伤寒所致太阳，（赵本有“病”字） 、湿、 （赵本有“此”字）三
种，宜应别论，以为与伤寒相似，故此见之。
，当作痉，传写之误也。 者恶也，非强也。《内经》曰∶肺移热于肾，传为柔 。柔为筋柔而无力，
痉谓骨痉而不随。痉者，强也，千金以强直为痉。经曰∶颈项强急，口噤背反张者痉。即是观之， 为痉字明矣。
太阳病，发热无汗，反恶寒者，名曰刚 。
《千金》曰∶太阳中风，重感寒湿，则变 。太阳病，发热无汗，为表实，则不当恶寒，今反恶寒者，
则太阳中风，重感于寒，为 病也。以表实感寒，故名刚 。
太阳病，发热汗出，（赵本有“而”字）不恶汗者，（赵本无“者”
字）名曰柔 。
太阳病，发热汗出为表虚，则当恶寒，其不恶寒者，为阳明病。今发热汗出，而不恶寒者，非阳明证，则
是太阳中风，重感于湿，为柔 也。表虚感湿，故曰柔 。
太阳病，发热，脉沉而细者，名曰 。
太阳主表，太阳病，发热为表病，脉当浮大，今脉反沉细，既不愈，则太阳中风，重感于湿，而为 也。
《金匮要略》曰∶太阳病，其证备，身体强，KT KT 然，脉反沉迟，此为 ，栝蒌桂枝汤主之。
太阳病，发汗太多，因致 。
太阳病，发汗太多，则亡阳。《内经》曰∶阳气者，精则养神，柔则养筋。阳微不能养筋，则筋脉紧急
而成 也。
病身热足寒，颈项强急，恶寒，时头热面赤，目脉赤，独头面（赵本注∶一本无面字）摇，卒口噤，
背反张者， 病也。
太阳中风，为纯中风也，太阳伤寒，为纯伤寒也，皆不作 。惟是太阳中风，重感寒湿，乃变为 也。
身热足寒者，寒湿伤下也。时头热面赤，目脉赤，风伤于上也。头摇者，风主动也，独头摇者，头为诸阳
之会，风伤阳也，若纯伤风者，身亦为之动摇，手足为之搐搦，此者内挟寒湿，故头摇也。口噤者，
寒主急也，卒口噤者，不常噤也，有时而缓，若风寒相抟，则口噤而不时开，此者加之风湿，故卒口噤也。
足太阳之脉，起于目内 ，上额交巅上，其支别者，从巅入络脑，还出别下项，循肩膊内，夹脊抵腰中，
下贯臀，以下至足，风寒客于经中，则筋脉拘急，故颈项强急而背反张也。
太阳病，关节疼痛而烦，脉沉而细（赵本注∶“一作缓”
）者，此名湿痹。（赵本注∶“一云中湿”）湿痹之候，其人小便不利，大便反快，但当利其小便。
《金匮要略》曰∶雾伤皮腠，湿流关节，疼痛而烦者，湿气内流也。湿同水也，脉沉而细者，水性趣
下也。痹，痛也。因其关节烦疼，而名曰湿痹，非香港脚之痹也。《内经》曰∶湿胜则濡泄。小便不利，大便
反快者，湿气内胜也。但当利其小便，以宣泄腹中湿气。古云∶治湿之病，不利小便，非其治也。
湿家之为病，一身尽疼，发热，身色如似熏黄。
身黄如橘子色者，阳明瘀热也。此身色如似熏黄，即非阳明瘀热。身黄发热者，栀子柏皮汤主之，为表
里有热，则身不疼痛。此一身尽疼，非伤寒客热也，知湿邪在经而使之，脾恶湿，湿伤，则脾病而色见，是
以身发黄者，为其黄如烟熏，非正黄色也。
湿家，其人但头汗出，背强，欲得被覆向火，若下之，早则哕，胸满，小便不利，舌上如苔者，以丹田有
热，胸中有寒，渴欲得水而不能饮，则（赵本无“则”字）口燥烦也。
湿家，有风湿、有寒湿，此寒湿相搏者也。湿胜则多汗，伤寒则无汗，寒湿相搏，虽有汗而不能周身，故
但头汗出也。背阳也，腹阴也，太阳之脉，夹脊抵腰，太阳客寒湿，表气不利，而背强也。里有邪者，外不恶
寒，表有邪者，则恶寒。欲得被覆向火者，寒湿在表而恶寒也。若下之早，则伤动胃气，损其津
液，故致哕而胸满、小便不利。下后里虚，上焦阳气因虚而陷于下焦，为丹田有热，表中寒乘而入于胸中，为
胸上有寒，使舌上生白苔滑也。脏燥则欲饮水，以胸上客寒湿，故不能饮而但口燥烦也。
湿家下之，额上汗出，微喘，小便利（赵本注∶“一云不利”）者，死。若下利不止者，亦死。
湿家发汗则愈。《金匮要略》曰∶湿家身烦疼，可与麻黄加术四两，发其汗为宜；若妄下则大逆。额上
汗出而微喘者，乃阳气上逆也。小便自利或下利者，阴气下流也。阴阳相离，
故云死矣。《内经》曰∶阴阳离决，精气乃绝。
问曰∶风湿相搏，一身尽疼痛，（赵本作“病”）法当汗出而解，值天阴雨不止，医云∶此可发汗，汗
之病不愈者，何也？答曰∶发其汗，汗大出者，但风气去，湿气在，是故不愈也。若治风湿者，发其汗，但微
微似欲汗出（赵本作“出汗”）者，风湿俱去也。
