰有热之方。
(4)猪肤汤：此喉中干燥无痰兼下利之方。
白通汤方第九十三
[方义]
此温中回阳，散寒止利，兼治头痛之方。
[主治]
少阴病下利厥逆，脉微头痛。但必须是寒邪直中之急性证，具有不喜冷性饮食及舌白而滑之表现。
[药品]
葱白一至二钱 干姜二至三钱 附子二至三钱
[煎服法]
水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
姜、附回阳以止利，葱白通阳以治头痛。
[禁忌证]
没有头痛者不可用葱白；慢性下利较重者也不宜用，因葱白性散，防止虚脱也。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)四逆加人参汤：此治阳虚兼气虚之方。
(2)附子汤：此回阳补气、利水养阴之方。
(3)真武汤、茯苓四逆汤：此都是回阳止利之方。
白通加猪胆汁汤方第九十四
[方义]
此治阴盛格阳，热因寒用之方。
[主治]
少阴病，下利脉微，服白通汤后，利仍未止，反发现厥逆无脉，干呕烦躁之证。此阴盛格阳也，但必须是寒邪直中之急性证方宜。
[药品]
葱白一至二钱 干姜二至三钱 附子二至三钱 童便半杯 猪胆汁半枚至一枚 按：本方加人参更效。 [煎服法] 水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓，加入童便、猪胆汁温服。
[用药大意]
姜、附回阳止痢，葱白通阳治头痛，童便、猪胆汁救液消除烦躁。
[禁忌证]
无烦躁证不可用，因不是童便、胆汁的适应证；慢性者也不宜用。因葱白性散，恐致虚脱也。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)白通汤：此温中回阳，止利之方。
(2)通脉四逆加猪胆汁汤：此亦回阳救液之方。
真武汤方第九十五
[方义]
此补阳利水之方。
按：此方有人认为是强心利尿的方剂，我认为该提法不妥。这种心不强，是由于阳虚形成的，而不是由于阴虚、气虚、血虚形成的，此其一；在阳虚方面，也是兼有水气的心不强，而不是单纯的阳虚心不强，此其二。不然的话，四逆汤、四逆加人参汤、独参汤等治证都是心不强，为什么不用本方强心利尿，而要分别使用上述诸方呢?
[主治]
少阴病，阳虚水邪不化，或气喘不得卧，或咳嗽，或头眩，或肿满下利，以及热性病服清凉药后其病不解，或神昏谵妄，或斑点隐隐等证。但必须具有小便不利，或小便不多。或腹中有水声及不喜冷性饮食，脉沉而微。
按：此证有时从表面上看去，好象是有恶热的热证现象，但细加诊察，其脉沉细而微，四肢厥逆，舌润不燥，这是真寒假热现象。
[药品]
茯苓二至三钱 生杭芍二至三钱 生姜一至二钱 生白术二至三钱 附子二至三钱
[加减法]
咳者加五味子、细辛、干姜；小便利者去茯苓；下利者去芍药加干姜；呕者去附子加生姜。
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
白术、茯苓利水补脾；生姜辛温暖胃散寒；附子回阳以助水气之吸收；芍药护阴以防辛热之劫液，或影响肝脏也。
[禁忌证]
凡是喜冷，口渴舌燥，及无水气证者，均忌之。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)五苓散：此是治寒性蓄水之方。
(2)猪苓汤：此是治热性蓄水之方。
(3)茯苓甘草汤：此是温散利水之方。
(4)茯苓四逆汤：此是治阳虚气虚兼水气之方。
(5)桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤：此治太阳病偏重利水之方。
(6)十枣汤：此是逐水之峻剂。
乌梅丸方第九十六
[方义]
此治厥阴病，调和寒热之主方。
按：祝味菊氏认为，此方不是治厥阴病之主方，而是治蛔厥之主方。根据实践，此方不但对蛔厥有效，而且对于厥阴病主证，如提纲所指出的证候，尤有特殊效果。
[主治]
厥阴病，消渴，气上冲胸，心中疼热，饥不能食，食则吐蛔，下之利不止；蛔厥(包括肠寄生虫病)；久利等。但必须具有寒热夹杂或上热下寒，寒证较多，脉象微弱。
[药品]
乌梅三十枚 细辛六钱 干姜一两 黄连一两六钱 当归四钱 附子六钱 蜀椒四钱(炒出汗) 桂枝六钱 人参六钱 黄柏六钱
[制服法]
先将乌梅用醋浸一夜，去核置二两小米下蒸之，以米熟为度。去米同诸药焙干研为细末，蜜丸如梧子大。每服三钱，空心米汤送下，忌生冷滑物臭食。
[用药大意]
附、姜、桂、辛、椒辛温祛寒；黄连、黄柏苦寒清热；人参、当归以补气血之虚；乌梅酸收，以敛厥阴之气。乌梅蒸于米下，和丸调以蜂蜜，服丸送以米饮，皆意在和中。总之，此方酸苦辛温，寒热并用，为治厥阴阴阳错杂、寒热混淆之主剂。
[禁忌证]
凡单纯寒证或单纯热证之消渴，气上冲，吐蛔，久利等，均不可服。证虽寒热夹杂，但热证偏盛者，亦须适当加减，不可照原方服，因方中热药较多故也。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)生姜、半夏、甘草三泻心汤：此三方虽皆系治寒、热、虚三方面夹杂之剂，但重点都在心下痞满一证。
(2)椒梅汤：此系治暑邪深入厥阴寒热夹杂之方剂。
(3)黄连汤：此系治上热下寒、呕吐腹痛之方。
干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方第九十七
[方义]
此清热止吐，补虚开格，寒因热用之方。
[主治]
呕吐不止，饮食药品不能下咽。但必须具有口苦、喜冷的热证现象和脉虚的虚证现象，而且单用芩、连一类的寒性止吐药品完全不受。
按：呕吐不只一证，胃气已伤，是须兼用人参温补的主证，但脉不虚者，仍有所顾虑，必兼见脉虚，在使用上方更为准确。
[药品]
干姜 黄芩 黄连 人参各等分(一钱至二钱半)
[煎服法]
水一茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服，徐徐服，一次服一口，后稍停，不吐时继续再服。如仍吐时，当减其量，或温饮之，以不吐为度。
[用药大意]
芩、连苦寒以泻胃热，人参甘温以补胃虚，干姜辛温以开寒格。
[禁忌证]
喜热性饮食之吐证忌之。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)大黄甘草汤：此治食已即吐之方。
(2)连理汤：此治虚寒性呕吐，服温性药格拒不下，热因寒用之方。
白头翁汤方第九十八
[方义]
此治热性痢疾之方。
按：凡是痢疾，都是由于湿热形成的，所谓热性者，指热胜于湿而言，非单纯的热证。
[主治]
