临产之月,一宜善养,勿呆坐,勿多睡,勿饱食,常食糜粥,以解饥渴,天热则择凉处,天寒则择暖
室。二宜预选稳婆,并备办需用之物,临产时,用老练生育过二人,撑扶伺值,不许多人喧闹。三宜服药,孕
至八月,宜服保产无忧汤二三剂,临产时再服此剂,撑开道路则儿易生。如或连日不产,用力太早、宜眼加
味八珍汤,以助其力。人生人系天生人,有自然之造化,不假人力强为,其有调护失宜,已成偏产,碍产、
逆产者,则不能不令老练稳婆,轻轻缓缓拔正,儿头正对产门,此与前戒稳婆动手者,
有所区别,备列方法,以保两全。
横生者,儿方转身用力太急也。产母宜安然仰睡,令老练稳
婆,先推儿身顺直,以中指探儿肩,不令脐带扳羁,然后用脱花煎服之。产母努力一助,儿即顺生。
倒产者,儿未转身,努力太早,手脚先出也。令稳婆轻手推入,若良久不生,稳婆手入产户,就一边
拔转儿头,服脱花煎。
偏产者,儿已转身,母努力太急,逼儿头偏一边,虽露顶。非也,乃额角耳。令稳婆轻手扶正其头,
儿即下。若儿顶后骨,偏注谷道露额,稳婆轻手于谷道外旁托正,产母努力即生。
碍产者,儿转身时,脐带绊其肩,以致不生,稳婆轻手推儿向上,以中指按儿肩,脱去脐带即生。
盘肠产者,临产子肠先出,然后生子。肠出时以洁净漆器盛之,待胞下后,用蓖麻仁四十九粒研烂,
涂产母顶肠即收。急洗去其药,以磨刀水少许,温润之。又有用麻油纸燃点灯,吹熄以烟熏鼻,肠即上。
交骨不开有锁骨者,有血虚不能运达者,令稳婆以麻油调滑石涂入产门,或用两指缓缓撑开,
服加味归芎汤,脱花煎均可。
临产之月,一宜善养,勿呆坐,勿多睡,勿饱食,常食糜粥,以解饥渴,天热则择凉处,天寒则择暖室。
在临近生产的月份,第一要务是妥善调养,不要久坐不动,不要过度睡眠,不要吃得过饱,经常食用稀粥来缓解饥饿和口渴;天气炎热时选择凉爽的地方,天气寒冷时选择温暖的房间。
二宜预选稳婆,并备办需用之物,临产时,用老练生育过二人,撑扶伺值,不许多人喧闹。
第二要务是提前选定经验丰富的接生婆,并准备好分娩所需的物品;分娩时,请两位有过生育经验且老练的助手进行扶持和看护,避免过多人员喧哗。
三宜服药,孕至八月,宜服保产无忧汤二三剂,临产时再服此剂,撑开道路则儿易生。如或连日不产,用力太早、宜眼加味八珍汤,以助其力。
第三要务是服用药物;怀孕到第八个月时,适宜服用保产无忧汤(一种用于保障分娩安全的方剂)两到三剂,临产时再次服用此方,可以疏通产道使胎儿容易出生。如果连续几天未能分娩,或者因过早用力导致乏力,适宜服用加味八珍汤(在八珍汤基础上加减的方剂),以补充体力。
人生人系天生人,有自然之造化,不假人力强为,其有调护失宜,已成偏产,碍产、逆产者,则不能不令老练稳婆,轻轻缓缓拔正,儿头正对产门,此与前戒稳婆动手者,有所区别,备列方法,以保两全。
人类繁衍依靠的是自然的造化,不需要人为强行干预。但如果因为调养护理不当,已经造成胎位不正(偏产)、脐带缠绕阻碍生产(碍产)或臀位/足位先露(逆产)等情况,则不得不让经验丰富的接生婆轻轻缓慢地将胎儿矫正,使胎头正对产门。这与之前告诫接生婆随意动手的做法有所区别,这里详细列出各种方法,以保全母婴平安。
横生者,儿方转身用力太急也。产母宜安然仰睡,令老练稳婆,先推儿身顺直,以中指探儿肩,不令脐带扳羁,然后用脱花煎服之。产母努力一助,儿即顺生。
横生是指胎儿正在转身时用力过猛导致的横向胎位。产妇应安心仰卧,让经验丰富的接生婆先将胎儿身体推顺直,用中指探查胎儿肩部,防止脐带缠绕牵制,然后给产妇服用脱花煎(一种促进分娩的方剂)。产妇稍加助力,胎儿即可顺利出生。
倒产者,儿未转身,努力太早,手脚先出也。令稳婆轻手推入,若良久不生,稳婆手入产户,就一边拔转儿头,服脱花煎。
倒产是指胎儿尚未转身,产妇过早用力,导致手脚先露出的情况。让接生婆轻轻将肢体推回,如果长时间仍无法分娩,接生婆需将手伸入产道,从一侧将胎头拨转过来,同时让产妇服用脱花煎。
偏产者,儿已转身,母努力太急,逼儿头偏一边,虽露顶。非也,乃额角耳。令稳婆轻手扶正其头,儿即下。若儿顶后骨,偏注谷道露额,稳婆轻手于谷道外旁托正,产母努力即生。
偏产是指胎儿已经转身,但产妇用力过急,迫使胎头偏向一侧,虽然露出了头顶,但实际上露出的是额角。让接生婆轻轻扶正胎头,胎儿即可下降。如果胎儿枕骨偏向肛门方向而露出额头,接生婆需在肛门外侧轻轻托举矫正,产妇稍加用力即可分娩。
碍产者,儿转身时,脐带绊其肩,以致不生,稳婆轻手推儿向上,以中指按儿肩,脱去脐带即生。
碍产是指胎儿在转身时,脐带缠绕住肩膀,导致无法分娩。接生婆轻轻将胎儿向上推,用中指按压胎儿肩部,解开脐带后即可分娩。
盘肠产者,临产子肠先出,然后生子。肠出时以洁净漆器盛之,待胞下后,用蓖麻仁四十九粒研烂,涂产母顶肠即收。急洗去其药,以磨刀水少许,温润之。又有用麻油纸燃点灯,吹熄以烟熏鼻,肠即上。
盘肠产是指临产时子宫先脱垂出来,然后才生下胎儿。子宫脱出时,用干净的漆器盛放,等待胎盘娩出后,用四十九粒蓖麻仁研烂,涂抹在产妇头顶,子宫即可收回。迅速洗去药物,用少许磨刀水湿润子宫以防干燥。另一种方法是点燃浸有麻油的纸灯,吹灭后用烟熏产妇鼻子,子宫即可回升。
交骨不开有锁骨者,有血虚不能运达者,令稳婆以麻油调滑石涂入产门,或用两指缓缓撑开,服加味归芎汤,脱花煎均可。
交骨不开(耻骨联合分离或骨盆狭窄导致产道打不开)有两种情况:一种是骨骼结构问题(锁骨者,此处疑为笔误或特指某种骨性障碍,原文如此),另一种是血虚导致气血不能推动分娩。让接生婆用麻油调和滑石粉涂抹并送入产门润滑,或者用两根手指缓缓撑开,同时让产妇服用加味归芎汤(当归、川芎等组成的方剂)或脱花煎均可。
In the month preceding childbirth, the first priority is proper care: avoid sitting still for long periods, avoid excessive sleep, and avoid overeating. Frequently consume congee to relieve hunger and thirst; choose cool places when the weather is hot, and warm rooms when it is cold. The second priority is to pre-select a midwife and prepare necessary items. During labor, employ two experienced midwives who have given birth themselves to support and attend to the mother, avoiding noise from too many people. The third priority is medication administration. By the eighth month of pregnancy, it is advisable to take Baochan Wuyou Tang (Preservation of Birth Unworried Decoction) for two or three doses. Taking this decoction again during labor opens the pathway, making delivery easier. If labor does not proceed after several days, or if effort was exerted too early leading to exhaustion, Jiawei Bazhen Tang (Modified Eight-Treasure Decoction) should be taken to assist strength.