值天阴雨不止，明其湿胜也。《内经》曰∶阳受风气，阴受湿气。又曰∶伤于风者，上先受之；伤于
湿者，下先受之。风湿相搏，则风在外，而湿在内。汗大出者，其气暴，暴则外邪出，而里邪不能出，故风去
而湿在。汗微微而出者，其气缓，缓则内外之邪皆出，故风湿俱去也。
湿家病，身上疼痛，发热面黄而喘，头痛，鼻塞而烦，其脉大，自能饮食，腹中和无病，病在头
中寒湿，故鼻塞，内药鼻中，则愈。
病有浅深，证有中外，此则湿气浅者也。何以言之？湿家不云关节烦疼，而云身上疼痛，是湿气不流关节
而外客肌表也；不云发热身似熏黄，复云发热面黄而喘，是湿不干于脾而薄于上焦也。阴受湿气，则湿邪
为深，今头痛，鼻塞而烦，是湿客于阳，而不客于阴也。湿家之脉当沉细，为湿气内流，脉大者阳也，则湿不内
流，而外在表也。又以自能饮食，胸腹别无满痞，为腹中和无病，知其湿气微浅，内药鼻中，以宣泄头中寒
湿。
病者一身尽疼，发热，日晡所剧者，此名风湿。此病伤于汗出当风，或久伤取冷所致也。
一身尽疼者，湿也；发热日晡所剧者，风也。若汗出当风而得之者，则先客湿而后感风；若久伤取冷
得之者，则先伤风而后中湿。可与麻黄杏仁薏苡仁甘草汤，见《金匮要略》中。
太阳中热者， 是也。其人汗出恶寒，身热而渴也。
汗出恶寒，身热而不渴者，中风也。汗出恶寒，身热而渴者，中 也。白虎加人参汤主之，见《金匮
要略》中方。
太阳中 者，身热疼重，而脉微弱，此亦（赵本作“以”）夏月伤冷水，水行皮中所致也。
经曰∶脉虚身热，得之伤暑。身热脉微弱者， 也。身体疼重者，水也。夏时暑热，以水灌洗而得之。
一物瓜蒂散主之，见《金匮要略》中方。
太阳中 者，发热恶寒，身重而疼痛，其脉弦细芤迟，小便已，洒洒然毛耸，手足逆冷，小有劳，身即热，
口开，前板齿燥。若发汗，则恶寒甚；加温针，则发热甚；数下之，则淋甚。
病有在表、有在里者，有表里俱病者。此则表里俱病者也。发热恶寒，身重疼痛者，表中 也；脉弦细
芤迟者，中暑脉虚也；小便已，洒洒然毛耸，手足逆冷者，太阳经气不足也；小有劳，身即热者，谓劳动其
阳，而 即发也；口开，前板齿燥者，重（医统本作“里”）有热也。《内经》曰∶因于暑汗，烦则喘喝。口
开，谓喘喝也，以喘喝不止，故前板齿干燥。若发汗以去表邪，则外虚阳气，故恶寒甚；若以温针助阳，则火
热内攻，故发热
甚；若下之，以除里热则内虚，而膀胱燥，故淋甚。
伤寒所导致的太阳病、痉病、湿病这三种，应当分别论述，因为它们与伤寒症状相似，所以在此一并列出。
“痓”字，应当是“痉”字，这是传抄过程中的错误。“痓”的意思是恶寒，而不是强直。《内经》说：肺将热邪转移给肾，会传变为柔痓。柔痓表现为筋脉松弛而无力；痉则表现为骨节僵硬且不能随意运动。痉的意思是强直，《千金方》以强直称为痉。经书说：颈项强急、牙关紧闭、角弓反张的，就是痉病。由此看来，“痓”即为“痉”字是明确的。
《千金方》说：太阳中风证，又重感寒湿，就会转变为痓病。太阳病，发热无汗，属于表实证，本不应怕冷，现在反而怕冷，这是太阳中风证，又重感了寒邪，成为痓病。因为表实感受寒邪，所以名叫刚痓。
太阳病，发热、汗出，不恶风（赵本有“而”字）不恶寒者（赵本无“者”字），名叫柔痓（柔痉）。
太阳病，发热汗出属于表虚证，本应当怕冷，如果不怕冷，那是阳明病。现在发热汗出，却不怕冷，这不是阳明证的特征，而是太阳中风证，又重感了湿邪，成为柔痓。因为表虚感受湿邪，所以叫作柔痓。
太阳主表，太阳病发热属于表病，脉象应当浮大，现在脉象反而沉细，病情未愈，这是太阳中风证，又重感了湿邪，从而变成痓病。
《金匮要略》说：太阳病，症状具备，身体强直，KT KT然（形容身体强直的样子），脉象反而沉迟，这是痓病，用栝蒌桂枝汤主治。
太阳病，发汗过多，会导致亡阳。《内经》说：阳气，精微部分能养神，柔和部分能养筋。阳气微弱不能养筋，就会导致筋脉紧急而成痓病。
病人身体发热、脚冷，颈项强急，怕冷，有时头部发热、面部发红，眼结膜充血，只有头摇动，突然牙关紧闭，角弓反张的，这是痓病。
太阳中风，是单纯的中风；太阳伤寒，是单纯的伤寒，都不会产生痓病。只有太阳中风证，又重感寒湿，才会转变为痓病。
