太阴之为病，腹满而吐，食不下，自利益甚，时腹自痛。若下之，必胸下结硬。
太阴为病，阳邪传里也。太阴之脉，布胃中，邪气壅而为腹满。上不得降者，呕吐而食不下；下不得
升（医统本作“上”）者，自利益甚，时腹自痛。阴寒在内而为腹痛者，则为常痛；此阳邪干里，虽痛而亦
不常痛，但时时腹自痛也。若下之，则阴邪留于胸下为结硬。经曰，病发于阴，而反下之，因作痞。
太阴中风，四肢烦疼，阳微阴涩而长者，为欲愈。
太阴，脾也，主营四末。太阴中风，四肢烦疼者，风淫末疾也。表邪少则微，里向和则涩而长。长者
阳也，阴病见阳脉则生，以阴得阳则解，故云欲愈。
太阴病欲解时，从亥至丑上。
脾为阴土，王于丑、亥、子，向阳，（医统本作“王”）故云（医统本作“为”）解时。
太阴病脉浮者，可发汗，宜桂枝汤。（赵本有“桂枝汤方”详见卷二）
经曰∶浮为在表，沉为在里。太阴病脉浮者，邪在经也，故当汗散之。
自利不渴者，属太阴，以其脏有寒故也，当温之。宜服四逆辈。
自利而渴者，属少阴，为寒在下焦；自利不渴者，属太阴，
为寒在中焦，与四逆等汤，以温其脏。
伤寒脉浮而缓，手足自温者，系在太阴。太阴当发身黄；若小便自利者，不能发黄。至七八日，虽暴烦，
下利日十余行，必自止，以脾家实，腐秽当去故也。
太阴病至七八日，大便硬者，为太阴入腑，传于阳明也。今至七八日，暴烦，下利十余行者，脾家实，
腐秽去也。下利烦躁者死；此以脾气和，逐邪下泄，故虽暴烦，下利日十余行，而利必自止。
本太阳病，医反下之，因而（赵本作“尔”）腹满时痛者，属太阴也，桂枝加芍药汤主之。（赵本有“
桂枝加芍药汤方”详见卷十）
表邪未罢，医下之，邪因乘虚传于太阴，里气不和，故腹满时痛，与桂枝汤以解表，加芍药以和里。
大实痛者，桂枝加大黄汤主之。（赵本有“桂枝加大黄汤方”详见卷十）
大实大满，自可除下之，故加大黄以下大实。
太阴为病脉弱，其人续自便利，设当行大黄芍药者，宜减之，以其人胃气弱，易动故也。（赵本注∶“下
利者，先煎芍药三沸”）
腹满痛者，太阴病也。脉弱，其人续自便利，则邪虽在里，未成大实。欲与大黄、芍药攻满痛者，宜
少与之，以胃气尚弱，易为动利也。
太阴病的主要表现是：腹部胀满，呕吐，饮食难以下咽，腹泻逐渐加重，时常出现腹部自发性疼痛。如果误用攻下法治疗，必然导致胸膈下方痞结坚硬。
太阴病，是阳热邪气传入体内的结果。太阴经脉分布于胃中，邪气壅滞导致腹部胀满。气机上逆不能下降，就会呕吐且饮食不下；气机下陷不能上升（医统本作“上”），就会导致腹泻加重，时常腹部自发性疼痛。如果是阴寒内盛引起的腹痛，通常是持续性的疼痛；而这里是阳热邪气干扰体内，虽然疼痛但也不是持续性的，只是时不时地腹部自发性疼痛。如果误用攻下法，阴寒邪气就会滞留于胸膈下方形成痞结坚硬。《内经》说：“病发于阴证，却反而使用攻下法，因此会导致痞证。”
太阴经受风邪侵袭，四肢感到烦扰疼痛，脉象表现为微涩而长，这是病情即将痊愈的征兆。
太阴对应脾脏，主管四肢末端。太阴经受风邪侵袭，四肢烦扰疼痛，这是风邪侵袭四肢末端的疾病。表邪轻微则症状减轻，里气调和则脉象呈现涩而长的特征。长脉属阳，阴病见到阳脉说明正气尚存，以阴得阳助则病解，所以说病情即将痊愈。
太阴病有望缓解的时间段，是从亥时到丑时。
脾属于阴土，在丑、亥、子时当令旺盛，趋向于阳气，所以说是这些时间段病情有望缓解。（医统本作“王”，故云作“为”）
太阴病若脉象浮，可以使用发汗法，适宜服用桂枝汤。（赵本中有“桂枝汤方”，详见卷二）
《内经》说：“浮脉表示病在表，沉脉表示病在里。”太阴病脉象浮，说明邪气仍在经络，所以应当通过发汗来疏散邪气。
腹泻且不口渴的，属于太阴病，因为脏腑内有寒邪，应当采用温法治疗。适宜服用四逆汤类方剂。
腹泻且口渴的，属于少阴病，是因为寒邪在下焦；腹泻且不口渴的，属于太阴病，是因为寒邪在中焦，应当给予四逆汤等方剂，以温暖脏腑。
伤寒病脉象浮而缓，手足自然温暖的，病系属于太阴。太阴病通常会出现身体发黄；但如果小便通畅自利，就不会发黄。到了七八天，即使突然烦躁，每天腹泻十几次，必定会自行停止，这是因为脾气恢复充实，腐败秽浊之物得以排出的缘故。