Human reproduction relies on natural creation and does not require forced human intervention. However, if improper care has resulted in malpositions such as lateral presentation (Pianchan), obstructed labor due to cord entanglement (Aichan), or breech/presentation abnormalities (Nichan), experienced midwives must gently and slowly correct the position so that the fetal head aligns with the birth canal. This differs from the previously warned practice of midwives handling the fetus indiscriminately. Detailed methods are listed here to ensure the safety of both mother and child.
Lateral presentation (Hengsheng) occurs when the fetus exerts force too urgently while turning. The mother should lie comfortably on her back. An experienced midwife should first push the fetal body straight, using the middle finger to check the shoulder to prevent umbilical cord entanglement. Then, Tuohua Jian (Flower-Stripping Decoction) is administered. With the mother's assistance, the baby will be born smoothly.
Breech presentation (Daochan) occurs when the fetus has not turned yet, but the mother exerts force too early, causing hands or feet to emerge first. The midwife should gently push them back in. If delivery does not occur after a long time, the midwife inserts her hand into the vagina to rotate the fetal head from one side, while the mother takes Tuohua Jian.
Oblique presentation (Pianchan) occurs when the fetus has turned, but the mother exerts force too urgently, forcing the fetal head to one side. Although the vertex appears, it is actually the frontal angle. The midwife should gently correct the head, and the baby will descend. If the occipital bone is biased towards the anus with the forehead exposed, the midwife should gently support and correct it from the outside of the anus, and the mother can deliver with effort.
Obstructed labor (Aichan) occurs when the umbilical cord entangles the shoulder during fetal turning, preventing delivery. The midwife gently pushes the fetus upward and presses the shoulder with the middle finger to release the cord, allowing delivery to proceed.
Placental prolapse with uterine inversion (Panchangchan) refers to the uterus protruding before the baby is born. When the uterus protrudes, place it in a clean lacquer vessel. After the placenta is delivered, grind 49 castor seeds (Ricini Semen) into a paste and apply it to the crown of the mother's head; the uterus will retract. Wash off the medicine immediately and moisten the uterus with a little water used for sharpening knives. Alternatively, light a lamp with hemp oil-soaked paper, extinguish it, and use the smoke to fumigate the nose; the uterus will rise.
Failure of the symphysis pubis to open (Jiaogu Bukai) may be due to skeletal structure issues or blood deficiency failing to propel the process. The midwife should apply talcum powder mixed with sesame oil into the vagina for lubrication, or gently expand the opening with two fingers. The mother may take Jiawei Guixiong Tang (Modified Angelica and Ligusticum Decoction) or Tuohua Jian.