大便赤痢，里急后重。但必须具有喜冷恶热或渴欲饮水等热证现象。
[药品]
白头翁一至三钱 黄连一至三钱 黄柏一至三钱 秦皮一至二钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至一茶杯，去滓温服，不愈更服。
[用药大意]
白头翁治肠之湿热；秦皮清肠胃兼肝经之湿热；黄连、黄柏清肠胃兼肾经之湿热。湿热去而痢白止矣。
[禁忌证]
(1)不喜冷性饮食者不宜用。
(2)喜冷性饮食，但兼有外感发热恶寒之表证者不可用。
(3)白痢不宜用。因系湿胜于热偏于气分之热证也．，
[类似方剂参考]
白头翁加阿胶甘草汤：此《金匮要略》治产后痢疾之方。
黄芩汤方第九十九
[方义]
此清热燥湿、止痛止利之方。
[主治]
泄泻或痢疾。但必须具有口苦、喜冷等热证现象。
[药品]
黄芩二至三钱 甘草一至二钱 生杭芍三至五钱 大枣二至四枚
[加减法]
兼呕者，加半夏、生姜，名黄芩加半夏生姜汤。
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
黄芩苦寒，清热燥湿以止泻痢；芍药逐血痹以治腹痛；甘草、大枣和中缓急，兼理肠胃之虚。
[禁忌证]
一切喜热性饮食的寒证泻痢绝对禁用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)葛根芩连汤：此治兼有表证之热性泄泻下利的方剂。
(2)仓廪汤：此治兼有太阳少阳表证之下利的方剂。
黄芩加半夏生姜汤方第一百
[方义]
此清热燥湿，止痛止利，兼止呕之方。也系寒热并用。治泻痢兼呕吐的方法之一。
[主治]
泄泻或痢疾兼呕吐。但必须具有寒热证夹杂现象，如单用热药，则呕吐轻而下利重；反之，则下利轻而呕吐又重等。
[药品]
黄芩二至三钱 生杭芍二至三钱 炙草一至二钱 大枣二至四枚 半夏二至三钱 生姜一至二钱
[煎服法]
水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去滓温服。
[用药大意]
黄芩汤治湿热泻痢腹痛，半夏、生姜治寒性呕吐。
[禁忌证]
一切单寒、单热之吐利证不可使用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1)黄芩汤：此治热性泻利之方。
(2)生姜泻心汤：此治寒热虚夹杂吐利之方。
(3)黄连汤：此治寒热虚夹杂腹痛呕吐之方。
理中丸及理中汤方第一百零一
[方义]
此治太阴病肠胃虚寒之方。
[主治]
太阴病，吐利，腹满而痛。但必须具有腹不拒按、脉沉迟无力、口不干不苦、小便清长、不喜冷性饮食等现象。
[药品]
人参二至三钱 炙草二至三钱 生白术二至三钱 干姜二至三钱
[加减法]
(1)脐上筑筑者，去术，加桂。脐上筑筑是脐上跳动，乃肾阳虚，水气不化而上逆之故。去白术，恶其补脾阳；加肉桂，取其温肾阳兼能降逆也。
(2)吐多者，去术，加生姜。呕吐多由于胃气上逆，故去升补脾阳之白术，加温胃降逆之生姜。实践证明，如再加半夏，更有助于降逆止呕之作用。
(3)下多者，还用白术。下多，是由于脾胃虚而兼湿，用白术升补脾阳以止利。实践证明，如下多而兼小便不利者，加茯苓更效。
(2) 茯苓四逆汤：这是治疗阳虚、气虚兼有水邪，出现四肢厥冷、烦躁不安的方剂。
猪肤汤方第八十九
[方义]
这是治疗咽喉疼痛兼有腹泻，具有滋养阴液、润燥和中、止痛止泻作用的方剂。
[主治]
咽喉疼痛伴腹泻。但必须伴有心烦、咽干、脉细数等症状表现。
[药品]
猪肤四两，白蜜三钱，米粉四钱（炒熟）
[煎服法]
用水六茶杯，煎至两茶杯，去渣，加入白蜜、米粉，分两三次服用。
[用药大意]
猪肤、白蜜滋养阴液、润燥，以治疗咽喉痛和心烦；米粉调和脾胃而止泻。
[禁忌证]
兼有外感表证者，有痰湿证者，咽喉不干燥、脉不数者，手脚冰冷、脉微细者，均不可使用。
[类似方剂参考]
通脉四逆汤：这是治疗真寒假热，咽喉疼痛伴腹泻的方剂。
桔梗汤方第九十
[方义]
这是祛痰排脓，清热解毒，治疗咽喉肿痛的方剂。
[主治]
咽喉肿痛且有痰涎者，或喉痈化脓即将溃破时期，使用此方有效。
[药品]
桔梗三钱至一两，甘草五钱至一两
[煎服法]
用水二茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服。
[用药大意]
桔梗消炎，祛痰排脓；甘草清热解毒。
按：此方一般咽喉疼痛初起时都适宜随时取用。喉痈化脓将溃时，大量使用桔梗，有开破排脓之效。
[禁忌证]
喉痛兼有发热恶风寒等表证，或兼有口苦喜冷饮等火证者，不宜单纯使用本方。因为药力较轻，不能胜任重任。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 养阴清肺汤：这是治疗阴虚导致咽喉干痛，夜间加重的方剂。
(2) 普济消毒饮、银翘散加马勃板蓝根汤：这些都是治疗温热病所致咽喉疼痛的方剂。
苦酒汤方第九十一
[方义]
这是清热祛痰，消肿解毒，治疗咽喉疼痛的方剂。
[主治]
少阴病，咽喉受损生疮，不能说话，声音发不出来的证候。
按：此处的少阴病不是指脉微细、只想睡觉的证候，而是专指邪热侵入咽喉的证候而言，因为咽喉是少阴经脉经过的地方。此方对于一般热性咽喉红肿疼痛，有痰有热者都有效。
[药品]
生半夏一枚（研碎），苦酒（醋）一酒盅，鸡蛋一枚（去黄留白）
[煎服法]
将半夏和醋放入鸡蛋壳内，用铁丝做成一个环，把鸡蛋壳放在环上，用火煎煮三沸，取出稍凉，少量含咽。用砂锅煎也可以。
[用药大意]
半夏消肿去痰，开发声音；鸡子清、苦酒清热解毒，治疗肿痛。
[禁忌证]
(1) 咽喉干痛者不可用。这是因为属于阴虚喉痛。
(2) 少阴寒证导致的喉痛不可用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 桔梗汤：这是清热消肿，治疗咽痛的方剂（但解毒力量较差）。
(2) 养阴清肺汤：这是治疗阴虚咽喉干痛的方剂。
(3) 通脉四逆汤：这是治疗少阴寒证喉痛的方剂。
半夏散及半夏汤方第九十二
[方义]
这是疏散风寒、祛痰止痛的方剂。
[主治]
咽喉疼痛，必须具有外感风寒表证现象，兼有痰涎、不喜欢冷性饮食等症状。
[药品]
半夏、桂枝、生甘草各等份
[制服法]
三味药共研细末，每次服用一钱，开水送下。不能服用散剂者，用水一茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣，稍凉，少量频服。
[用药大意]
半夏去痰，桂枝散风寒，生甘草清火止痛。
[禁忌证]