身体发热、脚冷，是因为寒湿损伤了下部。有时头部发热、面部发红、眼结膜充血，是因为风邪伤及上部。头摇动，是因为风性主动。只有头摇动，是因为头为诸阳之会，风邪伤了阳气。如果是单纯的风邪伤人，身体也会随之动摇，手足抽搐，这里是因为内部夹杂寒湿，所以只有头摇动。牙关紧闭，是因为寒性主收引拘急。突然牙关紧闭，是指不是经常紧闭，有时会有所缓解。如果是风寒相搏结，就会牙关紧闭且不时张开，这里是因为加上风湿，所以突然牙关紧闭。
足太阳膀胱经的经脉，起于目内眦，上行至额部，交会于头顶。其分支，从头顶入络脑，复出别下行项后，沿肩膊内侧，夹脊柱，抵达腰部，向下贯穿臀部，以下到达足部。风寒客居于经络之中，就会导致筋脉拘急，所以出现颈项强急和角弓反张。
太阳病，关节疼痛且烦扰不安，脉象沉而细（赵本注：“一作缓”）的，这名叫湿痹。（赵本注：“一云中湿”）湿痹的候象，病人小便不利，大便反而通畅，治疗只应当通利小便。
《金匮要略》说：雾邪伤害皮腠，湿气流注关节，疼痛且烦扰不安，这是湿气内流。湿与水同类，脉象沉而细，是因为水性趋下。痹，就是痛的意思。因为关节烦疼，所以名叫湿痹，不是香港脚那种痹症。《内经》说：湿胜则导致濡泄。小便不利，大便反而通畅，是湿气内盛的表现。只应当通利小便，以宣泄腹中的湿气。古语说：治疗湿病，不通利小便，就不是正确的治疗方法。
身体黄得像橘子色，是阳明瘀热。这里身体颜色像被烟熏过的黄，就不是阳明瘀热。身体发黄且发热，用栀子柏皮汤主治，这是因为表里有热，所以身体不疼痛。这里是全身都疼痛，不是伤寒客热所致，可知是湿邪在经络中引起的。脾恶湿，湿邪伤脾，则脾病而面色显现，所以身体发黄。这种黄如烟熏，不是正黄色。
患湿病的病人，只有头部出汗，背部强急，想要盖被子靠近火源取暖。如果误用攻下法，早则会出现呃逆、胸满、小便不利、舌上生苔等症状，这是因为丹田有热，胸中有寒，口渴想喝水却不能喝，所以口燥烦闷。
患湿病，有风湿、有寒湿，这里是寒湿相搏结的情况。湿胜则多汗，伤寒则无汗，寒湿相搏，虽然有汗但不能遍及周身，所以只有头部出汗。背属阳，腹属阴，太阳经脉夹脊抵腰，太阳经受客寒湿侵袭，表气不利，所以背部强急。里有邪气，外部就不怕冷；表有邪气，就会怕冷。想要盖被子靠近火源，是因为寒湿在表而怕冷。如果过早使用攻下法，就会损伤胃气，耗损津液，从而导致呃逆、胸满、小便不利。攻下之后里虚，上焦阳气因虚而下陷于下焦，形成丹田有热；表中的寒乘虚而入于胸中，形成胸上有寒，使舌上生出白滑苔。脏燥则想饮水，但因为胸上有客寒湿，所以不能喝水而只是口燥烦闷。
患湿病的人误用攻下法，额头出汗，微微气喘，小便自利的（赵本注：“一云不利”），预后不良，主死。如果腹泻不止的，也主死。
患湿病的人，发汗则可以痊愈。《金匮要略》说：患湿病身体烦疼，可以用麻黄加术四两，发其汗为宜；如果妄用攻下法则是大逆。额头出汗而微微气喘，是阳气上逆。小便自利或腹泻，是阴气下流。阴阳分离，所以说预后不良。《内经》说：阴阳离决，精气乃绝。
问曰：风湿相搏结，全身都疼痛，（赵本作“病”）按照法则应当发汗而解，正值阴雨天气不停，医生说：这可以发汗，发了汗病却不愈，为什么呢？答曰：发其汗，如果汗出太多，只是风气去了，湿气还在，所以不愈。如果治疗风湿，发其汗，只要微微似欲出汗（赵本作“出汗”）的样子，风湿就能一起去除。
正值阴雨天气不停，说明湿气胜。《内经》说：阳受风气，阴受湿气。又说：伤于风者，上部先受之；伤于湿者，下部先受之。风湿相搏结，则风在外，而湿在内。汗出太多，其气暴烈，暴烈则外邪出，而里邪不能出，所以风去而湿在。汗微微而出，其气缓和，缓和则内外之邪皆出，所以风湿俱去。
患湿病的病人，身上疼痛，发热、面黄而喘，头痛，鼻塞且烦闷，脉象大，自己能饮食，腹部调和没有病，病在头中的寒湿，所以鼻塞，将药物纳入鼻中，则痊愈。
病有浅深，证有中外，这属于湿气浅的情况。为什么这么说？患湿病不说关节烦疼，而说身上疼痛，是湿气没有流注关节而是外客肌表；不说发热身体像烟熏黄，又说发热面黄而喘，是湿不干犯脾而迫于上焦。阴受湿气，则湿邪为深，现在头痛、鼻塞且烦闷，是湿客居阳分，而不客居阴分。患湿病的脉象应当沉细，因为湿气内流，脉大则是阳脉，说明湿不内流，而在外在表。又因为自己能饮食，胸腹别无胀满痞塞，知道腹部调和没有病，知其湿气微浅，将药物纳入鼻中，以宣泄头中的寒湿。
