保胎药饵均已备载,惟宜食、宜忌诸物,兹再列陈,以备采择。
宜食诸物
猪肚、麻油、腐皮、鲫鱼、淡鲞、鸡、鸭、火腿、白菜、盐蛋、海参、笋、生豆腐。
诸味总宜洁治,多用清汤吹去浮油饮之,宜白煮,忌油煎,以上特为膏梁之人言之耳。若藜藿之家,青
蔬白饭宜能养人,且正宜得肥甘而润脏腑,何淡泊之有。但六七个月腐皮,麻油最宜多
用,不妨日日食之。盖麻油解毒,腐皮滑胎,且清且补,贫富皆
宜,允为上品。积食二三百张,则首生如达矣。或以麻油拌食更妙,但不宜熬熟。
忌食诸物
椒、姜、煎炒、野味,螃蟹。(眉批∶沿海边螃蟹之外,尚有白玉蟹、羌蟹、青蟹、蟹边以及蟹糊、蟹酱等
类。孕妇贪食,多致横生)。鳗、鳝、猪肝血、龟、鳖、自死肉、苋菜。勿多饮酒,而孕妇于一切兴工,动
土、修造等事,及宰杀凶恶之状,以及龟、兔等物,概不可见。
易曰∶天地氤氲,万物化醇,男女媾精,万物化生。盖天地生生之道,终古为然矣。《颅囟经》曰∶
成胎之后,一月为胞胎,精气凝也。二月为胎形,始成胚也。三月阳神,为三魂。四月阴灵,为七魄。五月
应五行,分五脏也。六月应六律,定六腑也。七月精开窍,通光明也。八月元神足,降真露也。九月宫室罗
布,以御外侮,十月受气足,万象成也。此胎元长养造化自然,非人力也。
保胎的药物已经全部记载在前面了,现在再次列出适宜食用和应当禁忌的食物,供读者参考选择。
适宜食用的食物
猪肚、麻油、腐皮(豆腐皮)、鲫鱼、淡鲞(咸鱼)、鸡、鸭、火腿、白菜、盐蛋、海参、笋、生豆腐。
这些食物总体上都应该清洁处理,多用清汤撇去浮油后饮用,适合白煮,忌讳油煎,以上是专门针对富贵人家(饮食油腻者)而言的。如果是贫寒之家,青菜白饭本来就能滋养人体,而且正需要肥甘厚味来滋润脏腑,哪里谈得上过于清淡呢?但是怀孕六七个月时,腐皮和麻油最适合多吃,不妨每天食用。因为麻油能解毒,腐皮能滑利胞胎,既清淡又滋补,无论贫富都适宜,确实是上品。如果积食二三百张腐皮,胎儿的头就会像瓦片一样平展(利于顺产)。或者用麻油拌着吃更好,但不宜熬熟。
禁忌食用的食物
花椒、生姜、煎炒食物、野味、螃蟹。(眉批:除了沿海边的普通螃蟹外,还有白玉蟹、羌蟹、青蟹、蟹边以及蟹糊、蟹酱等类。孕妇贪吃这些,多导致难产)。鳗鱼、黄鳝、猪肝血、龟、鳖、自然死亡的肉、苋菜。不要过量饮酒,而且孕妇对于一切开工、动土、修造等事情,以及宰杀凶恶动物的情景,还有龟、兔等动物,一概不可看见。
《易经》说:天地阴阳之气交融,万物化育醇厚;男女精气交合,万物由此化生。大概天地生生不息的道理,从古至今都是如此。《颅囟经》说:
受孕之后,第一个月称为胞胎,是精气凝聚的时候。第二个月称为胎形,开始形成胚胎。第三个月阳气成神,具备三魂。第四个月阴气成灵,具备七魄。第五个月对应五行,分化出五脏。第六个月对应六律,确定六腑。第七个月精气开启窍穴,通晓光明。第八个月元神充足,降下真露。第九个月子宫宫室罗列分布,以抵御外邪侵害。第十个月受气充足,万象成形。这是胎元在造化中自然长养的过程,并非人力所能强求。
The medicinal preparations for preserving the fetus have all been recorded previously. Here, items suitable for consumption and those to be avoided are listed again for reference.
**Items Suitable for Consumption**
Pig stomach, sesame oil, tofu skin (Doufu Pi), crucian carp, dried salted fish, chicken, duck, ham, Chinese cabbage, salted eggs, sea cucumber, bamboo shoots, raw tofu.
These foods should generally be cleaned thoroughly. It is advisable to use clear broth, skimming off the floating oil before drinking. They should be boiled plainly; frying in oil is taboo. This advice is specifically directed at those accustomed to rich and greasy diets. For those of humble means, green vegetables and plain rice are naturally nourishing, and they actually benefit from richer flavors to moisten the internal organs, so there is no need for excessive blandness. However, during the seventh and eighth months of pregnancy, tofu skin and sesame oil are most beneficial and should be consumed frequently, even daily. Sesame oil detoxifies, while tofu skin facilitates the smooth passage of the fetus; both are light yet nourishing, suitable for both the rich and the poor, making them excellent choices. Consuming two or three hundred sheets of tofu skin may help flatten the fetal head (facilitating delivery). Mixing sesame oil with food is even better, but it should not be cooked at high heat.
**Items to Be Avoided**
Sichuan pepper, ginger, fried foods, game meat, crabs. (Marginal note: Besides common crabs found along the coast, there are also white jade crabs, Qiang crabs, green crabs, crab edges, as well as crab paste and crab sauce. Pregnant women who greedily consume these often suffer from difficult labor.) Eels, swamp eels, pig liver blood, turtles, soft-shelled turtles, meat that died naturally, amaranth. Alcohol should not be consumed in excess. Furthermore, pregnant women should avoid witnessing any construction work, such as breaking ground or building repairs, scenes of slaughtering fierce animals, and creatures like turtles and rabbits.
The *I Ching* states: "When Heaven and Earth interact through their vital energies, all things are transformed into purity; when male and female essences unite, all things are generated." Indeed, the Way of Heaven and Earth generating life has remained constant since ancient times. The *Luxin Jing* (Classic of the Cranium) states:
After conception, the first month is called the Bao Tai (embryonic sac), where the essence and qi condense. The second month is called the Tai Xing (fetal form), where the embryo begins to take shape. The third month involves the Yang Spirit, forming the Three Hun (ethereal souls). The fourth month involves the Yin Spirit, forming the Seven Po (corporeal souls). The fifth month corresponds to the Five Elements, differentiating the Five Zang (solid) organs. The sixth month corresponds to the Six Laws (harmonies), establishing the Six Fu (hollow) organs. The seventh month sees the opening of the orifices by the essence, bringing clarity and vision. The eighth month brings fullness of the Yuan Shen (original spirit), descending the True Dew. The ninth month features the arrangement of the uterine chambers to defend against external pathogens. The tenth month completes the reception of Qi, forming all phenomena. This natural growth and transformation of the fetal origin is a process of nature, not something achievable by human effort alone.