肺经之火,移于大肠,大便硬秘,或肛门肿痛,槐子汤主之。
槐子汤(自制)
槐米(三钱) 蒌仁(三钱) 麦冬(一钱五分) 枳壳(一钱蜜水炒) 天冬(一钱五分)
苏子(三钱) 玉竹(三钱) 麻仁(三钱) 杏仁(三钱) 甘草(四分) 金橘饼(一枚) 白芝麻(三钱)
槐米为大肠火重,大便见血之主药。再加火麻仁、白芝麻、蒌仁、杏仁、苏子,凡仁皆润,即通用之五仁丸。
加金橘饼以顾胃,枳壳以宽肠,玉竹、甘草以顾脾胃,天、麦冬以保金水,与小肠火之琥珀导赤散,有异
曲同工之妙。祖怡注。
风助火势,其性上升。面红目赤,口燥咽疼,法当清润上焦,使阳邪不能侵犯,兼用轻扬解散之品,俾上升
者一举而熄,消风散火汤主之。
消风散火汤(自制)
天冬(一钱五分) 麦冬(一钱五分) 元参(二钱) 茯苓(二钱) 桔梗(一钱)
柴胡(一钱) 薄荷(一钱) 蝉衣(一钱) 桑叶(一钱) 连翘(一钱五分)
牛蒡子(三钱) 蒌皮(二钱) 竹叶(十张) 黑芝麻(三钱)
桑、麻、柴、薄、牛、蝉、元、翘、桔、蒌、茯、竹,轻扬解散,清而不遏。加天、麦二冬,壮水即所以制火;三
方皆用之,可以见二冬之功力所在矣。祖怡注。
重阴生阳,积湿化热,湿火相乘,渴饮舌白,胜湿清火汤主之。
胜湿清火汤(自制)
茅术(一钱五分) 白术(一钱五分) 茯苓(二钱) 苡仁(八钱) 石斛(三钱)
石膏(五钱) 知母(一钱) 猪苓(一钱) 泽泻(一钱五分) 荷叶(一角)
方以二术、苓、苡、泽泻、猪苓胜湿,即以石斛、石膏、知母清火。苍术白虎汤去甘草、粳米之甘润,加荷叶者,
降药已多,以升清者为反佐耳。祖怡注。
肺经的火热之邪,转移到大肠,导致大便干结难解,或者出现肛门红肿疼痛的症状,使用槐子汤主治。
槐子汤(自制方)
槐米(三钱) 瓜蒌仁(三钱) 麦冬(一钱五分) 枳壳(一钱,用蜜水炒) 天冬(一钱五分)
紫苏子(三钱) 玉竹(三钱) 火麻仁(三钱) 杏仁(三钱) 甘草(四分) 金橘饼(一枚) 白芝麻(三钱)
槐米是治疗大肠火盛、大便带血的主要药物。再加上火麻仁、白芝麻、瓜蒌仁、杏仁、紫苏子,凡是种子类的药材都具有润燥的作用,这也就是通用的五仁丸(由桃仁、杏仁、柏子仁、松子仁、郁李仁组成的方剂,此处借指其润下之意)。
加入金橘饼以顾护胃气,枳壳以宽畅肠道,玉竹和甘草以顾护脾胃,天冬和麦冬以保全肺肾(金水相生),这与治疗小肠火热的琥珀导赤散(具有清心利尿功效的方剂),有着异曲同工之妙。祖怡注。
风助长火势,其性质向上升发。出现面部发红、眼睛充血、口干燥、咽喉疼痛的症状,治法应当清润上焦(心肺所在部位),使阳热邪气不能侵犯,同时配合使用轻扬疏散的药物,使得上升的火势一举平息,使用消风散火汤主治。
消风散火汤(自制方)
天冬(一钱五分) 麦冬(一钱五分) 玄参(二钱) 茯苓(二钱) 桔梗(一钱)
柴胡(一钱) 薄荷(一钱) 蝉蜕(一钱) 桑叶(一钱) 连翘(一钱五分)
牛蒡子(三钱) 瓜蒌皮(二钱) 竹叶(十张) 黑芝麻(三钱)
桑叶、黑芝麻、柴胡、薄荷、牛蒡子、蝉蜕、玄参、连翘、桔梗、瓜蒌皮、茯苓、竹叶,这些药物性质轻扬疏散,清热而不遏制气机。加入天冬和麦冬,通过滋养阴液(壮水)来制约火邪;这三个方子都使用了天冬和麦冬,可以看出这两味药的功力所在。祖怡注。
重阴之中产生阳气,湿气积聚转化为热邪,湿与火相互乘袭,出现口渴饮水、舌苔白的症状,使用胜湿清火汤主治。
胜湿清火汤(自制方)
苍术(一钱五分) 白术(一钱五分) 茯苓(二钱) 薏苡仁(八钱) 石斛(三钱)
石膏(五钱) 知母(一钱) 猪苓(一钱) 泽泻(一钱五分) 荷叶(一角)
此方利用苍术、白术、茯苓、薏苡仁、泽泻、猪苓来祛除湿气,同时利用石斛、石膏、知母来清除火邪。这是苍术白虎汤(祛湿清热的经典方剂)去掉甘草和粳米的甘润之性,加上荷叶的原因在于,方中降泄的药物已经很多,加入荷叶是为了起到升举清阳的反佐作用。祖怡注。
The fire pathogen of the Lung Meridian transfers to the Large Intestine, resulting in hard and constipated stools, or swelling and pain in the anus. Huai Zi Tang (Sophora Flower Decoction) is the primary prescription for this condition.