病人全身都疼痛，发热，每天下午申时加剧的，这名叫风湿。这个病是由于出汗当风，或者久处寒冷环境取冷所导致的。
全身都疼痛，是湿邪；发热在下午申时加剧，是风邪。如果是出汗当风而得的，则是先客湿后感风；如果是久处寒冷环境取冷而得的，则是先伤风而后中湿。可以用麻黄杏仁薏苡仁甘草汤，见《金匮要略》中。
汗出、恶寒、身热而不渴的，是中风。汗出、恶寒、身热而渴的，是中暑。用白虎加人参汤主治，见《金匮要略》中方。
太阳中暑者，身体发热、疼痛沉重，而脉象微弱，这也是因为夏月伤冷水，水行皮中所致。
经书说：脉虚身热，得之于伤暑。身热脉微弱，是暑邪。身体疼痛沉重，是水湿。夏季暑热时，用水灌洗而得此病。用一物瓜蒂散主治，见《金匮要略》中方。
太阳中暑者，发热恶寒，身体沉重而疼痛，脉象弦细芤迟，小便结束后，洒洒然毛发耸立，手足逆冷，稍微劳动，身体即发热，张口呼吸，上前齿干燥。如果发汗，则恶寒更甚；加温针，则发热更甚；多次攻下，则淋证更甚。
病有在表、有在里的，有表里俱病的。这属于表里俱病的情况。发热恶寒，身体沉重疼痛，是表中有暑邪；脉弦细芤迟，是中暑脉虚的表现；小便结束，洒洒然毛发耸立，手足逆冷，是太阳经气不足；稍微劳动，身体即发热，是说劳动扰动阳气，而暑邪即发作；张口，上前齿干燥，是里有热。《内经》说：因于暑汗，烦则喘喝。张口，就是喘喝的意思，因为喘喝不止，所以上前齿干燥。如果用发汗法去除表邪，则外虚阳气，所以恶寒更甚；如果用温针助阳，则火热内攻，所以发热更甚；如果用攻下法，以除里热则内虚，而膀胱燥，所以淋证更甚。
The Taiyang disease (Taiyang syndrome), Jing (spasm/stiffness), and Shi (dampness) caused by Shanghan (cold damage) are three types that should be discussed separately, as they resemble Shanghan symptoms, hence they are presented here.
"Zhi" should be "Jing", which is a transcription error. "Zhi" means aversion to cold, not stiffness. The *Neijing* states: "When lung heat transfers to the kidney, it transforms into Rou Jing (soft spasm)." Rou Jing manifests as flaccid tendons and weakness; Jing refers to rigid bones and involuntary movement. Jing means stiffness; the *Qianjin Fang* defines Jing as stiffness and straightening. The classics state: "Stiffness and tension of the neck and back, trismus (lockjaw), and opisthotonos constitute Jing." From this, it is clear that "Zhi" is "Jing".
In Taiyang disease, if there is fever, anhidrosis (absence of sweating), and contrary aversion to cold, it is named Gang Jing (stiff spasm).