有喜欢冷饮症状者忌用，咽喉干燥无痰者也忌用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 甘草汤：这是清热，缓解咽喉疼痛的方剂。
(2) 桔梗汤：这是祛痰清热，解毒排脓，治疗咽喉疼痛的方剂。
(3) 苦酒汤：这是治疗咽喉肿痛有痰有热的方剂。
(4) 猪肤汤：这是治疗喉中干燥无痰兼有腹泻的方剂。
白通汤方第九十三
[方义]
这是温中回阳，散寒止泻，兼治头痛的方剂。
[主治]
少阴病下利厥冷，脉微头痛。但必须是寒邪直中的急性证，具有不喜欢冷性饮食及舌苔白而滑的表现。
[药品]
葱白一至二钱，干姜二至三钱，附子二至三钱
[煎服法]
用水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服。
[用药大意]
姜、附回阳以止泻，葱白通阳以治头痛。
[禁忌证]
没有头痛者不可用葱白；慢性腹泻较重者也不宜用，因为葱白性质发散，防止虚脱。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 四逆加人参汤：这是治疗阳虚兼气虚的方剂。
(2) 附子汤：这是回阳补气、利水养阴的方剂。
(3) 真武汤、茯苓四逆汤：这都是回阳止泻的方剂。
白通加猪胆汁汤方第九十四
[方义]
这是治疗阴盛格阳，采用热因寒用方法的方剂。
[主治]
少阴病，下利脉微，服用白通汤后，腹泻仍未停止，反而出现四肢厥冷、无脉、干呕烦躁的证候。这是阴盛格阳，但必须是寒邪直中的急性证才适宜使用。
[药品]
葱白一至二钱，干姜二至三钱，附子二至三钱，童便半杯，猪胆汁半枚至一枚。按：本方加人参效果更好。
[煎服法]
用水二茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣，加入童便、猪胆汁温服。
[用药大意]
姜、附回阳止痢，葱白通阳治头痛，童便、猪胆汁救阴液消除烦躁。
[禁忌证]
无烦躁证不可用，因为这不是童便、胆汁的适应证；慢性者也不宜用。因为葱白性质发散，恐致虚脱。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 白通汤：这是温中回阳，止泻的方剂。
(2) 通脉四逆加猪胆汁汤：这也是回阳救阴液的方剂。
真武汤方第九十五
[方义]
这是补阳利水的方剂。
按：有人认为是强心利尿的方剂，我认为这种提法不妥。这种心脏功能不强，是由于阳虚形成的，而不是由于阴虚、气虚、血虚形成的，这是一点；在阳虚方面，也是兼有水气的心脏功能不强，而不是单纯的阳虚心脏功能不强，这是第二点。不然的话，四逆汤、四逆加人参汤、独参汤等治疗的证候都是心脏功能不强，为什么不用本方强心利尿，而要分别使用上述诸方呢？
[主治]
少阴病，阳虚水邪不化，或气喘不能平卧，或咳嗽，或头晕目眩，或浮肿腹胀腹泻，以及热性病服用清凉药后病情不解，或神志昏迷胡言乱语，或斑点隐隐等证候。但必须具有小便不利，或小便不多，或腹中有水声及不喜欢冷性饮食，脉沉而微。
按：此证有时从表面上看去，好像是有恶热的热证现象，但仔细诊察，其脉沉细而微，四肢厥冷，舌润不燥，这是真寒假热的现象。
[药品]
茯苓二至三钱，生杭芍二至三钱，生姜一至二钱，生白术二至三钱，附子二至三钱
[加减法]
咳嗽者加五味子、细辛、干姜；小便通畅者去茯苓；腹泻者去芍药加干姜；呕吐者去附子加生姜。
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服。
[用药大意]
白术、茯苓利水补脾；生姜辛温暖胃散寒；附子回阳以助水气的吸收；芍药护阴以防辛热药物劫伤阴液，或影响肝脏。
[禁忌证]
凡是喜欢冷饮，口渴舌燥，及无水气证者，均忌用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 五苓散：这是治疗寒性蓄水证的方剂。
(2) 猪苓汤：这是治疗热性蓄水证的方剂。
(3) 茯苓甘草汤：这是温散利水的方剂。
(4) 茯苓四逆汤：这是治疗阳虚气虚兼水气证的方剂。
(5) 桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤：这是治疗太阳病偏重利水的方剂。
(6) 十枣汤：这是逐水的峻猛剂。
乌梅丸方第九十六
[方义]
这是治疗厥阴病，调和寒热的主方。
按：祝味菊氏认为，此方不是治厥阴病的主方，而是治蛔厥的主方。根据实践，此方不但对蛔厥有效，而且对于厥阴病主证，如提纲所指出的证候，尤有特殊效果。
[主治]
厥阴病，消渴，气上冲胸，心中疼热，饥饿但不能进食，进食则吐蛔虫，误下后腹泻不止；蛔厥（包括肠寄生虫病）；久泻等。但必须具有寒热夹杂或上热下寒，寒证较多，脉象微弱。
[药品]
乌梅三十枚，细辛六钱，干姜一两，黄连一两六钱，当归四钱，附子六钱，蜀椒四钱（炒出汗），桂枝六钱，人参六钱，黄柏六钱
[制服法]
先将乌梅用醋浸泡一夜，去核置于二两小米下蒸之，以米熟为度。去米同诸药焙干研为细末，蜂蜜丸如梧桐子大。每次服用三钱，空腹米汤送下，忌生冷滑物臭食。
[用药大意]
附子、干姜、桂枝、细辛、蜀椒辛温祛寒；黄连、黄柏苦寒清热；人参、当归补气血之虚；乌梅酸收，以收敛厥阴之气。乌梅蒸于米下，和丸调以蜂蜜，服丸送以米饮，皆意在调和脾胃。总之，此方酸苦辛温，寒热并用，为治疗厥阴阴阳错杂、寒热混淆的主剂。
[禁忌证]
凡单纯寒证或单纯热证的消渴，气上冲，吐蛔，久泻等，均不可服用。证虽寒热夹杂，但热证偏盛者，亦须适当加减，不可照原方服用，因为方中热药较多故也。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 生姜、半夏、甘草三泻心汤：这三方虽然都是治疗寒、热、虚三方面夹杂的药剂，但重点都在心下痞满一证。
(2) 椒梅汤：这是治疗暑邪深入厥阴寒热夹杂的方剂。
(3) 黄连汤：这是治疗上热下寒、呕吐腹痛的方剂。
干姜黄芩黄连人参汤方第九十七
[方义]
这是清热止吐，补虚开格，采用寒因热用方法的方剂。
[主治]
呕吐不止，饮食药品不能下咽。但必须具有口苦、喜冷的热证现象和脉虚的虚证现象，而且单用芩、连一类的寒性止吐药品完全无效。
按：呕吐不只一种证候，胃气已伤，是须兼用人参温补的主证，但脉不虚者，仍有所顾虑，必兼见脉虚，在使用上方更为准确。
[药品]
干姜、黄芩、黄连、人参各等分（一钱至二钱半）
[煎服法]
用水一茶杯半，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服，徐徐服用，一次服一口，后稍停，不吐时继续再服。如仍呕吐时，当减少剂量，或温饮之，以不吐为度。