太阴病到了七八天，大便变硬的，是太阴病转入腑证，传变为阳明病。现在到了七八天，突然烦躁，腹泻十几次，这是脾气恢复充实，腐败秽浊之物排出的表现。如果腹泻伴随烦躁不安则是死证；这里是因为脾气调和，驱逐邪气向下排泄，所以虽然突然烦躁，每天腹泻十几次，但腹泻必定会自行停止。
原本患太阳病，医生反而使用了攻下法，因而导致腹部胀满、时常疼痛的，属于太阴病，应当由桂枝加芍药汤主治。（赵本中有“桂枝加芍药汤方”，详见卷十）
表邪尚未解除，医生误用攻下法，邪气趁机乘虚传入太阴，里气不和，所以腹部胀满且时常疼痛。给予桂枝汤以解除表邪，加入芍药以调和里气。
如果腹部胀满疼痛非常严重的，由桂枝加大黄汤主治。（赵本中有“桂枝加大黄汤方”，详见卷十）
对于大实大满之证，本来就可以使用攻下法，所以加入大黄以攻下大实之邪。
太阴病脉象虚弱，患者持续大便通利，假如需要使用大黄、芍药的，应当减少剂量，因为患者胃气虚弱，容易因药物刺激而导致腹泻。（赵本注：“下利者，先煎芍药三沸”）
腹部胀满疼痛，是太阴病的表现。脉象虚弱，患者持续大便通利，说明邪气虽然在体内，但未形成严重的大实证。想要用大黄、芍药攻逐胀满疼痛，应当少量给予，因为胃气仍然虚弱，容易引发腹泻。
Taiyin disease is characterized by abdominal fullness, vomiting, inability to take food, worsening spontaneous diarrhea, and occasional spontaneous abdominal pain. If purgation is applied, it will inevitably lead to hardness and obstruction below the chest.
Taiyin disease results from the transmission of yang pathogenic factors into the interior. The Taiyin meridian spreads through the stomach; when pathogenic factors stagnate, abdominal fullness occurs. When qi fails to descend, vomiting and inability to ingest food result; when qi fails to ascend (in some editions, "ascend" is written as "above"), spontaneous diarrhea worsens, accompanied by occasional spontaneous abdominal pain. Abdominal pain caused by internal yin-cold is typically constant; however, in this case, where yang pathogenic factors interfere with the interior, although there is pain, it is not constant but rather occasional spontaneous abdominal pain. If purgation is mistakenly used, yin pathogenic factors remain in the lower chest, causing hardness and obstruction. As stated in the classics: "When a disease originates from yin, and purgation is wrongly applied, pi-syndrome (glomus) ensues."
In Taiyin wind-stroke, there is distressing pain in the four limbs. If the pulse is slightly choppy yet long, recovery is imminent.