The *Qianjin Fang* says: "If Taiyang wind-stroke is compounded by cold-dampness, it transforms into Jing disease." In Taiyang disease, fever with anhidrosis indicates exterior excess, which should not involve aversion to cold. The presence of contrary aversion to cold indicates that Taiyang wind-stroke has been compounded by cold, resulting in Jing disease. Because the exterior is excess and affected by cold, it is called Gang Jing.
In Taiyang disease, if there is fever, sweating, and no aversion to wind/cold (Zhao edition adds "er"), it is named Rou Jing (soft spasm).
In Taiyang disease, fever with sweating indicates exterior deficiency, which should involve aversion to cold. If there is no aversion to cold, it is Yangming disease. However, fever with sweating but no aversion to cold is not a Yangming pattern; rather, it is Taiyang wind-stroke compounded by dampness, resulting in Rou Jing. Because the exterior is deficient and affected by dampness, it is called Rou Jing.
In Taiyang disease, if there is fever and the pulse is deep and fine, it is named Jing disease.
Taiyang governs the exterior. Fever in Taiyang disease indicates an exterior condition, so the pulse should be floating and large. A deep and fine pulse indicates the condition is unresolving; this is Taiyang wind-stroke compounded by dampness, transforming into Jing disease.
The *Jingui Yaolue* states: "In Taiyang disease, when symptoms are complete, the body is stiff, [rigid], and the pulse is contrary deep and slow, this is Jing disease, treated with Gualou Guizhi Tang."
Excessive sweating in Taiyang disease can lead to Jing disease.
Excessive sweating in Taiyang disease leads to the loss of Yang qi. The *Neijing* states: "Yang qi, in its refined aspect, nourishes the spirit; in its soft aspect, it nourishes the tendons." Weak Yang qi cannot nourish the tendons, leading to tendon tension and the formation of Jing disease.