[用药大意]
芩、连苦寒以泻胃热，人参甘温以补胃虚，干姜辛温以开通寒格。
[禁忌证]
喜欢热性饮食的呕吐证忌用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 大黄甘草汤：这是治疗食后即吐的方剂。
(2) 连理汤：这是治疗虚寒性呕吐，服温性药格拒不下，采用寒因寒用方法的方剂。
白头翁汤方第九十八
[方义]
这是治疗热性痢疾的方剂。
按：凡是痢疾，都是由于湿热形成的，所谓热性者，指热胜于湿而言，非单纯的热证。
[主治]
大便赤痢，里急后重。但必须具有喜冷恶热或渴欲饮水等热证现象。
[药品]
白头翁一至三钱，黄连一至三钱，黄柏一至三钱，秦皮一至二钱
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至一茶杯，去渣温服，不愈更服。
[用药大意]
白头翁治疗肠道湿热；秦皮清肠胃兼肝经之湿热；黄连、黄柏清肠胃兼肾经之湿热。湿热去除而痢疾自止。
[禁忌证]
(1) 不喜欢冷性饮食者不宜用。
(2) 喜欢冷性饮食，但兼有外感发热恶寒等表证者不可用。
(3) 白痢不宜用。因为系湿胜于热，偏于气分之热证也。
[类似方剂参考]
白头翁加阿胶甘草汤：这是《金匮要略》治疗产后痢疾的方剂。
黄芩汤方第九十九
[方义]
这是清热燥湿、止痛止泻的方剂。
[主治]
泄泻或痢疾。但必须具有口苦、喜冷等热证现象。
[药品]
黄芩二至三钱，甘草一至二钱，生杭芍三至五钱，大枣二至四枚
[加减法]
兼呕吐者，加半夏、生姜，名黄芩加半夏生姜汤。
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服。
[用药大意]
黄芩苦寒，清热燥湿以止泻痢；芍药逐血痹以治腹痛；甘草、大枣调和脾胃缓急，兼理肠胃之虚。
[禁忌证]
一切喜欢热性饮食的寒证泻痢绝对禁用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 葛根芩连汤：这是治疗兼有表证的热性泄泻下利的方剂。
(2) 仓廪汤：这是治疗兼有太阳少阳表证之下利的方剂。
黄芩加半夏生姜汤方第一百
[方义]
这是清热燥湿，止痛止泻，兼止呕吐的方剂。也系寒热并用。是治疗泻痢兼呕吐的方法之一。
[主治]
泄泻或痢疾兼呕吐。但必须具有寒热证夹杂现象，如单用热药，则呕吐轻而下利重；反之，则下利轻而呕吐又重等。
[药品]
黄芩二至三钱，生杭芍二至三钱，炙草一至二钱，大枣二至四枚，半夏二至三钱，生姜一至二钱
[煎服法]
用水三茶杯，煎至半茶杯，去渣温服。
[用药大意]
黄芩汤治疗湿热泻痢腹痛，半夏、生姜治疗寒性呕吐。
[禁忌证]
一切单寒、单热的吐利证不可使用。
[类似方剂参考]
(1) 黄芩汤：这是治疗热性泻利的方剂。
(2) 生姜泻心汤：这是治疗寒热虚夹杂吐利的方剂。
(3) 黄连汤：这是治疗寒热虚夹杂腹痛呕吐的方剂。
理中丸及理中汤方第一百零一
[方义]
这是治疗太阴病肠胃虚寒的方剂。
[主治]
太阴病，吐利，腹满而痛。但必须具有腹部不拒按、脉沉迟无力、口不干不苦、小便清长、不喜欢冷性饮食等现象。
[药品]
人参二至三钱，炙草二至三钱，生白术二至三钱，干姜二至三钱
[加减法]
(1) 脐上跳动者，去白术，加桂枝。脐上跳动是脐上跳动，乃肾阳虚，水气不化而上逆的缘故。去白术，厌恶其补脾阳；加肉桂，取其温肾阳兼能降逆。
(2) 呕吐多者，去白术，加生姜。呕吐多由于胃气上逆，故去升补脾阳之白术，加温胃降逆之生姜。实践证明，如再加半夏，更有助于降逆止呕的作用。
(3) 腹泻多者，还用白术。腹泻多，是由于脾胃虚而兼湿，用白术升补脾阳以止泻。实践证明，如下多而兼小便不利者，加茯苓更有效。
(2) Fuling Sini Decoction (Poria and Aconite Decoction): This formula treats Yang deficiency, Qi deficiency accompanied by water retention, presenting with cold limbs (Ji Ni) and irritability.
Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction), Formula No. 89
[Formula Rationale]
This formula treats sore throat accompanied by diarrhea, possessing the functions of nourishing Yin, moistening dryness, harmonizing the middle jiao, relieving pain, and stopping diarrhea.
[Indications]
Sore throat with diarrhea. However, it must be accompanied by symptoms such as mental restlessness, dry throat, and a fine, rapid pulse.
[Ingredients]
Zhu Fu (Porcinis Cutis) 4 liang, Bai Mi (White Honey) 3 qian, Mi Fen (Rice Flour) 4 qian (stir-fried until cooked).
[Decoction and Administration]
Add six cups of water, decoct until two cups remain, remove the dregs, add white honey and rice flour, and divide into two or three doses for oral administration.
[Principles of Medication]
Zhu Fu and Bai Mi nourish Yin and moisten dryness to treat sore throat and mental restlessness; Mi Fen harmonizes the spleen and stomach to stop diarrhea.
