仲景曰∶伤暑脉虚。又曰∶脉虚身热，得之伤暑。《脉诀》曰∶暑伤于气，所以脉虚，弦细芤迟，体状无余。《三因》
曰∶中暑之脉，阳弱阴虚，微迟似芤。《本事》曰∶暑脉弦细芤迟。何也？盖寒伤形，热伤气，气伤则气消，而脉虚弱，
所以弦细芤迟。皆虚脉也。《正传》曰∶暑脉虚而微弱，或浮大而散，或隐而不见。夫微弱隐伏，皆虚类也。《活人书》
曰∶中暑与热病相似，但热病脉盛，中暑脉虚，以此辨之。张凤逵曰∶（《脉理论》）刘复真云∶暑脉虚而微弱，按之无
力，又脉来隐伏，弦细芤迟，皆暑脉也。脉虚身热，得之伤暑。中 脉虚而微者是也。寒病传经，故脉日变；温热不传
经，故不变。寒病浮洪有力易治，芤细无力难治，无脉不治；温热不然。温有一二部无脉者，暑热有三四部无脉者，被
火所逼而伏，非绝无也，于病无妨，攻之亦易，照经用辛寒，火散脉起病愈矣。盖温热病发，在一二经，始终在此，更
不传递别经者，其一二经或洪数，则别经弱且伏，根据经络调之，伏者起，洪者平，乃愈征也。（鳌按∶此篇言热病，即
指暑病而言，非谓伏寒夏发之热病也。）
脉沉而缓，沉而细，微缓者，皆中湿。脉浮风湿；脉浮虚而涩者，寒湿；脉来滑疾，身热、烦喘、胸满、口燥、发
黄者，湿热；脉洪而缓，阴阳两虚，湿热自甚；脉洪而动，湿热为痛也；脉浮而缓，湿在表也；脉沉而缓，湿在里也；
或弦而缓，或缓而浮，皆风湿相搏也。
张仲景说：中暑的脉象表现为虚。又说：脉象虚弱且身体发热，这是由伤暑引起的。《脉诀》说：暑邪损伤人体正气，所以脉象呈现虚象，弦、细、芤、迟这四种脉象，其形态特征没有遗漏（即暑病多见这些脉象）。《三因极一病证方论》说：中暑的脉象，阳分弱而阴分虚，脉微且迟，类似芤脉。《本事方》说：暑病的脉象是弦、细、芤、迟。为什么呢？因为寒邪损伤形体，热邪损伤气机，气机受损则气耗散，导致脉象虚弱，所以出现弦、细、芤、迟的脉象。这些都是虚脉的表现。《丹溪心法附余》（注：此处《正传》指朱震亨《格致余论》或相关著作，通常指代丹溪学派观点）说：暑病的脉象虚而微弱，或者浮大而散，或者隐伏不见。凡是微弱隐伏的，都属于虚脉一类。《伤寒百问歌》（注：《活人书》即朱肱《类证活人书》）说：中暑与热病症状相似，但热病的脉象盛大，中暑的脉象虚弱，据此可以辨别。张凤逵说：（引用自《脉理论》）刘复真说：暑病的脉象虚而微弱，按之无力，又见脉来隐伏，以及弦、细、芤、迟，都是暑病的脉象。脉虚身热，是由伤暑引起的，就是脉虚而微弱的情况。寒邪致病会传入经络，所以脉象每天变化；温热病不传经，所以脉象不变。寒邪致病若见浮洪有力容易治疗，芤细无力难治，无脉则不治；温热病则不是这样。温病有一两个部位无脉的，暑热病有三四个部位无脉的，这是因为被火邪逼迫而脉伏，并非真的没有脉搏，这对病情没有妨碍，攻逐邪气也容易，按照经络使用辛寒药物，火邪散去脉象复出，病就好了。大概温热病发作时，局限在一两条经络，始终在此处，不再传递到其他经络，如果这一两条经络的脉象洪大或数急，那么其他经络的脉象就会弱且伏，根据经络进行调理，伏脉起出，洪脉平息，这才是痊愈的征象。（编者按：本篇所说的热病，即指暑病而言，并非指冬季感受寒邪夏季发作的热病。）
脉象沉而缓，沉而细，或微缓的，都是中湿。脉浮表示风湿；脉浮虚而涩的，是寒湿；脉来滑疾，伴有身体发热、烦躁气喘、胸满、口燥、发黄等症状的，是湿热；脉洪大而缓的，表示阴阳两虚，湿热邪气炽盛；脉洪大而动的，湿热会导致疼痛；脉浮而缓的，湿气在体表；脉沉而缓的，湿气在体内；或者脉弦而缓，或者脉缓而浮，都是风湿相搏结的表现。
Zhang Zhongjing stated: The pulse in heatstroke (Shu Bing) is deficient. He also said: A deficient pulse accompanied by fever indicates injury from summerheat. *Mai Jue* (Pulse Classic) states: Summerheat damages Qi, hence the pulse is deficient; the string-like (Xian), fine (Xi), hollow (Kou), and slow (Chi) pulses are characteristic without exception. *San Yin Fang* states: The pulse in heatstroke shows weak Yang and deficient Yin, appearing faint and slow, resembling a hollow pulse. *Benshi Fang* states: The pulse in summerheat is string-like, fine, hollow, and slow. Why? Because cold damages the form, while heat damages Qi. When Qi is damaged, it dissipates, leading to a weak and deficient pulse, thus manifesting as string-like, fine, hollow, or slow. These are all types of deficient pulses. *Zhengchuan* states: The pulse in summerheat is deficient and faint, or floating and large with a scattered quality, or hidden and imperceptible. Faintness and hiding all belong to the category of