Huai Zi Tang (Self-made Prescription)
Sophorae Flos (3 qian)
Trichosanthis Semen (3 qian)
Ophiopogonis Radix (1.5 qian)
Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (1 qian, stir-fried with honey water)
Asparagi Radix (1.5 qian)
Perillae Fructus (3 qian)
Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (3 qian)
Cannabis Semen (3 qian)
Prunus Armeniaca Semen Amarum (3 qian)
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (4 fen)
Citrus reticulata 'Chachi' dried fruit slice (1 piece)
Sesamum indicum Seed (3 qian)
Sophorae Flos is the principal herb for treating severe heat-fire in the Large Intestine manifesting as blood in the stool. By adding Cannabis Semen, Sesamum indicum Seed, Trichosanthis Semen, Prunus Armeniaca Semen Amarum, and Perillae Fructus, which are all seeds possessing moistening properties, it essentially functions as Wu Ren Wan (Five Seeds Pill), a common formula for lubricating the intestines.
Adding Citrus reticulata 'Chachi' dried fruit slice to protect the Stomach Qi, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus to broaden and regulate the intestines, Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma to support the Spleen and Stomach, and Asparagi Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix to preserve Lung and Kidney Yin (Metal and Water generation), shares a similar therapeutic effect with Hu Po Dao Chi San (Amber Guiding Out Redness Powder), which treats heat-fire in the Small Intestine. There is an ingenious similarity in their mechanisms. Note by Zuyi.
Wind aids the fire, and its nature ascends. Symptoms include facial redness, reddened eyes, dry mouth, and sore throat. The treatment method should be to clear and moisten the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), preventing Yang pathogens from invading, while simultaneously using light and dispersing agents to extinguish the ascending fire in one stroke. Xiao Feng San Huo Tang (Eliminate Wind and Disperse Fire Decoction) is the primary prescription.
Xiao Feng San Huo Tang (Self-made Prescription)
Asparagi Radix (1.5 qian)
Ophiopogonis Radix (1.5 qian)
Scrophulariae Radix (2 qian)
Poria (2 qian)
Platycodonis Radix (1 qian)
Bupleuri Radix (1 qian)
Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (1 qian)
Cicadae Periostracum (1 qian)
Mori Folium (1 qian)
Forsythiae Fructum (1.5 qian)
Arctii Fructus (3 qian)
Trichosanthis Pericarpium (2 qian)
Lophatheri Herba (10 leaves)
Sesamum indicum Seed (3 qian)
Mori Folium, Sesamum indicum Seed, Bupleuri Radix, Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, Arctii Fructus, Cicadae Periostracum, Scrophulariae Radix, Forsythiae Fructum, Platycodonis Radix, Trichosanthis Pericarpium, Poria, and Lophatheri Herba are light and dispersing, clearing heat without obstructing Qi flow. Adding Asparagi Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix nourishes Yin (Strengthens Water) to control Fire; the fact that all three prescriptions use these two herbs demonstrates their efficacy. Note by Zuyi.
Heavy Yin generates Yang; accumulated dampness transforms into heat. When Dampness and Fire mutually exacerbate each other, symptoms include thirst with desire to drink and a white tongue coating. Sheng Shi Qing Huo Tang (Overcome Dampness and Clear Fire Decoction) is the primary prescription.
Sheng Shi Qing Huo Tang (Self-made Prescription)
Atractylodis Rhizoma (1.5 qian)
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (1.5 qian)
Poria (2 qian)
Coicis Semen (8 qian)
Dendrobii Caulis (3 qian)
Gypsum Fibrosum (5 qian)
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (1 qian)
Polyporus (1 qian)
Alismatis Rhizoma (1.5 qian)
Nelumbinis Folium (1 corner)
This prescription uses Atractylodis Rhizoma, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Poria, Coicis Semen, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Polyporus to overcome dampness, while using Dendrobii Caulis, Gypsum Fibrosum, and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma to clear fire. It is based on Cang Zhu Bai Hu Tang (Cang Zhu White Tiger Decoction), removing the sweet and moistening properties of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Coicis Semen (often used as Jing Mi/Rice in original formulas, here likely referring to the removal of sweet/moistening elements like Licorice and Rice if present in the base concept, though the text says "remove Gan Cao and Jing Mi"), and adding Nelumbinis Folium. Since there are already many descending herbs in the formula, Nelumbinis Folium is added to ascend the clear Yang, serving as a counter-agent (Fan Zuo). Note by Zuyi.