[Contraindications]
Not applicable for those with concurrent exterior syndromes, phlegm-dampness syndromes, non-dry throat, non-rapid pulse, cold hands and feet, or faint and thin pulses.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Tongmai Sini Decoction (Unblocking the Pulse and Restoring Yang Decoction): This formula treats true cold and false heat, presenting with sore throat and diarrhea.
Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction), Formula No. 90
[Formula Rationale]
This formula dispels phlegm and expels pus, clears heat and detoxifies, and treats sore and swollen throat.
[Indications]
Effective for sore and swollen throat with phlegm-saliva, or during the stage where a throat abscess is suppurating and about to rupture.
[Ingredients]
Jie Geng (Platycodon Root) 3 qian to 1 liang, Gan Cao (Licorice Root) 5 qian to 1 liang.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add two and a half cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove the dregs, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Jie Geng reduces inflammation, dispels phlegm, and expels pus; Gan Cao clears heat and detoxifies.
Note: This formula is generally suitable for immediate use at the onset of sore throat. When a throat abscess is suppurating and about to rupture, using a large dose of Jie Geng has an effect of opening and breaking up the abscess.
[Contraindications]
Not suitable for pure use when sore throat is accompanied by exterior signs such as fever and aversion to wind-cold, or by fire signs such as bitter taste in the mouth and preference for cold drinks. The medicinal power is mild and cannot bear heavy responsibility.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Yangyin Qingfei Tang (Nourishing Yin and Clearing Lung Decoction): This formula treats yin deficiency causing dry and painful throat, which worsens at night.
(2) Puji Xiaodu Yin (Universal Benefit Detoxification Decoction), Yinqiao San (Honeysuckle and Forsythia Powder) plus Mabo Banlangen Tang (Scutellaria and Isatis Decoction): These are all formulas treating throat pain caused by warm-heat pathogens.
Kuju Tang (Bitter Wine Decoction), Formula No. 91
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, dispels phlegm, reduces swelling, and detoxifies, treating sore throat.
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease, injury to the throat resulting in sores, inability to speak, and loss of voice.
Note: The Shaoyin disease here does not refer to the syndrome of faint pulse and desire to sleep, but specifically refers to pathogenic heat invading the throat, as the throat is the pathway of the Shaoyin meridian. This formula is effective for general heat-type red, swollen, and painful throat with phlegm and heat.
