《素问》云∶妇人足少阴脉动甚者，妊子也。
沈尧封曰∶足少阴，肾脉也。动者，如豆厥厥动摇也。王太仆作手少阴。手少阴脉应在掌后锐骨之端
陷者中，直对小指，非太渊脉也，必有所据。全元起
作足少阴，候在尺中。经云，尺里以候腹中。胎在腹中，当应在尺，此为近理。
《素问》云∶阴搏阳别，谓之有子。
沈尧封曰∶王注∶阴，尺中也；搏，谓触于手也。尺脉搏击，与寸迥别，则有孕之兆也。
《素问》云∶何以知怀子之且生也？曰∶身有病而无邪脉也。
《难经》曰∶女子以肾系胞。三部脉浮沉正等，按之不绝者，有妊也。
沈尧封曰∶叔和云∶妇人三部脉浮沉正等，以手按之不绝者，孕子也。妊脉初时寸微，呼吸五至，三
月而尺数也，脉滑疾，重以手按之散者，胎已三月也。脉重手按之不散，但疾不滑者，五月也。此即阴搏阳别
之义∶言尺脉滑数，寸脉微小，尺与寸脉别者，孕子也。
王叔和曰∶妊脉四月，其脉左疾为男，右疾为女，俱疾为生二子。
又曰∶左尺偏大为男；右尺偏大为女；左右俱大产二子。大者如实状，即阴搏之意。尺脉实大，与寸
迥别，但分男左女右也。
又曰∶左脉沉实为男，右脉浮大为女。
楼全善曰∶按丹溪云∶男受胎在左子官；女受胎在右子宫。推之于脉，其义亦然。如胎在左，则气血
护胎，必盛于左，故脉左疾为男、左大为男也；胎在
右，则气血护胎，必盛于右，故脉右疾为女、右大为女也。亦犹经文阴搏阳别，谓之有子∶言胎必在身半
之下，气血护胎，必盛于下，故阴尺鼓搏，与阳寸迥别也。
《千金》云∶令妊妇面南行，从背后呼之，左回首者是男，右回首者是女。又女腹如箕，以女胎背母，足
膝抵腹，下大上小，故如箕。男腹如釜，以男胎向母，背脊抵腹，其形正圆，故如釜也。
沈尧封曰∶《内经》妊娠数条，惟阴搏阳别，尤为妙谛。《素问》诊法，上以候上，下以候下。气血聚于
上，则寸脉盛；气血聚于下，则尺脉盛∶其势然也。试之疮疡，无不验者；况胎在腹中，气血大聚，岂反无征
验之理。胎系于肾，在身半以下，故见于尺部。但人脉体不同，有本大者，有本小者，即怀妊时，有见动
脉者，有不见动脉者，然尺中或疾或数，总与寸脉迥然有别。细审自得，即左右男女亦然。
受胎时偏左成男，气血聚于左则左重，故呼之则左顾便，脉必形于左尺；受胎时偏右成女，气血聚于
右则右重，呼之则右顾便，脉必形于右尺。此一定之理也。至若丹溪男受胎于左子宫，女受胎于右子宫，此
是语病，犹言偏于子宫之左，偏于子宫之右耳！原非有二子宫也。
王孟英按∶诸家之论，皆有至理，而皆有验有不
验。余自髫年即专究于此，三十年来，见闻多矣。有甫受孕而脉即显呈于指下者；有半月一月后而见于脉
者；有二三月而见于脉者；有始见孕脉，而五六月之后反不见孕脉者；有始终不见于脉者；有受孕后反见
弦涩细数之象者；甚有两脉反沉伏难寻者。古人所论，原是各抒心得，奈死法不可以限生人，纸上谈兵，未
尝阅历者，何足以语此。惟今春与杨素园大令谈之，极蒙折服，殆深尝此中甘苦也。忆辛丑秋，诊周光远
令正之脉，右寸关忽见弦大滑疾，上溢鱼际之象，平昔之脉，未尝见此，颇为骇然，及询起居，诸无所苦，
惟汛愆半月耳！余曰∶妊也，并可必其为男。继而其父孙际初闻之，诊乃女脉，曰∶妊则或然，恐为女孕。
余曰∶肺象乎天，今右寸脉最弦滑、且见上溢之象，岂非本乎天者亲上耶？孙曰∶此虽君子创解，然极有理，
究不知瓜红何似耳？迨壬寅夏，果举一男。聊附一端，以为凿凿谈脉者鉴。
《素问》说：妇女足少阴脉跳动明显的，是怀孕。
沈尧封说：足少阴，是肾脉。动，指脉搏如豆粒般厥厥动摇。王太仆（王冰）注作手少阴脉。手少阴脉应当在掌后锐骨端的凹陷处，直对小指，不是太渊脉，必定有依据。全元起注作足少阴脉，诊察部位在尺中。经文说，尺部候腹中。胎在腹中，应当反映在尺部，这比较合乎事理。
《素问》说：阴部脉搏动有力，与阳部脉截然不同，称为怀孕。