If a patient presents with fever, cold feet, stiffness and tension of the neck and back, aversion to cold, intermittent fever in the head, red face, red eye veins, isolated head tremor, sudden trismus, and opisthotonos, this is Jing disease.
Taiyang wind-stroke represents pure wind-strike; Taiyang cold damage represents pure cold damage; neither produces Jing. Only when Taiyang wind-stroke is compounded by cold-dampness does it transform into Jing.
Fever and cold feet indicate injury to the lower part by cold-dampness. Intermittent head fever, red face, and red eye veins indicate injury to the upper part by wind. Head tremor occurs because wind is active; isolated head tremor occurs because the head is the meeting point of all Yang meridians, and wind injures Yang. If purely injured by wind, the whole body would tremble and limbs would convulse; here, internal cold-dampness causes only the head to tremble. Trismus occurs because cold governs contraction and urgency. Sudden trismus implies it is not constant but intermittent. If wind and cold contend, trismus would be constant without opening; here, compounded by wind-dampness, it becomes sudden trismus.
The Foot-Taiyang Bladder meridian originates from the inner canthus, ascends to the forehead, and intersects at the vertex. Its branch enters the brain from the vertex, emerges, descends behind the neck, runs along the medial shoulder blade,夹 spine to the waist, passes through the buttocks, and descends to the foot. When wind-cold lodges in the meridian, it causes tendon tension, resulting in neck/back stiffness and opisthotonos.
In Taiyang disease, if joint pain is accompanied by vexation and the pulse is deep and fine (Zhao edition notes: "alternatively slow"), it is named Shi Bi (Dampness Bi). (Zhao edition notes: "alternatively Zhong Shi"). The manifestation of Shi Bi includes difficult urination and loose stools; treatment should focus on promoting diuresis.
The *Jingui Yaolue* states: "Mist injures the skin and interstices; dampness flows into the joints. Pain with vexation indicates internal flow of dampness. Dampness is similar to water; a deep and fine pulse indicates water's tendency to flow downward. Bi means pain. Due to joint pain and vexation, it is named Shi Bi, distinct from podagra-type Bi. The *Neijing* states: 'Excess dampness leads to watery diarrhea.' Difficult urination and loose stools indicate internal excess of dampness. Promoting diuresis excretes abdominal dampness. Ancient wisdom says: treating dampness without promoting diuresis is incorrect."
Patients with chronic dampness present with generalized body pain, fever, and a yellowish complexion resembling smoke-stained yellow.
A bright orange-yellow complexion indicates Yangming blood stasis and heat. A smoke-stained yellow is not Yangming blood stasis. Yellow complexion with fever is treated with Zhizi Bopi Tang, indicating interior and exterior heat without body pain. Generalized body pain is not due to pathogenic heat from Shanghan but indicates dampness in the meridians. The spleen dislikes dampness; dampness injuring the spleen causes color changes, leading to jaundice. This smoke-like yellow is not true yellow.
Patients with chronic dampness may have sweating only on the head, back stiffness, and a desire to cover up and face fire. Premature purging may cause hiccups, chest fullness, difficult urination, and a tongue coating resembling moss, due to heat in the Dan Tian and cold in the chest. Thirst with inability to drink results in dry mouth and vexation.
Chronic dampness involves wind-damp or cold-damp; here, cold-damp contends. Excess dampness causes sweating; cold damage causes anhidrosis. Cold-damp contention allows sweating but not over the whole body, hence only head sweating. The back is Yang, the abdomen Yin. The Taiyang meridian runs along the spine to the waist; external cold-damp obstructs Taiyang, causing back stiffness. Interior pathogens do not cause aversion to cold; exterior pathogens do. Desire to cover up and face fire indicates aversion to cold due to exterior cold-damp. Premature purging damages stomach Qi and fluids, causing hiccups, chest fullness, and difficult urination. Post-purging interior deficiency causes upper Jiao Yang Qi to sink to the lower Jiao (heat in Dan Tian), while exterior cold enters the chest (cold in chest), producing a white slippery tongue coating. Interior dryness causes thirst, but external cold-damp prevents drinking, resulting in dry mouth and vexation.
If a dampness patient is purged, presenting with sweating on the forehead, slight wheezing, and free urination (Zhao edition notes: "alternatively difficult"), death ensues. If diarrhea persists, death also ensues.