[Ingredients]
Sheng Banxia (Raw Pinellia Tuber) 1 piece (ground), Ku Jiu (Bitter Wine/Vinegar) one wine cup, Ji Zi (Chicken Egg) 1 piece (remove yolk, keep white).
[Decoction and Administration]
Place Banxia and vinegar inside the eggshell. Make a ring with iron wire, place the eggshell on the ring, and boil over fire for three boils. Remove, let cool slightly, and hold in the mouth to swallow slowly. Using a clay pot for decoction is also acceptable.
[Principles of Medication]
Banxia reduces swelling and dispels phlegm to restore voice; Ji Zi Qing (Egg White) and Ku Jiu clear heat and detoxify to treat swelling and pain.
[Contraindications]
(1) Not for dry and painful throat, as this belongs to yin deficiency throat pain.
(2) Not for throat pain due to Shaoyin cold syndrome.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Jiegeng Tang: Clears heat and reduces swelling, treats sore throat (but has weaker detoxifying power).
(2) Yangyin Qingfei Tang: Treats yin deficiency causing dry and painful throat.
(3) Tongmai Sini Decoction: Treats throat pain due to Shaoyin cold syndrome.
Banxia San & Banxia Tang (Pinellia Powder and Decoction), Formula No. 92
[Formula Rationale]
This formula disperses wind-cold, dispels phlegm, and relieves pain.
[Indications]
Sore throat, must present with exterior signs of wind-cold invasion, accompanied by phlegm-saliva and dislike for cold food/drink.
[Ingredients]
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root) in equal parts.
[Administration Method]
Grind the three herbs into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, washed down with boiled water. For those who cannot take powder, add one cup of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, let cool slightly, and swallow slowly in small amounts.
[Principles of Medication]
Banxia dispels phlegm, Guizhi disperses wind-cold, Sheng Gan Cao clears fire and relieves pain.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated for those with preference for cold drinks and for those with dry throat and no phlegm.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction): Clears heat, relieves sore throat.
(2) Jiegeng Tang: Dispels phlegm, clears heat, detoxifies, expels pus, treats sore throat.
(3) Kuju Tang: Treats sore and swollen throat with phlegm and heat.
(4) Zhufu Tang: Treats dry throat without phlegm accompanied by diarrhea.
Baitong Tang (White Onion Decoction), Formula No. 93
[Formula Rationale]
This formula warms the middle, restores Yang, disperses cold, stops diarrhea, and treats headache.
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease with diarrhea, cold limbs, faint pulse, and headache. Must be an acute syndrome of direct cold pathogen invasion, presenting with dislike for cold food/drink and a white, slippery tongue coating.
[Ingredients]
Cong Bai (Green Onion White) 1-2 qian, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) 2-3 qian, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 2-3 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add two cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Gan Jiang and Fuzi restore Yang to stop diarrhea; Cong Bai unblocks Yang to treat headache.
[Contraindications]
Do not use Cong Bai if there is no headache; do not use for severe chronic diarrhea because Cong Bai is dispersing and may prevent collapse.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Sini Jia Renshen Tang (Four Reversal Plus Ginseng Decoction): Treats Yang deficiency with Qi deficiency.
(2) Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction): Restores Yang, tonifies Qi, promotes urination, and nourishes Yin.
(3) Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction), Fuling Sini Decoction: Both restore Yang and stop diarrhea.
Baitong Jia Zhu Danli Tang (White Onion Plus Pig Bile Decoction), Formula No. 94
[Formula Rationale]
This formula treats Yin excess repelling Yang, employing the method of "treating heat with cold" (using cold substances to guide hot medicines).
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease with diarrhea and faint pulse. After taking Baitong Tang, if diarrhea persists and instead presents with cold limbs, absent pulse, dry heaving, and irritability, this indicates Yin excess repelling Yang. It is only suitable for acute syndromes of direct cold pathogen invasion.
[Ingredients]
Cong Bai (Green Onion White) 1-2 qian, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) 2-3 qian, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 2-3 qian, Tong Bian (Child's Urine) half cup, Zhu Danli (Pig Bile) half to one piece. Note: Adding Renshen (Ginseng) to this formula is more effective.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add two cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, add Tong Bian and Zhu Danli, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Gan Jiang and Fuzi restore Yang to stop dysentery; Cong Bai unblocks Yang to treat headache; Tong Bian and Zhu Danli rescue fluids and eliminate irritability.
[Contraindications]
Not for use without irritability, as this is not an indication for Tong Bian and bile; not for chronic cases because Cong Bai is dispersing and may cause collapse.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Baitong Tang: Warms the middle, restores Yang, stops diarrhea.
(2) Tongmai Sini Jia Zhu Danli Tang (Unblocking the Pulse and Restoring Yang Plus Pig Bile Decoction): Also restores Yang and rescues fluids.
Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction), Formula No. 95
[Formula Rationale]
This formula tonifies Yang and promotes urination.
Note: Some consider this a cardiotonic and diuretic formula, which I believe is inappropriate. This cardiac weakness is formed due to Yang deficiency, not Yin, Qi, or Blood deficiency (Point 1); regarding Yang deficiency, it is cardiac weakness accompanied by water qi, not simple Yang deficiency (Point 2). Otherwise, why not use this formula for cardiotonic and diuretic effects in cases treated by Sini Tang, Sini Jia Renshen Tang, or Dushen Tang, all of which address cardiac weakness? Instead, these different formulas are used separately.
[Indications]
Shaoyin disease with Yang deficiency failing to transform water, or panting unable to lie flat, cough, vertigo, edema/fullness with diarrhea, or unresolved condition after taking cooling medicines for febrile diseases, coma with delirium, or faint rashes. Must present with difficult urination or scanty urine, audible fluid sounds in the abdomen, dislike for cold food/drink, and a deep, faint pulse.