沈尧封说：王注解释：阴，指尺部；搏，指触于手下。尺脉搏击，与寸部迥然不同，则是怀孕的征兆。
《素问》说：怎么知道怀了孩子快要生了呢？回答说：身体有病象但没有邪脉。
《难经》说：女子以肾系连胞宫。三部脉浮沉程度相当，重按不绝的，是怀孕。
沈尧封说：叔和（王叔和）说：妇人三部脉浮沉程度相当，用手按压不绝的，是怀孕。妊娠初期，寸脉微，呼吸五次一息，三个月时尺脉数，脉象滑疾，重按不散的，是胎已三月。脉重按不散，只是快而不滑的，是五个月。这就是“阴搏阳别”的意思：指尺脉滑数，寸脉微小，尺脉与寸脉不同，是怀孕。
王叔和说：妊娠四个月，左脉急疾为男，右脉急疾为女，左右都急疾为生双胞胎。
又说：左尺脉偏大为男；右尺脉偏大为女；左右都大生双胞胎。大是指充实的样子，就是“阴搏”的意思。尺脉实大，与寸部迥然不同，只是区分男左女右。
又说：左脉沉实为男，右脉浮大为女。
楼全善说：按丹溪（朱震亨）说：男受胎在左子宫；女受胎在右子宫。推之于脉，道理也是这样。如果胎在左边，则气血护胎，必然盛于左侧，所以脉左疾为男、左大为男；胎在右边，则气血护胎，必然盛于右侧，所以脉右疾为女、右大为女。这也如同经文“阴搏阳别，谓之有子”：意思是胎必在身半以下，气血护胎，必然盛于下，所以尺脉鼓搏，与寸脉迥然不同。
《千金方》说：让孕妇面向南行走，从背后呼唤她，向左回首的是男孩，向右回首的是女孩。另外，女腹如簸箕，因为女胎背对母亲，足膝抵住腹部，下大上小，所以像簸箕。男腹如锅，因为男胎面对母亲，背脊抵住腹部，形状正圆，所以像锅。
沈尧封说：《内经》关于妊娠的几条论述，只有“阴搏阳别”，尤为精妙。《素问》诊法，上部候上身，下部候下身。气血聚于上，则寸脉盛；气血聚于下，则尺脉盛：这是必然的趋势。试用于疮疡，无不灵验；何况胎在腹中，气血大聚，难道反而没有征验的道理吗？胎系于肾，在身半以下，所以见于尺部。但是人的体质不同，有的本脉大，有的本脉小，即使怀孕时，有的见到动脉，有的不见动脉，然而尺部或疾或数，总与寸脉迥然不同。仔细审察自然明白，至于左右男女也是如此。受孕时偏左成男，气血聚于左则左重，所以呼唤时向左顾便，脉必显现于左尺；受孕时偏右成女，气血聚于右则右重，呼唤时向右顾便，脉必显现于右尺。这是一定的道理。至于丹溪说男受胎于左子宫，女受胎于右子宫，这是语言上的毛病，犹言偏于子宫之左，偏于子宫之右罢了！原本并非有两个子宫。
王孟英按语：诸家的论述，都有至理，但都有验证和不验证的情况。我从童年就专门研究于此，三十年来，见闻很多。有刚受孕而脉象立即显呈于指下的；有半月一月后才见于脉的；有二三个月才见于脉的；有开始见到孕脉，而五六月之后反而不见孕脉的；有始终不见于脉的；有受孕后反而出现弦涩细数之象的；甚至有两脉反沉伏难寻的。古人所论，原是各自抒发心得，无奈死法不可以限制活人，纸上谈兵，未曾阅历的人，哪里足以谈论这个。只有今年春天与杨素园大令谈论此事，极蒙折服，大概是深尝此中甘苦吧。回忆辛丑年秋天，诊周光远夫人的脉，右寸关忽然出现弦大滑疾，上溢鱼际之象，平素的脉，从未见过这样，颇为惊骇，及询问起居，诸无所苦，只是月经推迟半个月而已！我说：是怀孕，并可断定其为男孩。后来其公公孙际初听说后，诊脉认为是女脉，说：怀孕或许是这样，恐怕是女孩怀孕。我说：肺象乎天，现在右寸脉最弦滑，且见上溢之象，岂不是本乎天者亲上吗？孙先生说：这虽然是君子独创的解释，但极有理，终究不知道瓜红何似呢？等到壬寅年夏天，果然生了一个男孩。聊附一端，作为那些死板谈论脉象者的借鉴。
The *Suwen* (Basic Questions) states: When the Foot Shaoyin pulse of a woman is markedly active, it indicates pregnancy.