Dampness patients recover with sweating. The *Jingui Yaolue* states: "For dampness with body vexation and pain, Mahuang Jia Zhu Tang (Ephedra plus Atractylodes Decoction) is appropriate to induce mild sweating; improper purging is a major error." Sweating on the forehead with slight wheezing indicates upward reversal of Yang Qi. Free urination or diarrhea indicates downward flow of Yin Qi. Separation of Yin and Yang leads to death. The *Neijing* states: "When Yin and Yang separate, essence and Qi perish."
Question: Wind-damp contends, causing generalized pain. According to principles, sweating should resolve it. Why does it fail to resolve during continuous rainy weather? Answer: Profuse sweating expels wind but leaves dampness, hence no resolution. For wind-damp, inducing mild sweating ("slightly desiring sweat") expels both wind and damp.
Continuous rain indicates dampness excess. The *Neijing* states: "Yang receives wind; Yin receives dampness." Also: "Wind injuries affect the upper first; damp injuries affect the lower first." In wind-damp contention, wind is exterior, damp is interior. Profuse sweating is violent, expelling exterior pathogens but failing to expel interior ones, leaving dampness. Mild sweating is gentle, allowing both interior and exterior pathogens to exit, resolving both wind and damp.
A dampness patient with body pain, fever, yellow face, wheezing, headache, nasal congestion, and vexation, with a large pulse, normal appetite, and harmonious abdomen, has cold-damp in the head causing nasal congestion. Nasal medication resolves it.
Diseases vary in depth; symptoms vary in location. This is shallow dampness. Why? Lack of joint pain indicates dampness is not in joints but on the muscle surface. Fever with yellow face and wheezing, rather than smoke-stained yellow, indicates dampness affects the Upper Jiao, not the spleen. Headache and nasal congestion indicate dampness affects Yang, not Yin. While dampness pulses are typically deep and fine, a large pulse indicates dampness is not internal but superficial. Normal appetite and absence of abdominal distension confirm mild, shallow dampness. Nasal medication vents cold-damp from the head.
Generalized body pain, fever, worsening in the late afternoon characterizes Feng Shi (Wind-Damp). This results from sweating exposed to wind or prolonged exposure to cold.
Generalized pain is dampness; afternoon-worsening fever is wind. Sweating exposed to wind implies dampness first, then wind; prolonged cold exposure implies wind first, then dampness. Treat with Mahuang Xingren Yiyi Ren Gancao Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Seed, Coix Seed, Licorice Decoction), see *Jingui Yaolue*.
Taiyang Zhongre (Summerheat-Heat) is Shu (Summerheat). Symptoms include sweating, aversion to cold, fever, and thirst.
Sweating, aversion to cold, fever without thirst is Wind-Strike. Sweating, aversion to cold, fever with thirst is Zhong Shu (Summerheat Strike). Treat with Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger plus Ginseng Decoction), see *Jingui Yaolue*.
Taiyang Zhong Shu presents with fever, heavy body pain, and weak pulse. This results from consuming cold water in summer, causing water to circulate in the skin.
The classics state: "Weak pulse and fever result from Summerheat." Fever with weak pulse is Summerheat; heavy body pain is water-damp. Treated with Yi Wu Gua Di San (Single Herb Melon Pedicle Powder), see *Jingui Yaolue*.
Taiyang Zhong Shu presents with fever, aversion to cold, heavy body pain, string-taut/fine/cupping/slow pulse, chills after urination, cold extremities, fever upon slight exertion, open mouth, and dry anterior teeth. Sweating worsens aversion to cold; warming needles worsen fever; repeated purging worsens strangury.
This is a simultaneous exterior-interior condition. Fever, aversion to cold, heavy pain indicate exterior Summerheat. String-taut/fine/cupping/slow pulse indicates Summerheat deficiency. Chills after urination and cold extremities indicate insufficient Taiyang Qi. Fever upon exertion indicates Summerheat triggered by moving Yang. Open mouth and dry teeth indicate interior heat. The *Neijing* states: "Due to Summerheat sweating, vexation leads to panting." Open mouth signifies panting; continuous panting dries the anterior teeth. Sweating depletes exterior Yang, worsening aversion to cold. Warming needles aggravate interior fire, worsening fever. Purging depletes interior, drying the bladder, worsening strangury.