Note: Superficially, this syndrome may appear as heat intolerance, but careful examination reveals a deep, fine, faint pulse, cold limbs, and a moist, non-dry tongue, indicating true cold and false heat.
[Ingredients]
Fuling (Poria) 2-3 qian, Sheng Hang Shao (Raw Paeonia Lactiflora) 2-3 qian, Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) 1-2 qian, Sheng Baizhu (Raw Atractylodes Macrocephala) 2-3 qian, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 2-3 qian.
[Modifications]
For cough, add Wuweizi (Schisandra), Xixin (Asarum), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger); if urination is free, remove Fuling; for diarrhea, remove Shaoyao and add Gan Jiang; for vomiting, remove Fuzi and add Sheng Jiang.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add three cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Baizhu and Fuling promote urination and tonify the spleen; Sheng Jiang is pungent and warm to warm the stomach and disperse cold; Fuzi restores Yang to assist in water absorption; Shaoyao protects Yin to prevent the pungent-hot herbs from damaging fluids or affecting the liver.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated for those who prefer cold drinks, have thirst and dry tongue, or lack water-retention syndromes.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder): Treats cold-type water retention.
(2) Zhuling Tang (Polyporus Decoction): Treats heat-type water retention.
(3) Fuling Gancao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction): Warms and disperses, promotes urination.
(4) Fuling Sini Decoction: Treats Yang and Qi deficiency with water qi.
(5) Guizhi Qu Gui Jia Fuling Baizhu Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Cinnamon plus Poria and Atractylodes): Treats Taiyang disease focusing on promoting urination.
(6) Shizao Tang (Ten Dates Decoction): A harsh purgative for driving out water.
Wumei Wan (Mume Pill), Formula No. 96
[Formula Rationale]
This is the main formula for treating Jueyin disease, harmonizing cold and heat.
Note: Zhu Weiju believed this is not the main formula for Jueyin disease but for ascariasis convulsion (Hui Jue). Based on practice, this formula is effective not only for Hui Jue but also for the main symptoms of Jueyin disease as outlined in the outline, with special efficacy.
[Indications]
Jueyin disease, excessive thirst, Qi rushing upward to the chest, heart pain and heat, hunger but inability to eat, vomiting roundworms after eating, persistent diarrhea after purgation; Hui Jue (including intestinal parasitic diseases); chronic diarrhea. Must present with mixed cold and heat or upper heat/lower cold, with more cold signs and a weak pulse.
[Ingredients]
Wumei (Mume Fruit) 30 pieces, Xixin (Asarum) 6 qian, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) 1 liang, Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) 1 liang 6 qian, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis) 4 qian, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 6 qian, Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper) 4 qian (stir-fried until oil appears), Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 6 qian, Renshen (Ginseng) 6 qian, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) 6 qian.
[Administration Method]
Soak Wumei in vinegar overnight, remove pits, and steam with 2 liang of millet until the rice is cooked. Remove rice, dry the remaining ingredients together with other herbs, grind into fine powder, and form pills with honey the size of wutong seeds. Take 3 qian per dose with millet soup on an empty stomach. Avoid raw, cold, slippery, and smelly foods.
[Principles of Medication]
Fuzi, Gan Jiang, Guizhi, Xixin, and Shujiao are pungent and warm to dispel cold; Huanglian and Huangbai are bitter and cold to clear heat; Renshen and Danggui tonify Qi and Blood deficiency; Wumei is sour and astringent to gather Jueyin Qi. Steaming Wumei under rice, forming pills with honey, and taking with millet drink all aim to harmonize the middle. In summary, this formula combines sour, bitter, pungent, and warm properties, using both cold and heat, serving as the main agent for treating Jueyin disease characterized by complex Yin-Yang and mixed cold-heat.
[Contraindications]
Not for simple cold or simple heat syndromes presenting with excessive thirst, Qi rushing upward, vomiting roundworms, or chronic diarrhea. Even if mixed cold and heat, if heat predominates, modifications are necessary; do not use the original formula as it contains many hot herbs.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Shengjiang, Banxia, Gancao Three Xiexin Tangs (Three Heart-Unblocking Decoctions): Although these three formulas treat mixed cold, heat, and deficiency, their focus is on epigastric fullness and obstruction.
(2) Jiaomei Tang (Pepper and Mume Decoction): Treats summerheat penetrating deeply into Jueyin with mixed cold and heat.
(3) Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction): Treats upper heat and lower cold with vomiting and abdominal pain.
Ganjiang Huangqin Huanglian Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Scutellaria, Coptis, and Ginseng Decoction), Formula No. 97
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, stops vomiting, tonifies deficiency, opens obstruction, and employs the method of "treating cold with heat" (using hot medicines to guide cold ones).
[Indications]
Persistent vomiting, inability to swallow food or medicine. Must present with heat signs like bitter taste and preference for cold, and deficiency signs like a weak pulse, and complete ineffectiveness of cold-type antiemetics like Huangqin and Huanglian alone.
Note: Vomiting is not a single syndrome. If stomach Qi is damaged, Renshen for warming and tonifying is a main indication. However, if the pulse is not weak, caution is needed; accuracy increases when combined with a weak pulse.
[Ingredients]
Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Renshen (Ginseng) in equal parts (1 qian to 2.5 qian).
[Decoction and Administration]
Add one and a half cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm. Administer slowly, one mouthful at a time, pausing briefly. Continue if no vomiting occurs. If vomiting persists, reduce the dose or take warm liquids, stopping when vomiting ceases.
[Principles of Medication]
Huangqin and Huanglian are bitter and cold to drain stomach heat; Renshen is sweet and warm to tonify stomach deficiency; Gan Jiang is pungent and warm to open cold obstruction.