Taiyin corresponds to the Spleen, which governs the four extremities. In Taiyin wind-stroke, distressing pain in the limbs indicates wind-pathogen affecting the extremities. When exterior pathogenic factors are mild, symptoms subside; when interior harmony is restored, the pulse becomes choppy yet long. A long pulse belongs to yang; when a yin-disease presents with a yang-pulse, life is preserved because yin resolves upon receiving yang assistance. Hence, it is said that recovery is imminent.
The time when Taiyin disease tends to resolve is from Hai hour to Chou hour.
The Spleen is Yin-Earth, which prospers during Chou, Hai, and Zi hours, trending toward Yang. Therefore, these are considered times for resolution. (Some editions use "Wang" instead of "Wang", and "Wei" instead of "Yun").
If the pulse in Taiyin disease is floating, sweating therapy may be employed, preferably using Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). (Zhao's edition contains the formula for Guizhi Tang, see Volume 2).
The classics state: "Floating indicates the exterior, sinking indicates the interior." A floating pulse in Taiyin disease indicates that the pathogen remains in the meridians; thus, it should be dispersed through sweating.
Spontaneous diarrhea without thirst belongs to Taiyin, due to cold in the zang-organs; warming treatment is indicated. Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) or similar formulas are appropriate.
Spontaneous diarrhea with thirst belongs to Shaoyin, due to cold in the Lower Jiao; spontaneous diarrhea without thirst belongs to Taiyin, due to cold in the Middle Jiao. Formulas such as Si Ni Tang should be administered to warm the zang-organs.
In Shanghan (Cold Damage), if the pulse is floating and slow, and the hands and feet are naturally warm, the condition is associated with Taiyin. Taiyin disease typically manifests with jaundice; however, if urination is normal and spontaneous, jaundice will not develop. By the seventh or eighth day, even if sudden irritability occurs with diarrhea occurring more than ten times a day, it will necessarily stop spontaneously. This is because the Spleen Qi has become substantial, allowing foul and turbid matter to be expelled.
If Taiyin disease persists to the seventh or eighth day and stool becomes hard, it indicates the disease has entered the Fu-organs and transmitted to Yangming. However, in the current scenario, at the seventh or eighth day, sudden irritability with diarrhea exceeding ten times a day indicates that Spleen Qi is substantial and foul matter is being expelled. Diarrhea accompanied by restlessness is a sign of death; here, because Spleen Qi is harmonious and expelling pathogens downward, although there is sudden irritability and frequent diarrhea, it will cease spontaneously.
Originally suffering from Taiyang disease, if the physician wrongly applies purgation, leading to abdominal fullness and occasional pain, the condition belongs to Taiyin. It should be treated with Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus White Peony Root). (Zhao's edition contains the formula for Guizhi Jia Shaoyao Tang, see Volume 10).
Since the exterior pathogen has not resolved, and the physician wrongly used purgation, the pathogen enters Taiyin via deficiency. Interior disharmony causes abdominal fullness and occasional pain. Guizhi Tang is used to release the exterior, while adding Shaoyao (White Peony Root) harmonizes the interior.
In cases of severe fullness and pain, Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Rhubarb) is indicated. (Zhao's edition contains the formula for Guizhi Jia Dahuang Tang, see Volume 10).
For conditions of extreme excess and fullness, purgation is naturally applicable; therefore, Dahuang (Rhubarb) is added to purge extreme excess.
In Taiyin disease, if the pulse is weak and the patient continues to have loose stools, if Da Huang (Rhubarb) and Shao Yao (White Peony Root) were to be used, their dosages should be reduced because the patient's Stomach Qi is weak and prone to inducing diarrhea. (Zhao's edition notes: "For patients with diarrhea, boil Shaoyao for three boils first.")
Abdominal fullness and pain indicate Taiyin disease. If the pulse is weak and the patient continues to have loose stools, although the pathogen is in the interior, it has not formed a severe excess syndrome. If one intends to use Da Huang and Shao Yao to attack fullness and pain, the dosage should be small because Stomach Qi is still weak and easily disturbed, leading to diarrhea.