Shen Yaofeng states: The Foot Shaoyin refers to the Kidney pulse. "Active" (Dong) describes a pulsation that feels like a bean quivering and moving. Wang Taipu (Wang Bing) annotated this as the Hand Shaoyin pulse. The Hand Shaoyin pulse should be located in the depression at the end of the styloid process of the ulna on the posterior aspect of the wrist, directly opposite the little finger, not the Taiyuan (LU9) pulse; there must be a basis for this. Quan Yuanqi annotated it as the Foot Shaoyin pulse, to be palpated at the Chi (cun) position. The classic states: "The Chi position reflects the interior of the abdomen." Since the fetus is in the abdomen, it should manifest at the Chi position; this is closer to reason.
The *Suwen* states: When the Yin pulse beats strongly and is distinct from the Yang pulse, it is called having a child.
Shen Yaofeng states: Wang's commentary explains: "Yin" refers to the Chi position; "Bo" means touching the hand. If the Chi pulse beats vigorously and is distinctly different from the Cun position, it is a sign of pregnancy.
The *Suwen* states: How do we know that a pregnant woman is about to give birth? It is answered: The body shows signs of illness, but the pulse lacks pathogenic characteristics.
The *Nanjing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: In women, the Kidney connects to the Bao (uterus). If the pulses at the three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) are equal in floating and sinking depth, and do not cease upon heavy pressure, it indicates pregnancy.
Shen Yaofeng states: Shuhe (Wang Shuhe) said: If a woman's pulses at the three positions are equal in floating and sinking depth, and do not cease when pressed by hand, she is pregnant. At the beginning of pregnancy, the Cun pulse is faint, with five breaths per pulse beat. After three months, the Chi pulse becomes rapid; if the pulse is slippery and rapid, and does not scatter under heavy pressure, the fetus is three months old. If the pulse does not scatter under heavy pressure but is only rapid without being slippery, it indicates five months. This is the meaning of "Yin Bo Yang Bie": it refers to the Chi pulse being slippery and rapid, while the Cun pulse is minute and small; the difference between the Chi and Cun pulses indicates pregnancy.
Wang Shuhe stated: In the fourth month of pregnancy, a rapid pulse on the left indicates a male fetus, a rapid pulse on the right indicates a female fetus, and a rapid pulse on both sides indicates twins.
He also stated: A larger-than-normal pulse at the left Chi indicates a male; a larger-than-normal pulse at the right Chi indicates a female; enlargement at both Chis indicates twins. "Larger" implies a fullness, which is the meaning of "Yin Bo." The Chi pulse is solid and large, distinctly different from the Cun pulse, merely distinguishing males (left) and females (right).
He further stated: A deep and solid pulse on the left indicates a male; a floating and large pulse on the right indicates a female.