[Contraindications]
Contraindicated for vomiting with preference for hot food/drink.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Dahuang Gancao Tang (Rhubarb and Licorice Decoction): Treats vomiting immediately after eating.
(2) Lianli Tang (Coix and Licorice Decoction): Treats deficiency-cold vomiting where warm medicines are rejected, employing the method of "treating cold with cold."
Baitou Wang Tang (Pedicularis Decoction), Formula No. 98
[Formula Rationale]
This formula treats heat-type dysentery.
Note: All dysentery is formed by damp-heat. "Heat-type" means heat exceeds dampness, not a simple heat syndrome.
[Indications]
Red stool dysentery with tenesmus. Must present with heat signs like preference for cold and aversion to heat, or thirst with desire to drink water.
[Ingredients]
Baitouweng (Pedicularis Root) 1-3 qian, Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) 1-3 qian, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) 1-3 qian, Qinpi (Ash Bark) 1-2 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add three cups of water, decoct until one cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm. Repeat if not cured.
[Principles of Medication]
Baitouweng treats intestinal damp-heat; Qinpi clears damp-heat in intestines/stomach and liver meridian; Huanglian and Huangbai clear damp-heat in intestines/stomach and kidney meridian. Once damp-heat is removed, dysentery stops.
[Contraindications]
(1) Not for those who dislike cold food/drink.
(2) Not for those who prefer cold food/drink but have concurrent exterior signs of wind-cold with fever and aversion to cold.
(3) Not for white dysentery, as it is damp exceeding heat,偏向 (leaning towards) heat in the Qi level.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
Baitouweng Jia Ejiao Gancao Tang (Pedicularis Plus Donkey-Hide Gelatin and Licorice Decoction): From *Jinkui Yaolue*, treats postpartum dysentery.
Huangqin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction), Formula No. 99
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, dries dampness, relieves pain, and stops diarrhea.
[Indications]
Diarrhea or dysentery. Must present with heat signs like bitter taste and preference for cold.
[Ingredients]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) 2-3 qian, Gancao (Licorice Root) 1-2 qian, Sheng Hang Shao (Raw Paeonia Lactiflora) 3-5 qian, Dazao (Jujube) 2-4 pieces.
[Modifications]
For concurrent vomiting, add Banxia (Pinellia) and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), named Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add three cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Huangqin is bitter and cold, clearing heat and drying dampness to stop diarrhea/dysentery; Shaoyao removes blood stasis to treat abdominal pain; Gancao and Dazao harmonize the middle, relieve urgency, and regulate stomach/intestine deficiency.
[Contraindications]
Absolutely contraindicated for all cold-type diarrhea/dysentery with preference for hot food/drink.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Gegen Qinlian Tang (Kudzu, Scutellaria, and Coptis Decoction): Treats heat-type diarrhea/dysentery with concurrent exterior signs.
(2) Canglin Tang (Granary Decoction): Treats diarrhea with concurrent Taiyang-Shaoyang exterior signs.
Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria Plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger Decoction), Formula No. 100
[Formula Rationale]
This formula clears heat, dries dampness, relieves pain, stops diarrhea, and stops vomiting. It uses both cold and heat. It is one method for treating diarrhea/dysentery with vomiting.
[Indications]
Diarrhea or dysentery with vomiting. Must present with mixed cold and heat signs. If only hot medicines are used, vomiting is mild but diarrhea is severe; conversely, if only cold medicines are used, diarrhea is mild but vomiting is severe.
[Ingredients]
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) 2-3 qian, Sheng Hang Shao (Raw Paeonia Lactiflora) 2-3 qian, Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) 1-2 qian, Dazao (Jujube) 2-4 pieces, Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) 2-3 qian, Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) 1-2 qian.
[Decoction and Administration]
Add three cups of water, decoct until half a cup remains, remove dregs, and take warm.
[Principles of Medication]
Huangqin Tang treats damp-heat diarrhea/dysentery with abdominal pain; Banxia and Sheng Jiang treat cold-type vomiting.
[Contraindications]
Not for pure cold or pure heat vomiting/diarrhea syndromes.
[Reference for Similar Formulas]
(1) Huangqin Tang: Treats heat-type diarrhea/dysentery.
(2) Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Fresh Ginger Heart-Unblocking Decoction): Treats vomiting/diarrhea with mixed cold, heat, and deficiency.
(3) Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction): Treats abdominal pain and vomiting with mixed cold, heat, and deficiency.
Lizhong Wan & Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Pill and Decoction), Formula No. 101
[Formula Rationale]
This formula treats Taiyin disease with deficiency-cold of the stomach and intestines.
[Indications]
Taiyin disease with vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal fullness and pain. Must present with abdomen not rejecting pressure, deep and slow weak pulse, dry and non-bitter mouth, clear and long urination, and dislike for cold food/drink.
[Ingredients]
Renshen (Ginseng) 2-3 qian, Zhi Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) 2-3 qian, Sheng Baizhu (Raw Atractylodes Macrocephala) 2-3 qian, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) 2-3 qian.
[Modifications]
(1) For pulsation above the navel, remove Baizhu and add Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig). Pulsation above the navel is due to Kidney Yang deficiency and rising water qi. Remove Baizhu to avoid tonifying Spleen Yang excessively; add Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) to warm Kidney Yang and descend rebellious Qi.
(2) For frequent vomiting, remove Baizhu and add Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger). Frequent vomiting is due to Stomach Qi rebelling upward. Remove Baizhu which raises Spleen Yang, and add Sheng Jiang which warms the stomach and descends rebellious Qi. Practice shows adding Banxia enhances descending and anti-emetic effects.
(3) For frequent diarrhea, continue using Baizhu. Frequent diarrhea is due to Spleen-Stomach deficiency with dampness. Use Baizhu to raise and tonify Spleen Yang to stop diarrhea. Practice shows adding Fuling is more effective if frequent diarrhea is accompanied by difficult urination.