deficiency. *Huo Ren Shu* states: Heatstroke resembles febrile disease, but in febrile disease the pulse is vigorous, whereas in heatstroke it is deficient; this distinguishes them. Zhang Fengkui cited Liu Fuzhen: The pulse in summerheat is deficient and faint, powerless upon pressure, and may appear hidden, string-like, fine, hollow, or slow; these are all pulses of summerheat. A deficient pulse with fever results from summerheat injury, specifically when the pulse is deficient and faint. In cold diseases, pathogens transmit through meridians, so the pulse changes daily; in warm-heat diseases, there is no transmission, so the pulse remains unchanged. In cold diseases, a floating and full pulse is easy to treat, a hollow and fine pulse is difficult, and an absent pulse is untreatable; warm-heat diseases are different. In warm diseases, one or two positions may lack a pulse; in summerheat-heat diseases, three or four positions may lack a pulse. This is due to suppression by fire pathogen causing the pulse to hide, not its absolute absence, which does not hinder the disease process and makes treatment easier. Using acrid-cold herbs according to the meridians will disperse the fire, restore the pulse, and cure the disease. Generally, warm-heat diseases originate in one or two meridians and remain there without transmitting to others. If the pulse in these meridians is full and rapid, the pulse in other meridians will be weak and hidden. Regulating according to the meridians will cause the hidden pulse to emerge and the full pulse to calm, indicating recovery. (Editor's Note: The "febrile disease" mentioned here refers to summerheat disease, not the febrile disease caused by latent winter-cold manifesting in summer.)
A sinking and slow pulse, a sinking and fine pulse, or a slightly slow pulse all indicate dampness invasion. A floating pulse indicates wind-dampness; a floating, deficient, and choppy pulse indicates cold-dampness; a slippery and rapid pulse accompanied by fever, restlessness, panting, chest fullness, dry mouth, and jaundice indicates damp-heat; a full and slow pulse indicates dual deficiency of Yin and Yang with severe damp-heat; a full and moving pulse indicates pain caused by damp-heat; a floating and slow pulse indicates dampness in the exterior; a sinking and slow pulse indicates dampness in the interior; a string-like and slow pulse, or a slow and floating pulse, all indicate the binding of wind and dampness.