Lou Quanshan stated: According to Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng), conception occurs in the left uterus for males and the right uterus for females. Applying this to pulse diagnosis, the principle is the same. If the fetus is on the left, Qi and Blood protect the fetus and must be abundant on the left; thus, a rapid left pulse or a large left pulse indicates a male. If the fetus is on the right, Qi and Blood protect the fetus and must be abundant on the right; thus, a rapid right pulse or a large right pulse indicates a female. This is similar to the classic text "Yin Bo Yang Bie, Wei Zhi You Zi": it means the fetus is below the midpoint of the body, and Qi and Blood protecting the fetus must be abundant below; therefore, the Chi pulse beats vigorously, distinctly different from the Cun pulse.
The *Qianjin Fang* states: Have the pregnant woman walk facing south, and call her from behind. If she turns her head to the left, it is a boy; if she turns her head to the right, it is a girl. Furthermore, a woman's abdomen resembles a winnowing basket because the female fetus faces away from the mother, with feet and knees pressing against the abdomen, making it wider at the bottom and narrower at the top. A man's abdomen resembles a pot because the male fetus faces the mother, with his back pressing against the abdomen, making its shape perfectly round.
Shen Yaofeng stated: Among the several passages in the *Neijing* regarding pregnancy, "Yin Bo Yang Bie" is particularly profound. The diagnostic method of the *Suwen* holds that the upper part reflects the upper body, and the lower part reflects the lower body. When Qi and Blood gather above, the Cun pulse becomes strong; when Qi and Blood gather below, the Chi pulse becomes strong; this is the natural trend. Testing this on sores and ulcers proves effective every time; how much more so for a fetus in the abdomen where Qi and Blood gather significantly, would it lack such manifestations? The fetus is connected to the Kidney and lies below the midpoint of the body, hence it manifests in the Chi position. However, human constitutions vary; some have naturally large pulses, others small. Even during pregnancy, some show an active pulse, others do not. Nevertheless, whether the Chi pulse is rapid or frequent, it is always distinctly different from the Cun pulse. Careful examination will reveal this truth, including the distinction between left and right for gender determination. Conception偏向 the left results in a male; Qi and Blood gather on the left, making it heavier, so calling causes a leftward glance, and the pulse manifests at the left Chi. Conception偏向 the right results in a female; Qi and Blood gather on the right, making it heavier, so calling causes a rightward glance, and the pulse manifests at the right Chi. This is a fixed principle. As for Danxi's statement that males conceive in the left uterus and females in the right uterus, this is a linguistic imprecision, meaning biased towards the left side of the uterus or the right side of the uterus! It originally did not imply two separate uteri.
Wang Mengying added notes: The discussions of various schools contain sound reasoning, yet their verification varies. I have specialized in this study since childhood, and over thirty years, I have witnessed many cases. Some show clear pregnancy pulses immediately upon conception; some appear after half a month or one month; some after two or three months. Some initially show pregnancy pulses but lose them after five or six months. Some never show pregnancy pulses throughout. Some exhibit wiry, choppy, fine, and rapid qualities after conception. Some even present with deep and hidden pulses that are difficult to find. The theories of the ancients were expressions of personal insight, but rigid methods cannot limit living beings. Those who discuss medicine only on paper without clinical experience are hardly qualified to discuss this. Only this spring, when discussing this with Magistrate Yang Suyuan, was I deeply convinced, likely due to his profound experience in this field. Recalling the autumn of Xinchou year, I diagnosed the pulse of Lady Zhou Guangyuan. Suddenly, the right Cun and Guan positions showed wiry, large, slippery, and rapid qualities, overflowing into the Yuji area. Her usual pulse had never shown this, which was quite startling. Upon asking about her daily life, she reported no discomfort, only a menstrual delay of half a month. I said: It is pregnancy, and I can predict it is a male. Later, her father-in-law, Sun Jichu, heard of this, examined the pulse, and identified it as a female pulse, saying: Pregnancy might be possible, but fear it is a female fetus. I said: The Lung corresponds to Heaven. Now, the right Cun pulse is most wiry and slippery, showing an overflowing quality. Is this not indicating that what belongs to Heaven tends upward? Mr. Sun said: Although this is a novel interpretation by a gentleman, it is very reasonable, but we still do not know what the child will look like. By the summer of Renyin year, she indeed gave birth to a boy. I briefly attach this case as a warning to those who discuss pulse diagnosis dogmatically.